Segregation analysis of mandibular prognathism in Korean orthognathic surgery patients and their families

Objective: To investigate the existence of genetic influences on the incidence of mandibular prognathism (MP) in Korean Class Ill patients. Materials and Methods: The probands consisted of 100 Class Ill patients with MP (51 men and 49 women; mean age, 22.1 +/- 5.2 years; SNA, 81.2 degrees +/- 3.2 degrees; SNB, 84.1 degrees +/- 3.9 degrees) who underwent orthognathic surgery. Using three-generation pedigree charts, questionnaires, and clinical examinations, general information and information regarding MP for a total of 3777 relatives of the probands (1911 men and 1866 women) was ascertained. Familial correlations of MP between possible pairs in the pedigree were estimated. Heritability (h(2)) of MP under various models was estimated. Segregation analysis was conducted under the assumption of the nonpolygenic multivariate logistic model and finite polygenic mixed model. One-, two-, and three-susceptibility-type models were evaluated. Results: Among 3777 relatives, 199 (97 men and 102 women) were affected with MP (5.3%). Correlation coefficients of MP incidence in full siblings and in parent-offspring were .2003 and .2036, respectively (all P < .001). The h(2) of MP was estimated as 21.5% after adjusting for sex and founder effects. Two- and three susceptibility-type models showed that the general model fit better than the other models. MP incidence did not have a major gene transmission model and was influenced by numerous minor effect genes and their additive effects. Conclusion: These results suggest that the inherited susceptibility to MP in Korean Class Ill patients might be due to the summation of minor effects from a variety of different genes and/or influence of environmental factors, rather than Mendelian transmission of major genes.OAIID:oai:osos.snu.ac.kr:snu2013-01/102/0000004298/12SEQ:12PERF_CD:SNU2013-01EVAL_ITEM_CD:102USER_ID:0000004298ADJUST_YN:YEMP_ID:A072100DEPT_CD:852CITE_RATE:1.184FILENAME:segregation-ao-2013-final.pdfDEPT_NM:치의과학과SCOPUS_YN:YCONFIRM:

Simultaneous Sinus Lifting and Alveolar Distraction of a Severely Atrophic Posterior Maxilla for Oral Rehabilitation with Dental Implants

We retrospectively reviewed a new preimplantation regenerative augmentation technique for a severely atrophic posterior maxilla using sinus lifting with simultaneous alveolar distraction, together with long-term oral rehabilitation with implants. We also analyzed the regenerated bone histomorphologically. This study included 25 maxillary sinus sites in 17 patients. The technique consisted of alveolar osteotomy combined with simultaneous sinus lifting. After sufficient sinus lifting, a track-type vertical alveolar distractor was placed. Following a latent period, patient self-distraction was started. After the required augmentation was achieved, the distractor was left in place to allow consolidation. The distractor was then removed, and osseointegrated implants (average of 3.2 implants per sinus site, 80 implants) were placed. Bone for histomorphometric analysis was sampled from six patients and compared with samples collected after sinus lifting alone as controls (n=4). A sufficient alveolus was regenerated, and all patients achieved stable oral rehabilitation. The implant survival rate was 96.3% (77/80) after an average postloading followup of 47.5 months. Good bone regeneration was observed in a morphological study, with no significant difference in the rate of bone formation compared with control samples. This new regenerative technique could be a useful option for a severely atrophic maxilla requiring implant rehabilitation

Three-dimensional analysis of changes in airway space after bimaxillary orthognathic surgery with maxillomandibular setback and their association with obstructive sleep apnea

Abstract Background Bimaxillary orthognathic surgery with maxillomandibular setback is often accompanied by changes in airway space. We analyzed the changes in airway space before and after surgery and assessed their association with obstructive sleep apnea. Methods This study is based on the cohort of 13 adult patients (9 males, 4 females, average age 23.85 years) who underwent bimaxillary orthognathic surgery with maxillomandibular setback. We performed computed tomography and portable polysomnography before and after the surgery to assess changes in airway space and Apnea-Hypopnea Index (AHI) values (total, supine, non-supine). Results The oropharyngeal airway volume decreased by 29% after the surgery, which was statistically significant (p < .05). The upper airway volume and hypopharyngeal airway volume were decreased, but not significantly (4 and 19%, respectively). The changes in airway surface area were statistically significant at all levels examined (p < .05). Changes in the maximum anteroposterior width of the airway were also significant at all levels (p < .05). However, the changes in maximum lateral width were only statistically significant at C2 level (p < .05). AHI values were increased after the surgery but not significantly at any position. Conclusions Although bimaxillary surgery with maxillomandibular setback significantly reduces the airway space, it does not affect AHI values or induce obstructive sleep apnea

Magnetic resonance imaging diagnoses of bone scan abnormalities in breast cancer patients

