Sulfonation of arylamines : Part VII-Kinetics of thermal decomposition of tetramethyldianilinium sulfates

590-59

FACTORS INFLUENCING ADHERENCE TO IMATINIB IN INDIAN CHRONIC MYELOID LEUKEMIA PATIENTS: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

Adherence to imatinib(IM) is of utmost importance in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia(CML) to maximise treatment effectiveness. The main objective is to measure adherence to    IM & to evaluate individual patient characteristics, personal, treatment related &                    psychological factors influencing adherence behaviour. Hundred patients  receiving IM were analysed for adherence behaviour using 9 item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale              (9-MMAS) . Various factors were assessed for their impact on adherence behaviour.  These   factors were age, gender, duration of treatment, frequency & dosing of treatment, use  of        tobacco & alcohol, educational qualification,employment status,monthly  income, side effects, financial assistance in treatment, social support, knowledge about medicine & disease,         concomitant drug burden, polypharmacy, physician patient interaction, patient  educational    sessions & prevalence of depression. Seventy five percent of patients were found to be           adherent. On univariate analysis, prevalence of depression (p<0.000001), moderate severe     depression (p<0.000001), concomitant drug burden (p=0.036) & monthly income (p=0.015) were found to be significantly influencing adherence. The final multivariate model retained   prevalence of depression with OR= 10.367  (95% CI, 3.112- 34.538) as independent predictor of adherence to therapy. This study suggests that identification & treatment of depression among CML patients may further enhance adherence to IM therapy. Keywords: Chronic Myeloid Leukemia, Adherence, Imatinib, Nine Item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale, Patient Health Questionnaire -9

Sulfonation of arylamines: Part II-Preparation and thermal decomposition of ring-substituted arylammonium hydrogen sulfates

229-232<span style="font-size:14.5pt;mso-bidi-font-size:8.5pt; font-family:" times="" new="" roman";mso-fareast-font-family:"times="" roman";="" mso-ansi-language:en-us;mso-fareast-language:en-us;mso-bidi-language:ar-sa"="">Eight ring-substituted aryl ammonium hydrogen sulfates (RSAHS) have been prepared by reacting corresponding arylamine with excess of conc. H<span style="font-size:11.5pt;mso-bidi-font-size:5.5pt;font-family:Arial;mso-fareast-font-family: " times="" new="" roman";mso-ansi-language:en-us;mso-fareast-language:en-us;="" mso-bidi-language:ar-sa"="">2<span style="font-size:14.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size:8.5pt;font-family:" times="" new="" roman";mso-fareast-font-family:="" "times="" roman";mso-ansi-language:en-us;mso-fareast-language:en-us;="" mso-bidi-language:ar-sa"="">SO4<span style="font-size:11.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size:5.5pt;font-family:Arial;mso-fareast-font-family:" times="" new="" roman";="" mso-ansi-language:en-us;mso-fareast-language:en-us;mso-bidi-language:ar-sa"="">. Their thermal decomposition has been investigated by TG and DSC techniques. The decomposition pathways have also been suggested.</span

Sulfonation of arylamines Part 9 - Solid state synthesis of <span style="mso-bidi-font-style:italic">di<i>-ortho </i>ring substituted <span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-IN;mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA" lang="EN-IN">aminobenzenesulfonic acids</span></span>

1114-1117Di-ortho ring substituted arylammonium sulfates (Di-o-RSAS) have been prepared from the corresponding arylamines by treatment with cone. H2SO4 and characterized by elemental, gravimetric and spectral analyses. These sulfates yield the corresponding ring substituted aminobenzenesulfonic acids (RSABSA) when subjected to thermal energy. Non-isothermal gravimetric studies on di-o-RSAS support the formation of RSABSA. It is observed that most of the salts undergo transformation to acid in solid state via proton transfer reaction prior to sulfonation.</span

<span style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:115%; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US; mso-fareast-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA">Sulfonation of arylamine Part-5 : Preparation and thermal decomposition of di-<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">m</i>-chloroanilinium sulfate</span>

334-338<span style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:115%; font-family:" calibri","sans-serif";mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:="" "times="" new="" roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:="" minor-latin;mso-bidi-font-family:"times="" roman";mso-ansi-language:en-us;="" mso-fareast-language:en-us;mso-bidi-language:ar-sa"="">White crystalline solid of di-m-chloroanilinium sulfate (di-m-CIAS) was obtained when m-chloroaniline and cone sulfuric acid were mixed together in the ratio of 1:1 or 2: 1 at room temperature. Thermal decomposition of di-m-C1AS gave two isomeric chloro aminobenzene sulfonic acids (sulfonated products) and kinetics for the same was evaluated using both isothermal and non-isothermal TG data. Di-m-C1AS seems to decompose by N-H bond heterolysis prior to sulfonation.</span

Role of proton transfer reactions in the thermolysis of alkyl and arylammonium salts

1-9The thermolysis of nitrate, perchlorate, sulfate and chloride salts of various alkyl and arylamines have been reviewed in the present article. The mechanistic aspects of thermal decomposition have been described critically. It has been observed that proton transfer reactions do play a major role during the thermolysis of these salts

Study of clinical characteristics, risk factors and outcomes for tuberculosis post allogeneic stem cell transplant: never count it out

Background: Allogeneic stem cell transplant (AlloSCT) recipients remain at a higher risk of developing tuberculosis (TB), especially in endemic populations. We conducted a retrospective study to identify the incidence, clinical presentation, and risk factors for active TB among our alloSCT recipients. Methods: Records of all patients transplanted between 1 January 2012 and 31 July 2020 were reviewed. Patients were followed up for outcome until 30 September 2020. None of the patients received prophylactic anti-tubercular drugs. Proven diagnosis of active TB was considered if Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) was cultured from clinical samples or acid-fast bacilli (AFB) or MTB demonstrated on Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN) staining or histopathology or XPERT MTB, while probable diagnosis of TB was considered if histopathology findings were suggestive of caseation necrosis/epithelioid cell granulomas without any evidence of malignancy or lymphocyte rich exudative effusions (pleural/pericardial) without an alternative cause. Results: Among 381 alloSCT recipients, 15 patients (3.9%) developed TB at median of 246 (74–279) days post AlloSCT, after being symptomatic for a median of 22 (7–60) days, amounting to a cumulative incidence of 4.9%. All patients were started on four-drug anti tubercular therapy, ATT [Rifampicin, Isoniazid, Ethambutol, Pyrazinamide (RHEZ)], of which five patients developed hepatotoxicity at a median of 12 days after start of ATT, leading to drug modification. At last follow up, TB was cured in 13 (86.67%) patients, one succumbed to disease relapse, while others are still on treatment. Age ⩾ 30 years, immunosuppression for graft versus host disease (GvHD) > 6 months, prior use of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) and chronic GvHD on univariate analysis and immunosuppression for GvHD > 6 months on multivariate analysis were found to be associated with development of TB. Conclusion: A high index of suspicion with timely workup and treatment of TB is the key in AlloSCT recipients, especially in endemic TB populations