Access to prescribed medicines (ATPM) regardless of place according to individual characteristics and specific environment and affiliation to the Seguro Popular.

<p>Note: Estimates considering the survey design. *Estimated figures on the total population who received a prescription from medical personnel. **Calculation per adult equivalent. $ Rural: <2500 inhabitants, Urban: 2500–100000, Metropolitan: >100000.</p

Differences in the study population according to Seguro Popular Affiliation.

<p>Note: Estimates considering the survey design.</p><p>Differences in the study population according to Seguro Popular Affiliation.</p

Out-of-pocket expenditure on selected health functions, 2003–2012.

<p>(A) Childbirth (vaginal or cesarean) as well as pregnancy and childbirth related complication. (B) Antenatal care. (C) Family planning. Across functions, the decrease of OOP expenditure in households without social security was greater than that in other households.</p

Public expenditure by state according to financing scheme and number of WoRA (logarithms), 2003 and 2012.

<p>(A) Government schemes, 2003. (B) Government schemes, 2012. (C) Social security, 2003. (D) Social security, 2012. Although government schemes improved the alignment of expenditure with potential demand from 2003–2012, a high degree of variability persists among states.</p

MHFP expenditure by financing scheme, 2003–2012.

<p>(A) Total, public and private MHFP expenditure. (B) MHFP expenditure by financing scheme. Public expenditure rose over the period analyzed because of a dramatic growth in government scheme spending. By contrast, private expenditure fell as a corollary of the drop in OOP spending.</p

Public expenditure on MHFP by financing scheme per WoRA, 2003–2012.

<p>Public expenditure on MHFP by financing scheme per WoRA, 2003–2012.</p

Public MHFP expenditure by health function, 2003–2012.

<p>Public MHFP expenditure by health function, 2003–2012.</p

The Mexican Health System.

<p>The Mexican health system is fragmented and labor-based. It includes a public and a private sector. The public sector consists of two sub-sectors: (a) social security, which comprises the Mexican Institute for Social Security (IMSS); the Institute for Social Security and Services for Civil Servants (ISSSTE); and social security institutions for the army, the marines and the national oil company workers (SEDENA, SECMAR and PEMEX). Social security coverage went from 38.3% in 2000 to 38.9% in 2012; and (b) government schemes (restricted by user fee), which include the Ministry of Health, the State Health Services, the Seguro Popular (since 2004); and the IMSS-Oportunidades program. Until 2003, access to providers was limited, leaving beneficiary population without the capacity to pay out of this public health sub-system. The Seguro Popular, designed to remove this barrier, has opened the access to health services for 38.5% of the Mexican population. (c) the private sector, which comprises household out-of-pocket payments and prepaid private insurance. Private providers offer services to those with the capacity to pay, including the population with and without social security.</p