Hodnocení vlivu pojezdů mechanizačních prostředků na utužení půdy v meziřadí vinic =:Evaluation of the impact of mechanical means on soil compaction in vineyards. /

The dissertation thesis deals with the evaluation of the influence of the movements of the mechanization devices on soil compaction in grassed and cultivated vineyard between the lines after application of graded doses of organic matter (compost). This question was verified using penetrometer measurements. For the purpose of experimentation were selected in the vineyard region of South Moravia three experimental habitats with different soil conditions (Lednice, Velké Bílovice, Mikulov). In the autumn of 2013, the application of compost to the cultivated intercooler took place in doses of 5 and 10 kg.m-2. Penetrations measurements for each experimental site were carried out in four variants (grassed between the lines, cultivated between the lines, cultivated between the lines with application of 5 kg.m-2 and cultivated between the lines with application of 10 kg.m-2). Individual measurements were performed using a Eijelkamp penetrometer, which works at an accuracy of 99.9 % and its working depth is 800 mm. At the same time, soil samples were removed to determine the current soil moisture. Based on the measurements, high values of soil compaction were found for all monitored habitats. At the same time, the positive effect of the organic mass produced in the form of compost on the total soil compaction was demonstrated, which was 20 % lower in autumn 2016 than in the autumn of 2013. The worst was the period of spring 2014 and autumn 2015. The highest values of penetrometric resistance of the soil were measured from the rule for grassed between the lines. On the contrary, the lowest values were measured for the variant of the cultivated between the lines with the application of 10 kg.m-2. The parts of the dissertation are also the results of the evaluation of pressure transmissions using the TASC program and the results of the tire imprint

The Monitoring of Soil Properties in the Interrow of Vineyards

The paper deals with the problems of evaluating of chosen chemical and physical properties of soil in between vineyards that are managed by various mechanization. Measuring was undertaken in viticulture region of South Moravia, at two experimental sites in Mikulov district. Soil surface between rows of vines is managed by regular cultivation (plow, disc cultivator) to a depth of 30–70 mm in the form of a black fallow. On each of vineyards is used a different type of energy resource to carry out working operations – New Holland TN 75 V, a multifunction carrier PELLENC OPTIMUM. While driving in between vine rows, the two machines in completely different tracks, which significantly influences the properties of the soil and its consolidation. The soil samples were analyzed for determining the soil structure, physical and chemical properties, whereby evaluated were also the mechanical properties of the soil profile in the inter-row using Penetrometry. The average structural coefficient in both variants ranged from 0.96 to 2.42. Soil with values ​​lower than 1.0 is below the structural stability, thus reducing the quality of the soil environment in terms of both physical and chemical properties. The resulting values ​​of density of the soil at both sites are between 1.35 to 1.52 g.cm−3, which also shows its unsatisfactory condition. Penetration resistance of soil located in the tire tracks on both sites values ​​from 2.7 to 2.9 MPa, which according to the scale of classes determined by (Arshad, 1996), corresponds with high values. The distribution of soil penetration resistance on soil maps show that in terms of the implementation of mechanized operations, it is preferable to use the portal carrier