Hubungan Tingkat Pengetahuan Kesehatan Reproduksi Terhadap Perilaku Seksual Remaja Pada Siswa SMA Di Kecamatan Baturraden Dan Purwokerto

The adolescent's reproduction health is a trend issue in their community and it becomes one of primary project of “BKKBN”. If Adolescence doesn't get right and proper information, they will fall on into negative side from it, such as: free sex, unwanted pregnancy, abortion, and suffer from HIV/AIDS. The purpose of this study was to know the relation between knowledge of adolescent's reproduction health toward adolescent's sexual behavior in student of senior high school around sub district Purwokerto and Baturaden. The population's research was students of six senior high school in sub district Purwokerto and Baturaden. The sample's research was taken from 367 students according inclusive criteria. Data analysis method uses the distribution frequency and Perason Correlation's Statistic test. Result of research: Respondents who have good knowledge category about adolescent's reproduction health is 86, 7%, Respondents who have enough knowledge category is 12%, and Respondents who have least knowledge category 0, 8%. While, the result of grade sexual behavior: Respondents who have good sexual behavior category is 72, 8%, Respondents who have enough sexual behavior category is 24, 2% and Respondents who have least sexual behavior category is 2, 7%. The obtained result of statistic test using Pearson Correlation is r=0,179, p=0,001. It's indicated that there is a meaningful relation between knowledge of adolescent's reproduction health and adolescent's sexual behavio

Identification of Morphometry and Carcass Composition of Local Sheep at Different Growth Rate

Sheep fattening farms have been recently growing rapidly to produce better quality of sheep meat and fullfill consumer's demand. Sheep fattening and breeding farms should be developed proportionally to obtain sustainable sheep flock in the market. Twelve male lambs (less than one year old) were selected based on their average daily gain (ADG), consisting into two groups: 6 fast growing (FG) and 6 slow growing (SG) sheep. Some morphometric parameters in body and head parts of sheep and their carcass production and composition were measured and compared between the groups. The results show that chest circumference, body height, body length, head length and muzzle, top and bottom neck circumferences of FG sheep were significantly higher than in SG sheep (P0.05). It is concluded that selection of fast growing sheep can be recommended by using some morphometric parameters. The selection would not also negatively affect the weight and percentage of carcass composition

Multiple Sexual Partners, Condom Use, and Their Associations with Hiv Infection among Man Who Have Sex with Man in Medan

Background: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) continues to be a major global public health issue, having claimed more than 35 million lives so far. In 2017, 940 000 people died from HIV-related causes globally. There were approximately 36.9 million people living with HIV at the end of 2017 with 1.8 million people becoming newly infected in 2017 globally. Key populations are groups who are at increased risk of HIV irrespective of epidemic type or local context. They include: men who have sex with men, people who inject drugs, people in prisons and other closed settings, sex workers and their clients, and transgender people. This study aimed to examine multiple sexual partners, condom use, and their associations with HIV infection among man who have sex with man (MSM) in Medan, North Sumatera. Subjects and Method: This was a case control study conducted at puskesmas (community health centre) Teladan in Medan, North Sumatera, in May 2018. A sample of 96 MSM was selected for this study. The dependent variable HIV infection. The independent variables were multiple sexual partners and condom use. The HIV status was taken from the medical record. The other data were collected by questionnaire. The data were analyzed by a multiple logistic regression. Results: Multiple sexual partners (OR= 2.93; 95% CI= 1.25 to 6.86; p= 0.022) and no condom use (OR= 2.83; 95% CI= 1.23 to 6.52; p= 0.024) were associated with an increased risk of HIV. Conclusion: Multiple sexual partners and no condom use are associated with an increased risk of HIV. Keywords: HIV, multiple sexual partners, condom use, men who have sex with me

INDONESIA’S READINESS AND CHALLENGE IN IMPLEMENTING ASEAN COMMUNITY PROJECT; ANALYZING OF POLITICS AND SECURITY ASPECTS

This paper aims to explain Indonesia\u27s readiness and challenges in implementing the ASEAN Community Project. ASEAN Community has been running for more than one year, since 2015. ASEAN Community as part of the regionalization process is intended as a way to enhance cooperation and unity among ASEAN countries. However, the process requires the readiness of a country in various aspects, one of which is the security and political conditions of a country. Using a political security approach, this paper seeks to address Indonesia\u27s readiness and challenges in implementing this ASEAN Community. Based on the findings, this paper concludes two points; Firstly, Indonesia is facing many challenges both internally and externally, especially in an effort to give the protection and guaranty at the level of individuals associated with human rights issues. Some challenges can be seen from the increasing restricted civil liberties, intolerance action, and the use of threat of some groups in many areas. Secondly, as the first consequence, Indonesia\u27s political and security situation is internally unstable in which causes a divided society and a stagnant democracy. This condition implicitly describes the condition of Indonesia\u27s readiness and challenges in implementing the ASEAN Community project. Keywords: Political and Security, Democracy, Readiness, Challenge, ASEAN Communit

