Associations of HLA-DP Variants with Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Southern and Northern Han Chinese Populations: A Multicenter Case-Control Study

) locus has been reported to be associated with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in populations of Japan and Thailand. We aimed to examine whether the association can be replicated in Han Chinese populations. = 0.097∼0.697 and 0.198∼0.615 in northern Chinese population, respectively). loci were strongly associated with HBV infection in southern and northern Han Chinese populations, but not with HBV progression

Looking for the Green Future of Sustainable City: A Broad Perspective on Ecology Urban Design

Contemporary urban living environment design and construction process are facing lots of ecological issues. It needs us to find a new perspective and efficient design approach which can become the bridge or link between special form and optimized function structure, natural and human resources protection, traffic and physical environment improvement, landuse saving and energy sustainability, landscape environment and behavior system design, etc. Based on Urban Design subject, Ecological Urban Design regards special environment system as research object, uses Ecology principles for reference, harmonizes relationship of natural and built environment and urban inhabitant, and becomes an important method and theory to adjust urban special environment ecology. For promoting Ecology Urban Design theory developing, it is necessary to create a research and practice platform for Urban Design and Ecology. Meanwhile, we need not only absorb foreign experiences, but also recognize our country objective condition and demand, explore Chinese Ecological Urban Design theory and practice. It has an important meaning to build up our country living ecological environment and develop local Urban Design theories. ? 2010 IEEE.EI

Correlations between ASCC3 Gene Polymorphisms and Chronic Hepatitis B in a Chinese Han Population

<div><p>We have previously identified 8 SNPs in Han Chinese HBV carriers that are associated with disease progression. Although not well studied, genetic factors may also play a significant role in developing chronic HBV disease after exposure. We extend the effect of these eight SNPs on persistent HBV infection in this study. A total of 875 unrelated Han Chinese, 493 chronic hepatitis B subjects (CHB) and 382 HBV clearance individuals (Clear), were recruited from Hubei Province from September 2007 to March 2010. SNPs were verified by using TaqMan 7900HT Sequence Detection System. By using multiple logistic regression analysis, each of the 8 SNP associations was tested using 3 different genetic models (Dominant, Recessive and Additive model), in 4 types of analyses (full sample, men, women, age stratified). A Bonferroni correction was used to account for multiple statistical tests for each SNP association (P<0.05/8 = 0.0063). A significant correlation was observed at SNP rs10485138 located in ASCC3 gene in female patients (OR, 0.445; 95% CI, 0.253–0.784; <i>P</i> = 0.005). Females bearing C allele infected by HBV had an increased susceptibility to CHB compared with those T allele carriers. Our results indicated that SNP rs10485138 located in ASCC3 gene was associated with persistent HBV infection in Han Chinese.</p></div

Stratification analysis for age ≥ 35 years between Clear and CHB.

<p>SNP: single nucleotide polymorphisms, Clear: spontaneously recovered individuals with history of HBV infection, CHB: chronic hepatitis B patients. P values, ORs and 95% CIs were calculated by multiple logistic regression adjusting for gender; - means differences could not be detected.</p><p>^a means additive model: the first genotype/the second genotype</p><p>^bmeans additive model: the first genotype/the third genotype</p><p>^cmeans recessive model: the first genotype/the second +the third genotype</p><p>^dmeans allele model.</p><p>Stratification analysis for age ≥ 35 years between Clear and CHB.</p

Association of SNP rs10485138 with HBeAg status inCHB group.

<p>^aadditive model TT/TC</p><p>^badditive model TT/CC</p><p>^crecessive model TT/TT+TC</p><p>^ddominant model TT+TC/CC. Multiple logistic regression under three genetic models with adjustment for gender and age was used to test P value, OR and 95%CI.</p><p>Association of SNP rs10485138 with HBeAg status inCHB group.</p

Association results for SNPs between Clear and CHB patients.

<p>SNP: single nucleotide polymorphisms, Clear: spontaneously recovered individuals with history of HBV infection, CHB: chronic hepatitis B patients. P values, ORs and 95% CIs were calculated by multiple logistic regression adjusting for gender and age; - means differences could not be detected.</p><p>^a means additive model: the first genotype/the second genotype</p><p>^bmeans additive model: the first genotype/the third genotype</p><p>^cmeans recessive model: the first genotype/the second +the third genotype</p><p>^dmeans allele model.</p><p>Association results for SNPs between Clear and CHB patients.</p

Stratification analysis for sex between Clear and CHB in female patients.

<p>SNP: single nucleotide polymorphisms, Clear: spontaneously recovered individuals with history of HBV infection, CHB: chronic hepatitis B patients. P values, ORs and 95% CIs were calculated by multiple logistic regression adjusting for age; - means differences could not be detected.</p><p>^a means additive model: the first genotype/the second genotype</p><p>^bmeans additive model: the first genotype/the third genotype</p><p>^cmeans recessive model: the first genotype/the second +the third genotype</p><p>^dmeans allele model.</p><p>Stratification analysis for sex between Clear and CHB in female patients.</p