電子レンジによるじゃがいもの調理性と食味について

電子レンジを用いて加熱したじゃがいもの調理性や食味について調べ従来の加熱法と比較検討し,二次的調理操作とのつながりをもとに電子レンジの効果的使用法についても考察を加えた。(1)じゃがいもを電子レンジで加熱する場合の形状は加熱時間および食味に関係し,丸のままの加熱が食味良く,形状が細分化されるにつれ加熱時間は短縮されるが食味の低下をまねく。(2)電子レンジ加熱では水煮形式(B)において従来法(A)と同程度の粉ふき状態のものが得られた。しかし塩化ビニリデンフィルム被覆(C)は水分蒸発現象が表面を硬化させ粉ふき状態は著しく劣った。官能検査ではA-C, B-C間に有意差を認めA-B間には差は認められず,(C)は粉ふきいもの前処理としては不適であった。(3)マッシュ操作の難易度をその仕事量(W)で比較すると従来法(A)1に対し,電子レンジ加熱の(B)は1.72,(C)は2.97を要した。(C")の過剰加熱となるとマッシュ操作は更に困難となり残査量も多い。マッシュ時に大きな力が加わると細胞膜の破壊も進み粘性も増大する。(4)マッシュポテトの粘性を懸濁液の沈降体積から推測するとA<B<Cの順に高く,塩化ビニリデンフィルム被覆の電子レンジ加熱が最も高い粘性を示した。(5)マッシュポテトの官能検査では,水っぽさ,色の項目についてA-C, B-C間に有意差が認められ,いずれも水煮形式のものが低い評価となった。総合評価では塩化ビニリデンフィルムで被覆した電子レンジ加熱(C)が最も高く評価された。前記の粘性が食味の上に影響を与えていない結果となったが今回は漉されたままのマッシュポテトを試料としたためと考えられる。マッシュポテトの場合は更につぎの段階で混ぜる,練る,液状にのばす等の調理操作が加わることが多いが,加熱法別のマッシュポテトの調理性を知りこれらの調理条件にあった前処理加熱法を行うことが望まれる

Microtremor H/V spectrum at each observation point along survey lines across the Kanda (Zenpukuji) and Furukawa (Shibuya) River valleys, Tokyo, central Japan.

File 1. Microtremor H/V spectrum at each observation point along survey lines across the Kanda (Zenpukuji) and Furukawa (Shibuya) River valleys, Tokyo, central Japan.  File 2. Observation points.</div

Original Paper: Detection of Late Pleistocene tephras and cryptotephras using major element chemistry of glass shards from Chikyu C9001C cores, NW Pacific Ocean

We reinvestigated tephra and cryptotephra stratigraphy of the Late Pleistocene deep-sea C9001C cores collected during the D/V Chikyu shakedown cruise. We identified 26 glass shard concentration horizons (spikes) corresponding to four previously reported tephras (G1, G2, G3, and G4 from top to bottom). We newly found three visible tephras and 19 nonvisible cryptotephras (G0.0-0.9, G1.1-1.4, G2.1-2.5, and G3.1-3.3). We newly correlated spike G0.2 with the Towada-Hachinohe (To-H: MIS 1/2, 15 ka), G0.5 with the Towada-Biscuit 2 (To-BP2: MIS 2, 18 ka), G1.1 with the Komagatake-i (39 ka), G1.2 with the Kutcharo-Shoro (MIS 3, 40 ka), and G3.3 with the Sambe-Kisuki (MIS 5c, 100 ka) tephras. Spikes G2.2, G2.3, and G2.4 may correlate with the Towada tephra series (seven correlative candidates), spike G3.1 with an Ontake volcano tephra (MIS 5b-5c), and spike G3.2 with the Towada-Castera or Towada-Aosuji (both MIS 5b-5d) tephra. We classified spike G0.1 as reworked materials of the underlying spike G0.2 (To-H), and the combinations of spikes G0.3 and G0.4 and of G0.8 and G0.9 as the result of repeated reworking of the underlying spikes G0.5 (To-BP2) and G1 (To-Of), respectively. We also classified spikes G1.3 and G1.4 as reworked mixtures of Shikotsu-1 tephra with glass shards from other tephras. The upward decrease of the glass shard populations above spikes G3 and G4 is interpreted as indicating immediate reworking of the tephras after initial emplacement. Whether or not a marine tephra is preserved depends on depositional and post-depositional processes and not simply on the eruptive volume or the distance from source. Nevertheless, cryptotephras recognized by glass shard concentration horizons in marine cores can provide additional datum planes and contribute to marine tephrostratigraphy

Successful use of linezolid for refractory Mycobacterium abcessus infection: A case report

A 51-year-old male patient was receiving treatment for Mycobacterium abscessus infection for approximately 10 years. However, as his condition gradually progressed to type II respiratory insufficiency, he was referred to our hospital, which was near his home. Computed tomography on his first visit revealed an abscess in the right lower lobe. Because respiratory insufficiency was evident, he was admitted the same day. We began treatment with meropenem, amikacin, and clarithromycin, but his symptoms did not improve. In accordance with the 2007 American Thoracic Society/Infectious Diseases Society of America statement, we administered linezolid, which resulted in gradual improvement in his physical status and imaging findings. Keywords: Nontuberculous mycobacterium, Mycobacterium abscessus, Linezoli