Emolehmien ruokintakertojen vähentäminen ei tuo suuria säästöjä

Emolehmillä ruokintakertoja vähentämällä pyritään säästämään työkustannuksia ja siten parantamaan tuotannon taloudellista tulosta. Tutkittujen työmenekkien perusteella emolehmien ruokinta joka kolmas päivä pienensi kokonaistyökustannusta noin viidenneksen verrattuna päivittäiseen ruokintaan. Saavutetut säästöt eivät vaikuta kovin paljon emolehmätilan taloudelliseen kokonaistulokseen, mutta harvennetun ruokinnan tarjoamat muut edut voivat olla kustannussäästöjä oleellisempia.vo

We're not a gang, we're a group : A micro-ethnographic study on the roles of football, religion and community in the work with youth delinquency in Panama City

The purpose of this study was to understand what, according to social workers and people with criminal backgrounds in Panama, contributes to change in criminal behaviour amongst delinquent youth with focusing on projects using football, religion and community as changing means. The empirical data was collected according to micro-ethnographical requirements and consisted of twelve hours of observations, seven interviews and additional information through web pages and brochures. The results were analysed through the theories of Social Identity by Richard Jenkins and the Symbolic construction of Community by Anthony P. Cohen. The study showed on a number of important aspects that contribute to change with football, religion an community as primary means. Factors such as a sense of belonging in a setting of relationships, an identity through self-esteem and social recognition and leaders with ’the right kind of experience’ were identified as contributors to change. The roles that football, religion and community play generate different consequences depending on what level they are analysed at. The study also highlights the tensions between pro social activities and anti social ones, such as gang memberships, - the social phenomena and what is appealing with the different groups are not very different, it is built upon the same foundations

A mixed methods approach to urban ecosystem services: experienced environmental quality and its role in ecosystem assessment within an inner-city estate

This paper contributes to the notion of ecosystem services (ES) and dis-services (EDS) through an exploration of how they are experienced in an inner-city neighbourhood. We contrast the findings of a science-led assessment with qualitative interview and visual data from the residents of the Woodberry Down Estate (London, UK). We use the ontology of co-production and co-construction to understand how material and interpretative factors condition the translation of identified service-providing units (SPUs) into directly experienced ES and EDS. Findings demonstrate that aspects contributing to the perceived liveability of a neighbourhood also condition the experienced ES and EDS. In our case study, the history of the estate translates into subjective feelings of safety which influence whether individuals access parts of the regenerated estate. While the regeneration project provides a broad range of new and improved SPUs with significant ES potential, the access and recreational functions these offer are especially appreciated for the increased opportunities for social interaction and visitors they provide. However, new SPUs such as landscape vistas and formal gardens that attract people are also assigned further significance as markers of new divisions among social housing residents. We suggest that in order to realise the much-prophesised health and wellbeing benefits of urban ES in an equitable manner, a science-led approach to designing and assessing potential ES should be accompanied by a context-sensitive assessment of community needs and liveability aspects

Interrogating sustainable productivism: lessons from the ‘Almerían miracle’

Many have suggested that a new form of sustainable agricultural productivism is needed in response to the challenges to food security posed by climate change and population growth. This paper employs elements of ecological modernisation theory and focusses on sustainability challenges and solutions, as well as the knowledge networks and production rationale to assess whether the intensive horticultural industry located in the Spanish province of Almería represents sustainable productivism. The Almerían horticultural industry, lauded as an example of neo-endogenous growth, manifests a range of sustainable technologies addressing environmental impacts. Yet, we argue that Almerían horticulture represents ‘weak ecological modernisation’ and its main sustainability challenges are posed by water scarcity, a demand led production rationale and the precarious situation of family farms that at present provide a degree of economic embeddedness in this highly industrialised production model. A competitive imperative yields marketing organisations huge sway in production decision-making, and while a cost-price squeeze has driven efficiency in the use of farm inputs and product innovation, it has paradoxically made further advances in sustainable water management very difficult to achieve. Transforming the Almerían horticultural industry into a truly sustainable model of productivism would require the concerted efforts of individual farmers and marketing organisations as well as regional and local water governance institutions and land use planning. A significant obstacle to this remains the dominant normative perception that justifies groundwater abstraction on the grounds of its high economic returns and the perceived inability of small farmers to invest in desalinated water or further technological solutions

Navigating CIMIC:lessons from military-local government cooperation

Abstract. Military organizations have been involved with crisis management processes in numerous occasions ranging from war to natural disasters and humanitarian aid. Recent crises, like COVID-19 pandemic have increased the military involvement in crisis management. COVID-19 pandemic brough Finnish Border Guard operations at the normally open Schengen border at Tornio, between Finland and Sweden. The cooperation between the local government and the Finnish Border Guard can be considered as a successful Civil-Military Cooperation (CIMIC) as both organizations representatives interviewed for this study reported being satisfied with the outcome. Similarly, the Russo-Ukrainian War has challenged the Ukrainian society on a major scale since the Russian Federation launched a full-scale invasion in 2022. As the war has escalated into a total war involving the entire Ukrainian society, the CIMIC environment is exceptionally demanding. This study focuses on identifying the key elements of successful cooperation between military organizations and local government and attempts to construct a model based on these elements. This study also showcases the difficulties experienced with CIMIC operations in Ukraine, between a Territorial Defense Forces (TDF) and local government of the city of Vyšhorod. The study utilizes semi-structured interviews to provide better understanding of the nature of practical CIMIC applications in the studied cases. The empirical data is complemented with non-systematic literature review to show the key elements of CIMIC identified by prior literature. The research shows that long lasting relationship between the Finnish Border Guard and the municipality of Tornio enabled the organizations to have a joint crisis management operation and effectively coordinate in demanding situations. Representatives of both organizations credit the personal relationships between officials as a key component in successfully cooperating in crisis, but also recognize the importance of organizational partnership. In contrast, the lack of existing relationship and experience in working together caused substantial difficulties in enabling CIMIC in Ukraine by TDF and the city of Vyšhorod. Without proper knowledge on other organizations capabilities and needs, it is proved to be difficult to engage in meaningful cooperation. Also, based on experiences in Ukraine and previous academic literature, inefficient or unsuccessful cooperation between the civil society and the military can risk military overreach in a crisis. Besides continuous collaboration before a crisis, the research shows the need and benefits in upholding responsibilities and positions of each organization and person in a crisis and maintaining a continuous communication among organizations and actors participating in the crisis management. Together these elements form a resilient operational model of CIMIC that can be utilized to improve the cooperation capabilities of military organizations and local governments