Observations on the radiative corrections to pion beta-decay

We find that, in the local V-A theory, the radiative corrections to pion beta-decay involving the weak vector current, when evaluated in the current algebra (CA) formulation in which quarks are the fundamental underlying fields, show a small difference with the more elementary calculations based directly on the pion fields. We show that this difference arises from a specific short-distance effect that depends on the algebra satisfied by the weak and electromagnetic currents. On the other hand, we present a simple theoretical argument that concludes that this difference does not occur when the CA formulation is compared with the chiral perturbation theory (chiPT) approach. Comparisons with previous studies, and with a more recent calculation based on chiPT, are included. We also briefly review the important differences between the results in the local V-A theory and the Standard Model.Comment: 5 pages, 1 figure. V2: two paragraphs have been added in Section III. Final version on PR

Renorm-group, Causality and Non-power Perturbation Expansion in QFT

The structure of the QFT expansion is studied in the framework of a new "Invariant analytic" version of the perturbative QCD. Here, an invariant (running) coupling $a(Q^2/\Lambda^2)=\beta_1\alpha_s(Q^2)/4\pi$ is transformed into a "$Q^2$--analytized" invariant coupling $a_{\rm an}(Q^2/\Lambda^2) \equiv {\cal A}(x)$ which, by constuction, is free of ghost singularities due to incorporating some nonperturbative structures. Meanwhile, the "analytized" perturbation expansion for an observable $F$, in contrast with the usual case, may contain specific functions ${\cal A}_n(x)= [a^n(x)]_{\rm an}$, the "n-th power of $a(x)$ analytized as a whole", instead of $({\cal A}(x))^n$. In other words, the pertubation series for $F(x)$, due to analyticity imperative, may change its form turning into an {\it asymptotic expansion \`a la Erd\'elyi over a nonpower set} $\{{\cal A}_n(x)\}$. We analyse sets of functions $\{{\cal A}_n(x)\}$ and discuss properties of non-power expansion arising with their relations to feeble loop and scheme dependence of observables. The issue of ambiguity of the invariant analytization procedure and of possible inconsistency of some of its versions with the RG structure is also discussed.Comment: 12 pages, LaTeX To appear in Teor. Mat. Fizika 119 (1999) No.

Spin-Statistics Theorem in Path Integral Formulation

We present a coherent proof of the spin-statistics theorem in path integral formulation. The local path integral measure and Lorentz invariant local Lagrangian, when combined with Green's functions defined in terms of time ordered products, ensure causality regardless of statistics. The Feynman's $m-i\epsilon$ prescription ensures the positive energy condition regardless of statistics, and the abnormal spin-statistics relation for both of spin-0 scalar particles and spin-1/2 Dirac particles is excluded if one imposes the positive norm condition in conjunction with Schwinger's action principle. The minus commutation relation between one Bose and one Fermi field arises naturally in path integral. The Feynman's $m-i\epsilon$ prescription also ensures a smooth continuation to Euclidean theory, for which the use of the Weyl anomaly is illustrated to exclude the abnormal statistics for the scalar and Dirac particles not only in 4-dimensional theory but also in 2-dimensional theory.Comment: 19 pages. Some minor changes in the presentation and a correction of a misprint. Int. J. Mod. Phys. A (in press

Protecting the conformal symmetry via bulk renormalization on Anti deSitter space

The problem of perturbative breakdown of conformal symmetry can be avoided, if a conformally covariant quantum field phi on d-dimensional Minkowski spacetime is viewed as the boundary limit of a quantum field Phi on d+1-dimensional anti-deSitter spacetime (AdS). We study the boundary limit in renormalized perturbation theory with polynomial interactions in AdS, and point out the differences as compared to renormalization directly on the boundary. In particular, provided the limit exists, there is no conformal anomaly. We compute explicitly the "fish diagram" on AdS_4 by differential renormalization, and calculate the anomalous dimension of the composite boundary field phi^2 with bulk interaction Phi^4.Comment: 40 page

Three-body decay of the d* dibaryon

Under certain circumstances, a three-body decay width can be approximated by an integral involving a product of two off-shell two-body decay widths. This ``angle-average'' approximation is used to calculate the $\pi NN$ decay width of the $d^*(J^\pi=3^+, T=0)$ dibaryon in a simple $\Delta^2$ model for the most important Feynman diagrams describing pion emissions with baryon-baryon recoil and meson retardation. The decay width is found to be about 0.006 (0.07, 0.5) MeV at the $d^*$ mass of 2065 (2100, 2150) MeV for input dynamics derived from the Full Bonn potential. The smallness of this width is qualitatively understood as the result of the three-body decay being ``third forbidden''. The concept of $\ell$ forbiddenness and the threshold behavior of a three-body decay are further studied in connection with the $\pi NN$ decay of the dibaryon $d'(J^\pi=0^-, T=0 or 2)$ where the idea of unfavorness has to be introduced. The implications of these results are briefly discussed.Comment: 15 pages, RevTeX, two-column journal style, six figure

