31,439 research outputs found
Scanning tunneling spectroscopic studies of the pairing state of cuprate superconductors
Quasiparticle tunneling spectra of both hole-doped (p-type) and electron-doped (n-type) cuprates are studied using a low-temperature scanning tunneling microscope. The results reveal that neither the pairing symmetry nor the pseudogap phenomenon is universal among all cuprates, and that the response of n-type cuprates to quantum impurities is drastically different from that of the p-type cuprates. The only ubiquitous features among all cuprates appear to be the strong electronic correlation and the nearest-neighbor antiferromagnetic Cu2+-Cu2+ coupling in the CuO2 planes
Instantons of M(atrix) Theory in PP-Wave Background
M(atrix) theory in PP-wave background possesses a discrete set of classical
vacua, all of which preserves 16 supersymmetry and interpretable as collection
of giant gravitons. We find Euclidean instanton solutions that interpolate
between them, and analyze their properties. Supersymmetry prevents direct
mixing between different vacua but still allows effect of instanton to show up
in higher order effective interactions, such as analog of v^4 interaction of
flat space effective theory. An explicit construction of zero modes is
performed, and Goldstone zero modes, bosonic and fermionic, are identified. We
further generalize this to massive M(atrix) theory that includes fundamental
hypermultiplets, corresponding to insertion of longitudinal fivebranes in the
background. After a brief comparison to their counterpart in AdS\times S, we
close with a summary.Comment: 25 pages, LaTeX, references added, section 5 update
Quasi-particle scattering and protected nature of topological states in a parent topological insulator BiSe
We report on angle resolved photoemission spectroscopic studies on a parent
topological insulator (TI), BiSe. The line width of the spectral
function (inverse of the quasi-particle lifetime) of the topological metallic
(TM) states shows an anomalous behavior. This behavior can be reasonably
accounted for by assuming decay of the quasi-particles predominantly into bulk
electronic states through electron-electron interaction and defect scattering.
Studies on aged surfaces reveal that topological metallic states are very much
unaffected by the potentials created by adsorbed atoms or molecules on the
surface, indicating that topological states could be indeed protected against
weak perturbations.Comment: accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. B(R
Microstructure and pinning properties of hexagonal-disc shaped single crystalline MgB2
We synthesized hexagonal-disc-shaped MgB2 single crystals under high-pressure
conditions and analyzed the microstructure and pinning properties. The lattice
constants and the Laue pattern of the crystals from X-ray micro-diffraction
showed the crystal symmetry of MgB2. A thorough crystallographic mapping within
a single crystal showed that the edge and c-axis of hexagonal-disc shape
exactly matched the (10-10) and the (0001) directions of the MgB2 phase. Thus,
these well-shaped single crystals may be the best candidates for studying the
direction dependences of the physical properties. The magnetization curve and
the magnetic hysteresis for these single crystals showed the existence of a
wide reversible region and weak pinning properties, which supported our single
crystals being very clean.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures. submitted to Phys. Rev.
Patient Work Personas of Type 2 Diabetes—A Data-Driven Approach to Persona Development and Validation
Introduction: Many have argued that a “one-size-fits-all” approach to designing digital health is not optimal and that personalisation is essential to achieve targeted outcomes. Yet, most digital health practitioners struggle to identify which design aspect require personalisation. Personas are commonly used to communicate patient needs in consumer-oriented digital health design, however there is often a lack of reproducible clarity on development process and few attempts to assess their accuracy against the targeted population. In this study, we present a transparent approach to designing and validating personas, as well as identifying aspects of “patient work,” defined as the combined total of work tasks required to manage one's health and the contextual factors influencing such tasks, that are sensitive to an individual's context and may require personalisation. Methods: A data-driven approach was used to develop and validate personas for people with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), focusing on patient work. Eight different personas of T2DM patient work were constructed based physical activity, dietary control and contextual influences of 26 elderly Australian participants (median age = 72 years) via wearable camera footage, interviews, and self-reported diaries. These personas were validated for accuracy and perceived usefulness for design, both by the original participants and a younger (median age bracket = 45–54 years) independent online cohort f 131 T2DM patients from the United Kingdom and the United States. Results: Both the original participants and the independent online cohort reported the personas to be accurate representations of their patient work routines. For the independent online cohort, 74% (97/131) indicated personas stratified to their levels of exercise and diet control were similar to their patient work routines. Findings from both cohorts highlight aspects that may require personalisation include daily routine, use of time, and social context. Conclusion: Personas made for a specific purpose can be very accurate if developed from real-life data. Our personas retained their accuracy even when tested against an independent cohort, demonstrating their generalisability. Our data-driven approach clarified the often non-transparent process of persona development and validation, suggesting it is possible to systematically identify whether persona components are accurate or. and which aspects require more personalisation and tailoring
Production of the charged Higgs bosons at the CERN Large Hadron Collider in the left-right symmetric model
We study the production of the charged Higgs boson at the LHC in the
left-right symmetric model. It is shown that there exists a lower bound of the
cross section. We investigate that predicted cross sections of this model are
generally larger than those of the two Higgs doublet model or the minimal
supersymmetric model.Comment: The version which will appear in PRD. References are adde
Physical Point Simulation in 2+1 Flavor Lattice QCD
We present the results of the physical point simulation in 2+1 flavor lattice
QCD with the nonperturbatively -improved Wilson quark action and the
Iwasaki gauge action at on a
lattice. The physical quark masses together with the lattice
spacing is determined with , and as physical inputs.
There are two key algorithmic ingredients to make possible the direct
simulation at the physical point: One is the mass-preconditioned
domain-decomposed HMC algorithm to reduce the computational cost. The other is
the reweighting technique to adjust the hopping parameters exactly to the
physical point. The physics results include the hadron spectrum, the quark
masses and the pseudoscalar meson decay constants. The renormalization factors
are nonperturbatively evaluated with the Schr{\"o}dinger functional method. The
results are compared with the previous ones obtained by the chiral
extrapolation method.Comment: 20 pages, 17 figures, version to appear in Phys. Rev.
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