Toy Blocks and Rotational Physics

In this paper we summarize the theory of the "falling chimney," which deals with the breaking of tall structures in mid-air, when they fall to the ground. We describe how to reproduce these effects using small-scale models built with toy blocks. We also present an improved and more effective way to perform and analyze these interesting experiments, by using video capture software together with a digital video camera.Comment: 6 pages, including 3 figure

Forecast accuracy, information technologies and the performance of inventory policies under multi-level rolling schedule environments

Our incentive is to study the behaviour of lot-sizing rules in a multi-level context when forecast demand is subject to changes within the forecast window. To our knowledges, only Bookbinder and Heath (1988) have proposed a lot-sizing study in a multi-echelon rolling schedule with probabilistic demands. But their simulation study was limited to two arborescent structures with 6 nodes. By means of an extensive simulation study we show that it is always worth decreasing the error magnitude. This should encourage companies to develop Electronic Data Interchange to ameliorate demand forecast.Although the presence or absence of forecast errors matters more than the error level, we show that lot-sizing rules exhibit significant differences in their behaviour as the level of error is augmented. This paper also provides a clear description of the rolling procedure when applied to general product structures, probabilistic demand within the forecast window and positive lead times.economics of technology ;

Budget Allocation for Permanent and Contingent Capacity under Stochastic Demand.

We develop a model of budget allocation for permanent and contingent workforce under stochastic demand. The level of permanent capacity is determined at the beginning of the horizon and is kept constant throughout, whereas the number of temporary workers to be hired must be decided in each period. Compared to existing budgeting models, this paper explicitly considers a budget constraint. Under the assumption of a restricted budget, the objective is to minimize capacity shortages. When over-expenditures are allowed, both budget deviations and shortage costs are to be minimized. The capacity shortage cost function is assumed to be either linear or quadratic with the amount of shortage, which corresponds to different market structures or different types of services. We thus examine four variants of the problem that we model and solve either approximately or to optimality when possible. A comprehensive experimental design is designed to analyze the behavior of our models when several levels of demand variability and parameter values are considered. The parameters consist of the initial budget level, the unit cost of temporary workers and the budget deviation penalty/reward rates. Varying these parameters produce several trade-offs between permanent and temporary workforce levels, and between capacity shortages and budget deviations. Numerical results also show that the quadratic cost function leads to smooth and moderate capacity shortages over the time periods, whereas all shortages are either avoided or accepted when the cost function is linear.Stochastic; Capacity planning; Contingent workers; Budget allocation; Non-linear stochastic dynamic programming; Optimization;

Mathematics teaching and learning on Outcomes Based Education and Curriculum 2005

Student Number : 9110316P - M Ed research report - School of Education - Faculty of HumanitiesThis study seeks to establish if teaching Grade 7 Algebra accords with Outcomes Based Education [OBE] in a sample of three state primary schools in a province, South Africa. Following the methods of illuminative evaluation the researcher looked for ‘matches’ and ‘mismatches’ between what was planned in an OBE text with what ‘actually happens’ in classroom teaching to gauge if the shift to outcomes has taken place in teaching Mathematics in these schools, and make recommendations to improve. Data was collected using document analysis to establish how percentages was planned to be taught by teachers and using naturalistic observations with follow-up probing interviews to establish how this teaching actually took place in classrooms. The data was checked by questionnaire data seeking the views of educators doing this teaching. The data showed 5 Patterns in this teaching, one only according with planned OBE teaching, 2 other Patters where teaching was more-or-less as intended, and 2 further Patterns where teaching failed to accord with the OBE text. Just over half the teachers or 58% of the sample seemed to have shifted to OBE, and less than half or 42% of educators seem not to have done so. Primary amongst the findings is that educators failed to teach Mathematics conceptually first as planned, preferring in a variety of ways to omit conceptual explanations by way of introduction to lessons in favour of ‘guiding examples’, ‘group work’ and ‘report back’, ‘teacher and learner assessment’ and ‘concluding exercises’, the six categories which emerged for teaching in these lessons. The study recommends primarily that educators re-claim teaching Mathematics conceptually first, and prior to completing examples and giving exercises to learners. It concludes that fewer educators than expected seem to have shifted towards OBE teaching in these Mathematics classrooms, 6 years into the national innovation, C 2005

Characterisation of Australian Staphylococcus aureus isolates of bovine mastitis origin, and development and evaluation of the potential of vaccines for prevention of mastitis using mouse as a model system

Serological typing was demonstrated to be more reliable than molecular typing for capsular phenotyping of Australian bovine mastitis-associated Staphylococcus aureus isolates. A relationship between strength of biofilm formation, icaA and icaD genes and extent of mammary tissue damage was apparent. Distribution of MSCRAMMs and exotoxins, and potential of anti-IL6 and anti IL6-receptor antibodies on mortality of infected mice was determined. Biofilm-embedded S. aureus vaccine offered better protection against mammary tissue damage than the planktonic vaccine

BUKTI PERMULAAN MENURUT KITAB UNDANG-UNDANG HUKUM ACARA PIDANA DALAM PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP PERKAPOLRI NOMOR 14 TAHUN 2012 TENTANG MANAJEMEN PENYIDIKAN TINDAK PIDANA

Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengertian “bukti permulaan” dalam Pasal 1 angka 17 KUHAP sebelum dan sesudah Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor Nomor 21/PUU-XII/2014, tanggal 28 April 2015 dan bagaimana pengaruh Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 21/PUU-XII/2014, tanggal 28 April 2015, terhadap Pasal 1 angka 21 Perkapolri Nomor 14 Tahun 2012 Tentang Manajemen Penyidikan Tindak Pidana. Dengan menggunakan metode penelitian yuridis normatif, disimpulkan: 1. Pengertian “bukti permulaan” dalam Pasal 1 angka 14 KUHAP telah mengalami perkembangan pengertian, di mana semula pengertiannya diserahkan sepenuhnya kepada penilaian penyidik sehingga sering diartikan cukup dengan 1 (satu) alat bukti saja, kemudian dengan putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 21/PUU-XII/2014, tanggal 28 April 2015, ditegaskan bahwa pengertiannya yaitu minimal dua alat bukti yang termuat dalam Pasal 184 Undang-Undang Nomor 8 Tahun 1981 tentang Hukum Acara Pidana. 2. Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 21/PUU-XII/2014, yang menegaskan pengertian bukti permulaan minimal dua alat bukti yang termuat dalam Pasal 184 KUHAP, seharusnya ditaati juga dalam Perkapolri Perkapolri Nomor 14 Tahun 2012, karena suatu putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi tidak saja berpengaruh terhadap suatu Undang-Undang tetapi juga terhadap semua peraturan di bawah Undang-Undang, termasuk terhadap suatu Peraturan Kepala Keplisian Negara Republik Indonesia.Kata kunci : Bukti Permulaan, Manajemen Penyidikan, Tindak Pidan

Evaluation of pharmaceutical cream production debottlenecking schemes

The main objective of this work is to model and debottleneck a pharmaceutical production of an anti-allergic cream. The base case process has a minimum cycle time of 29 hours which is equivalent to 66 batches/year. Four schemes were proposed for process debottlenecking due to the anticipated increase of the product demand of 150% in the market. By carrying out throughput analysis study, schemes that fulfil the debottlenecking objective were determined. Out of the four debottlenecking schemes, Scheme 4 was chosen, which proposed a new blending tank and intermediate tank, showed a production increase of over 150%