Business Use of FTAs in Korea

This paper reviews the impact of Korea's FTAs on trade and business, reporting substantial trade growth with FTA partner countries with some exceptions. It also analyzes FTA use by firms, and tries to present the effects of the FTAs on the Korean business firms. According to the paper, Korea's first four FTAs demonstrate big differences in the utilization rates. In general, the degree of FTA utilization was found to be higher with imports than with exports. Korea-Chile FTA utilization rate for Korean imports reported average of 90.5% for the four years since the FTA was implemented. In the case of Korea-Singapore FTA, Korea-EFTA FTA and Korea-ASEAN FTA, however, the utilization rates were average 29.8%, 42.5%, and 43.3%, respectively. The paper identifies the reasons for poor FTA utilizations in those FTAs, and tries to suggest policy implications for improving FTA utilization by firms.

Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Self-Assembled Brush copolymers Bearing Glucose Moieties

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Correlation of PLC-??1 Expression and DNA Ploidy Pattern in Hepatocellular Carcinomas

Phospholipase C isozymes (PLCs) play a role in ligand-mediated signal transduction for cellu- lar activity such as proliferation and differentation. However, their biological significance of in carcinogenesis or tumor progression is not fully estabilished, although PLC-rl is known to be related to the cell growth or the oncogene. We examined the relative content of PLC-rl in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and the adjacent non tumorous liver tissue, by immunoperoxidase staining of paraffin embedded sections. Among 32 cases, 25 demonstrated s significant decrease of PLC-rl content in comparison to the adjacent nontumorous tissue. Seven cases revealed no remarkable change in PLC-rl expression. There was no HCC expressing higher level of PLC-rl. We also performed image cytometric studies to evaluate the relationship between the DNA ploidy pattern and the PLC-yl content. Interestingly, the tumors showing a decreased PLC-rl expression, were mostly diploid and tetraploid (except 3 cases) in contrast to those tumors showing no change in PLC-rl content which were exclusively aneuploid. The results suggest that PLC-rl expression is closely related to DNA ploidy of the tumor, and that there may be two different mechanisms of hepatocarcinogenesis: one is related to PLC-rl associated signal trasduction system, and the other is independent of PLC-rl.clos

SIW-Fed Patch Array Filtenna With Significant Suppression of Adjacent 5G Spectrum for Radio Altimeters

We propose a $2\times2$ patch array filtenna specifically designed for radio altimeter applications with significant suppression of unwanted adjacent 5G spectrum signals. The patch radiator is carefully selected to meet the radiation requirement of radio altimeters and the substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) feeding network is meticulously designed to provide shielding property and excellent suppression level for adjacent 5G spectrum through the evanescent mode characteristic. In specific, the proposed filtenna harnesses inherent suppression characteristic of low-band RF signals below a cutoff frequency in the SIW feeding network, eliminating the need for additional filtering geometries. The proposed filtenna is fabricated and measured, and experimental results confirm its effective operation in the radio altimeter band (4.2–4.4 GHz), exhibiting successful suppression of 5G spectrum (3.4–4 GHz) by 40.70-dB to 43.26-dB. Comparative analysis reveals that the proposed filtenna demonstrates superior suppression level for adjacent spectrums compared to previous planar array filtennas