Fungal Population and Aflatoxin Contamination on Stored Gamma-Irradiated Nutmeg (Myristica fragrans) Kernels

A study on the effectivenessof gamma irradiation at doses of 5 and 10 kGy on fungal population, Aspergillus flavus strains, and aflatoxin B1 contamination on stored nutmeg kernels was conducted. The kernels were collected from seeds in a period of one week from the ground at North Sulawesi Province, Indonesia.Dried shelled kernels with ±10 %moisture content, packed in polyethylene bags at 2.1 kg/bag, were irradiated at 5 and 10 kGy and stored at ambient temperature (28°C) for 2 and 4 months. Kernel moisture content, fungal population, and aflatoxin B1 were determined before and after irradiation, and after 2 and 4 months of storage. Results showed that fungal population was reduced with the increasing irradiation dose. Five species of fungi were isolated, i.e., Aspergillus flavus, A. niger, Cladosporium cladosporioides, Eurotium chevalieri, and Penicillium citrinum. A total of twelve A. flavus strains were isolated, five strains from unirradiated kernels and five and two strains from irradiated kernels at doses 5 and 10 kGy, respectively. Among these strains, 58 % were capable of producing L sclerotia and 25 % were identified as toxigenic. Kernel moisture during storage was 7.3 % and no aflatoxin B1 was detected before and after irradiation, and after2 and 4 months of storage duration

Associations of Contact History, Smoking Status, Nutrition Status, and Arv Treatment, with Tb-Hiv Co-Infection among People with Hiv/Aids

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) and HIV co-infection causes a heavy burden on health care systems and poses particular diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Studies into predictors of TB-HIV co-infection is lacking in Indonesia. This study aimed to examine the associations of contact history, smoking status, nutrition status, and ARV treatment, with TB-HIV co-infection among people with HIV/AIDS. Subjects and Method: This was a cross sectional study conducted in Balige, North Sumatera. A sample of 82 people living with HIV/AIDS were selected for this study, comprising 41 cases with and 41 controls without TB-HIV co-infection. The dependent variable was TB-HIV co-infection. The independent variables were contact history, smoking status, nutrition status, and ARV treatment. The data on HIV/AIDS co-infection were taken from the medical record at HKBP Committee HIV/AIDS service in Balige. Other variables were measured by questionnaire. Data were analyzed by multiple logistic regression. Results: 82.9% of sample had no contact history, 56.1% had poor nutrition status, 78% were smokers, and 58.5% had irregular ARV treatment. TB-HIV coinfection increased with poor nutrition status (OR= 3.48; p= 0.014), smoking status (OR= 3.39; p= 0.021), and irregular ARV treatment (OR= 10.16; p<0.001). Conclusion: TB-HIV co-infection increases with poor nutrition status, smoking status, and irregular ARV treatment. Keywords: TB-HIV co-infection, nutrition status, smoking status, ARV treatment

TOURISM BRANDING IN ASEAN COUNTRIES

We know ASEAN motto is one vision, one identity, one community. For the purpose of ASEAN tourism, ASEAN using the tagline feel the warmth. Not only ASEAN trying to promote the tourism in the community but also each country in ASEAN has their own tourism slogan. Namely Brunei (Brunei, The Green Heart of Borneo, The Kingdom of Unexpected Treasures), Cambodia (Kingdom of Wonder), Indonesia (Wonderful Indonesia), Laos (Simply Beautiful), Malaysia (Malaysia Truly Asia), Myanmar (Mystical Myanmar), Philippines (It’s More Fun in the Philippines), Singapore (Your Singapore), Thailand (Amazing Thailand, Always Amazes You), Vietnam (The Timeless Charm). According to Kotler (2008) brand is a name, term, sign, symbol or design or a combination of them, intended to identify the goods or services of one seller of a group the of seller and to differentiate them from those of competitors. In 1965 Association for Better New York launched campaign “The Big Apple”. It was J FitzGerald a reporter in Morning Telegraph who started using the word The Big Apple in 1920. After the campaign New York had shown the significant increasing tourist number. Now days there are a lot of cities in famous country also using the branding too promote it tourism. Not only in developing country but also in develop country such as France, England, USA and others. This paper is trying to explain how city branding has been developing in almost all ASEAN country. But we will focusing on city branding in Indonesia. Literature study is used for this research. Keywords: branding, tourism, Asea