Providing Infectious Disease Information to Child-Rearing Families and Its Evaluation

Background: Earlier study without actual trial indicated that caregivers needed delivery of information about outbreak situations independently of their job status. This report describes, for about two months in winter, actual delivery outbreak information to families with preschool children. The study objective was to confirm the usefulness of this information delivery. Method: Participants receiving outbreak information were recruited from the Child Care Support Service in a ward in Tokyo, Japan. Outbreak information was obtained from the Nursery School Absenteeism Surveillance System (NSASSy) covering approximately 40% of all nursery schools in Japan, prescription surveillance and other resources. Delivery of outbreak information started in December 2017 and ceased at the end of February in 2018. After the delivery period, a questionnaire survey was administered to participants. Results: For this area, NSASSy showed the most dominant disease was influenza, with 707 patients, followed by group A streptococcal pharyngitis with 98 patients. The outbreak peak was inferred to be as Monday, 22 January, and it was announced by e-mail on 23 January. Of the 202 persons joined this trial, 60 participants responded to the questionnaire survey after the delivery period. Of those respondents, 98% wanted delivery of that information to continue. Conclusion: We found that almost all respondents confirmed usefulness of the information about infectious diseases which was delivered

Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Descending Colon: Report of a Case and Literature Review

It is very rare that squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) arises from colorectal epithelium. An 89-year-old man was treated in 2001 with chief complaints of anorexia, abdominal pain, and low grade fever. The histological diagnosis as SCC was determined by biopsy during a colonoscopy. We diagnosed primary SCC of the colon because except in the colon no malignant lesions were found by systemic CT. Surgical complete resection was performed. However, he died three months after surgical resection because of hepatic metastasis and cachexia. The prognosis of this disease seems to be worse than that of adenocarcinoma

GSRS ガ リックンシトウ ニヨル ショウカキ ショウジョウ ノ QOL カイゼン ノ ヒョウカ ニ ユウヨウ デアッタ 1レイ

We report here an effective case of Rikkunshi-to（TJ-43）for who had gastrointestinal symptoms,nausea and diarrhea, and a usefulness of GSRS for evaluation of quality of life（QOL）ingastrointestinal symptoms. A 78 year-old male developed nausea and vomitting, and was foundwith a well to moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma of the rectum（Ra, type2, cT2, cN0, cM0,cStageⅡ）. He would be done with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy following transverse colostomy.However, he had heart burn and diarrhea after colostomy. Rikkunshi-to improved thesesymptoms. In GSRS, pre-and post-treatment of the total score decreased 3.9 to 2.0. The GSRS isa good relationship to QOL in gastrointestinal symptoms

Effects of voluntary event cancellation and school closure as countermeasures against COVID-19 outbreak in Japan

BACKGROUND: To control the COVID-19 outbreak in Japan, sports and entertainment events were canceled and schools were closed throughout Japan from February 26 through March 19. That policy has been designated as voluntary event cancellation and school closure (VECSC). OBJECT: This study assesses VECSC effectiveness based on predicted outcomes. METHODS: A simple susceptible–infected–recovered model was applied to data of patients with symptoms in Japan during January 14 through March 26. The respective reproduction numbers for periods before VECSC (R0), during VECSC (Re), and after VECSC (Ra) were estimated. RESULTS: Results suggest R0 before VECSC as 2.534 [2.449, 2.598], Re during VECSC as 1.077 [0.948, 1.228], and Ra after VECSC as 4.455 [3.615, 5.255]. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Results demonstrated that VECSC can reduce COVID-19 infectiousness considerably, but after VECSC, the value of the reproduction number rose to exceed 4.0

Video event data recording of a taxi driver used for diagnosis of epilepsy

A video event data recorder (VEDR) in a motor vehicle records images before and after a traffic accident. This report describes a taxi driver whose seizures were recorded by VEDR, which was extremely useful for the diagnosis of epilepsy. The patient was a 63-year-old right-handed Japanese male taxi driver. He collided with a streetlight. Two years prior to this incident, he raced an engine for a long time while parked. The VEDR enabled confirmation that the accidents depended on an epileptic seizure and he was diagnosed with symptomatic localization-related epilepsy. The VEDR is useful not only for traffic accident evidence; it might also contribute to a driver's health care and road safety