Objective To investigate the type of MR imaging diagnosis that corresponded to spinal lesions detected on a bone scan according to the number of lesions in breast cancer patients. Materials and methods We retrospectively reviewed spinal MR images of 134 patients with breast cancer whose bone scans showed one or more spinal hot uptakes. The patients were grouped according to the number of spinal lesions detected on the bone scan: one or two lesions versus multiple (more than two) lesions. By using MR imaging, we determined the etiology of the spinal lesions in terms of being either benign or malignant. If the lesions were benign, we further categorized them into several specific pathologies. Results Sixty-four (48%) of 134 patients had one or two spinal lesions as seen on a bone scan. On MR imaging, 45 (70%) of the 64 lesions had benign pathologies, whereas 19 lesions (30%) were malignant. The benign pathologies in the 45 patients included facet arthrosis in 20 patients (44%), discovertebral degeneration in 12 patients (27%), compression fractures in eight patients (18%), and Schmorl`s nodes in five patients (11%). Seventy (52%) of 134 patients had multiple spinal lesions as seen on the bone scan, and MR imaging revealed multiple bone metastases in 67 patients (96%) and facet arthrosis in three patients (4%). Conclusion One or two spinal lesions seen on a bone scan in breast cancer patients are more likely to be benign pathologies such as facet arthrosis, discovertebral degeneration, compression fracture or Schmorl`s node on MR imaging. Nucl Med Commun 30:736-741 (C) 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.Kim CK, 2008, CLIN NUCL MED, V33, P251Wu HTH, 2006, SKELETAL RADIOL, V35, P212, DOI 10.1007/s00256-005-0068-yKim DW, 2005, CLIN NUCL MED, V30, P593NAKANISHI K, 2005, MAGN RESON MED SCI, V4, P11Mentzel HJ, 2004, EUR RADIOL, V14, P2297, DOI 10.1007/s00330-004-2390-5Shackleton M, 2004, INTERN MED J, V34, P615Maffioli L, 2004, EUR J NUCL MED MOL I, V31, pS143Yamaguchi T, 2003, SPINE, V28, pE503Chen HHW, 2003, NUCL MED COMMUN, V24, P1167, DOI 10.1097/01.mnm.0000101607.64255.4aNiitsu M, 2003, J COMPUT ASSIST TOMO, V27, P469RESNICK D, 2002, DIAGNOSIS BONE JOINT, P1430Baudrez V, 2001, SKELETAL RADIOL, V30, P442Daldrup-Link HE, 2001, AM J ROENTGENOL, V177, P229Reinartz P, 2000, EUR J NUCL MED, V27, P721Weishaupt D, 1999, SKELETAL RADIOL, V28, P215Seymour R, 1998, CLIN RADIOL, V53, P363Stabler A, 1997, AM J ROENTGENOL, V168, P933Carroll KW, 1997, JMRI-J MAGN RESON IM, V7, P394Cuenod CA, 1996, RADIOLOGY, V199, P541TAKAHASHI K, 1994, J SPINAL DISORD, V7, P77JACOBSON AF, 1990, J NUCL MED, V31, P387MCLAIN R, 1990, SPINE, V15, P247BOXER DI, 1989, J NUCL MED, V30, P1318KAGEN S, 1988, CLIN NUCL MED, V13, P615MODIC MT, 1988, RADIOLOGY, V168, P177MODIC MT, 1988, RADIOLOGY, V166, P193RESNICK D, 1978, RADIOLOGY, V126, P57HOPKINS GB, 1973, CALIF MED, V119, P10

Does 18F-FDG positron emission tomography-computed tomography have a role in initial staging of hepatocellular carcinoma?

The utility of fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose ((18)F-FDG) positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET/CT) in initial staging of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has yet to be fully explored. We assessed the usefulness of (18)F-FDG PET/CT in initial staging of HCC.A total of 457 consecutive patients initially diagnosed with HCC at Seoul National University Hospital between 2006 and 2012 were evaluated retrospectively to assess the impact of (18)F-FDG PET/CT on staging and compliancy with Milan criteria, relative to dynamic CT of liver and chest x-ray.Seven among the 457 patients studied showed a shift in Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer [BCLC] stage (A → C: 6 patients; B → C: 1 patient) and 5 patients who had originally met Milan criteria no longer qualified. (18)F-FDG PET/CT had value in initial staging of early (stage A) or intermediate (stage B) HCC, as determined by dynamic CT of liver and BCLC or AJCC classifications, whereas BCLC stage 0 and stage C tumors were unchanged (P<0.001). (18)F-FDG PET/CT disclosed additional metastases in patients with American Joint Committee on Cancer [AJCC] T2 (2.7%), T3a (5.3%), and T3b (4.8%) classifications.In initial staging of HCC, (18)F-FDG PET/CT provided additional information, impacting the patients with BCLC (stages A and B) and AJCC (T2 and T3) classifications. Its use might be thus appropriate for these patient subsets, especially if hepatic resection or liver transplantation is planned

Impact of ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT on BCLC stage.

<p>Seven patients showed a shift in BCLC stage from A to C (6/119, 5.0%) and B to C (1/71, 1.4%). Before, BCLC stage before ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT; after, BCLC stage after ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT.</p

Impact of ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT on AJCC (7^th) T classification.

<p>¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT detected extrahepatic HCC metastases in 2.7%, 5.3%, and 4.8% of patients with AJCC classification T2, T3a, and T3b tumors, respectively, but not in any patient with T1 or T4 classified HCC.</p