Dispersion Relations and Rescattering Effects in B Nonleptonic Decays

Recently, the final state strong interactions in nonleptonic B decays were investigated in a formalism based on hadronic unitarity and dispersion relations in terms of the off-shell mass squared of the $B$ meson. We consider an heuristic derivation of the dispersion relations in the mass variables using the reduction LSZ formalism and find a discrepancy between the spectral function and the dispersive variable used in the recent works. The part of the unitarity sum which describes final state interactions is shown to appear as spectral function in a dispersion relation based on the analytic continuation in the mass squared of one final particles. As an application, by combining this formalism with Regge theory and SU(3) flavour symmetry we obtain constraints on the tree and the penguin amplitudes of the decay $B^0\to \pi^+\pi^-$.Comment: 17 pages, Latex, 2 figure

Hadronic Contributions to the Muon Anomaly in the Constituent Chiral Quark Model

The hadronic contributions to the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon which are relevant for the confrontation between theory and experiment at the present level of accuracy, are evaluated within the same framework: the constituent chiral quark model. This includes the contributions from the dominant hadronic vacuum polarization as well as from the next--to--leading order hadronic vacuum polarization, the contributions from the hadronic light-by-light scattering, and the contributions from the electroweak hadronic $Z\gamma\gamma$ vertex. They are all evaluated as a function of only one free parameter: the constituent quark mass. We also comment on the comparison between our results and other phenomenological evaluations.Comment: Several misprints corrected and a clarifying sentence added. Three figures superposed and two references added. Version to appear in JHE

The Single Photon Annihilation Contributions to the Positronium Hyperfine Splitting to Order meα6m_e\alpha^6

The single photon annihilation contributions for the positronium ground state hyperfine splitting are calculated analytically to order $m_e\alpha^6$ using NRQED. Based on intuitive physical arguments the same result can also be determined by a trivial calculation using results from existing literature. Our result completes the hyperfine splitting calculation to order $m_e\alpha^6$. We compare the theoretical prediction with the most recent experimental measurement.Comment: 8 pages, latex, two eps figures include

Top Quark Pair Production close to Threshold: Top Mass, Width and Momentum Distribution

The complete NNLO QCD corrections to the total cross section $\sigma(e^+e^- \to Z*,\gamma*\to t\bar t)$ in the kinematic region close to the top-antitop threshold are calculated by solving the corresponding Schroedinger equations exactly in momentum space in a consistent momentum cutoff regularization scheme. The corrections coming from the same NNLO QCD effects to the top quark three-momentum distribution $d\sigma/d |\vec k_t|$ are determined. We discuss the origin of the large NNLO corrections to the peak position and the normalization of the total cross section observed in previous works and propose a new top mass definition, the 1S mass M_1S, which stabilizes the peak in the total cross section. If the influence of beamstrahlung and initial state radiation on the mass determination is small, a theoretical uncertainty on the 1S top mass measurement of 200 MeV from the total cross section at the linear collider seems possible. We discuss how well the 1S mass can be related to the $\bar{MS}$ mass. We propose a consistent way to implement the top quark width at NNLO by including electroweak effects into the NRQCD matching coefficients, which then can become complex.Comment: 53 pages, latex; minor changes, a number of typos correcte

The Two-Loop Scale Dependence of the Static QCD Potential including Quark Masses

The interaction potential V(Q^2) between static test charges can be used to define an effective charge $\alpha_V(Q^2)$ and a physically-based renormalization scheme for quantum chromodynamics and other gauge theories. In this paper we use recent results for the finite-mass fermionic corrections to the heavy-quark potential at two-loops to derive the next-to-leading order term for the Gell Mann-Low function of the V-scheme. The resulting effective number of flavors $N_F(Q^2/m^2)$ in the $\alpha_V$ scheme is determined as a gauge-independent and analytic function of the ratio of the momentum transfer to the quark pole mass. The results give automatic decoupling of heavy quarks and are independent of the renormalization procedure. Commensurate scale relations then provide the next-to-leading order connection between all perturbatively calculable observables to the analytic and gauge-invariant $\alpha_V$ scheme without any scale ambiguity and a well defined number of active flavors. The inclusion of the finite quark mass effects in the running of the coupling is compared with the standard treatment of finite quark mass effects in the $\bar{MS}$ scheme.Comment: 27 pages, 13 figure