3 research outputs found

    Monitorowanie zanieczyszczenia 艣rodowiska za pomoc膮 cienkich elektrod metalowych przygotowanych przez fizyczne osadzanie z fazy gazowej

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    This work is focused on environmental pollution monitoring utilizing thin metal electrodes on glassy/ceramic substrates prepared by physical vapour deposition. Besides others, it is well known that environmental pollution on electrical insulation is one of the problems faced by distribution utilities and electricity transmission system. Due to this reason there is a need to deal with monitoring of environmental pollution as it strongly influences their capability to withstand the high-voltage stress without the breakdown. It is the aim of present work to propose new system for environmental pollution monitoring based on application of extra-thin metal electrodes. The influence of morphology and chemical composition of pollutants on the surface resistance and conductivity of selected insulators is also discussed.Artyku艂 dotyczy monitorowania zanieczyszczenia 艣rodowiska za pomoc膮 cienkich elektrod metalowych na szklanych/ceramicznych pod艂o偶ach przygotowanych przez fizyczne osadzanie z fazy gazowej. Widomym jest, 偶e zanieczyszczenie 艣rodowiska odpadami izolacji elektrycznej jest jednym z problem贸w, przed kt贸rymi stoj膮 firmy dystrybucyjne i system przesy艂u energii elektrycznej. Z tego powodu istnieje potrzeba monitorowania zanieczyszczenia 艣rodowiska, poniewa偶 ma to du偶y wp艂yw niezawodno艣膰 sieci wysokiego napi臋cia i jej awaryjno艣膰. Celem przedstawionych prac jest zaproponowanie nowego systemu monitorowania zanieczyszczenia 艣rodowiska w oparciu o zastosowanie bardzo cienkich elektrod metalowych. Om贸wiono tak偶e wp艂yw morfologii i sk艂adu chemicznego zanieczyszcze艅 na rezystancj臋 powierzchniow膮 i przewodnictwo wybranych izolator贸w

    Direct observation of electric field induced pattern formation and particle aggregation in ferrofluids

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    Ferrofluids typically respond to magnetic fields and can be manipulated by external magnetic fields. Here, we report on formation of visually observable patterns in a diluted low-polarity ferrofluid exposed to external electric fields. This presents a specific type of ferrofluid structure driven by a combined effect of electrohydrodynamics and electrical body forces. The free charge and permittivity variation are considered to play a key role in the observed phenomenon. The corresponding changes in the ferrofluid structure have been found at nanoscale as well. By small-angle neutron scattering (SANS), we show that the magnetic nanoparticles aggregate in direct current (dc) electric field with a strong dependence on the field intensity. The anisotropic aggregates preferably orient in the direction of the applied electric field. Conducting SANS experiments with alternating current (ac) electric fields of various frequencies, we found a critical frequency triggering the aggregation process. Our experimental study could open future applications of ferrofluids based on insulating liquids
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