Entre gouvernance et leadership : la palabre et le chef

URL des Cahiers : https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/CAHIERS-MSECahiers de la MSE 2005.43 - Série Rouge - ISSN : 1624-0340The question concerning the domain covered by entreprise governance has not been definitely settled and neither has the question of the dividing line between governance and leadership. Thus, the real issue is the interpretation of governance to-day. Does it have to be confronted with that other mode of management which is leadership? Actually, the dividing line does not seem to be definitive. This remark appears to be all the more realistic as the decisions taken daily by entreprise refer simultaneously to social and societal dimensions. Furthermore, embedded in those two logics, the government of material objects is frequently opposed to the government of people. Thus, it seems adequate to juxtapose the "law of the market" and a possible responsibility of leading employees. Finally, it appears that confidence plays the part of mediator between governance and leadership, which explains the emergence of a certain number of instruments of ethical codifications, codes of conduct and norms.La question du champ couvert par la gouvernance d'entreprise n'est pas définitivement tranchée pas plus que ne l'est celle de la limite entre gouvernance et leadership. La question se pose donc bien de savoir ce que l'on entend par gouvernance aujourd'hui. Serait-elle à opposer à cet autre mode de gestion qu'est le leadership ? La frontière ne semble pas si claire en définitive. Cette observation semble d'autant plus réaliste que les décisions prises quotidiennement par les entreprises impliquent simultanément des dimensions sociales et sociétales. Par ailleurs, au sein de ces deux logiques, le gouvernement des choses est volontiers opposé au gouvernement des personnes. Il paraît alors judicieux de confronter la "loi du marché" à une possible responsabilité sociale des cadres. Enfin, il apparaît qu'entre gouvernance et leadership, la confiance joue un rôle médiateur, d'où l'émergence d'un certain nombre d'outils de codification de l'éthique, de codes de conduite et de normes

Coupled vibrations of a meniscus and liquid films

International audienceWe investigate the vibration properties of a circular horizontal film, that is bounded by a meniscus (or Plateau border) and suspended to two catenary films. The suspending films act as capillary springs, and the system is thus free to oscillate around its equilibrium position. We study successively its free and forced oscillations. In our experiments, we track simultaneously the positions of the Plateau border and of the film. The model that we present predicts the eigenfrequency of the system, and its resonance characteristics (in forced oscillations). In particular, we show that the dynamics of both the Plateau border and the film have to be taken into account, in order to provide an accurate prediction of the oscillation frequency

Hardness of chemically densified Yellow birch in relation to wood density, polymer content and polymer properties

Density of wood can be increased by filling its porous structure with polymers. Such densification processes aim to increase hardness of wood and are particularly interesting for flooring applications. This study aims to evaluate efficiency of different polymers for chemical densification based on the polymer properties. Yellow birch (Betula alleghaniensis Britt.) was chemically densified with seven monomer mixtures through acrylate monomer impregnation and electron beam in-situ polymerization. Chemical retention and polymer content of densified woods were recorded. Hardness of treated and untreated Yellow birch was measured and compared to hardness of Jatoba (Hymenaea courbaril L.). All densified woods showed higher or comparable hardness to Jatoba. Hardness of densified wood was analyzed in relation to initial density of wood and polymer content of the material using multivariable linear mixed models. Efficiency of polymers for chemical densification was evaluated through effect of polymer content on hardness with interaction coefficients. Polymer films corresponding to monomer impregnating mixtures were prepared through low energy electron beam and characterized by their glass transition temperature, micro hardness, indentation modulus and crosslinking density. Polymers showed statistically significantly different efficiencies and were separated in two main groups. Overall, polymer efficiency increased with increasing glass transition temperature of polyacrylates

Entre gouvernance et leadership : la palabre et le chef

La question du champ couvert par la gouvernance d'entreprise n'est pas définitivement tranchée pas plus que ne l'est celle de la limite entre gouvernance et leadership. La question se pose donc bien de savoir ce que l'on entend par gouvernance aujourd'hui. Serait-elle à opposer à cet autre mode de gestion qu'est le leadership ? La frontière ne semble pas si claire en définitive. Cette observation semble d'autant plus réaliste que les décisions prises quotidiennement par les entreprises impliquent simultanément des dimensions sociales et sociétales. Par ailleurs, au sein de ces deux logiques, le gouvernement des choses est volontiers opposé au gouvernement des personnes. Il paraît alors judicieux de confronter la "loi du marché" à une possible responsabilité sociale des cadres. Enfin, il apparaît qu'entre gouvernance et leadership, la confiance joue un rôle médiateur, d'où l'émergence d'un certain nombre d'outils de codification de l'éthique, de codes de conduite et de normes.Economic ethics, governance, leadership, social and societal responsibility, enterprise citizenship, confidence, codes, deontology.

Multitask Online Learning: Listen to the Neighborhood Buzz

We study multitask online learning in a setting where agents can only exchange information with their neighbors on an arbitrary communication network. We introduce $\texttt{MT-CO}_2\texttt{OL}$, a decentralized algorithm for this setting whose regret depends on the interplay between the task similarities and the network structure. Our analysis shows that the regret of $\texttt{MT-CO}_2\texttt{OL}$ is never worse (up to constants) than the bound obtained when agents do not share information. On the other hand, our bounds significantly improve when neighboring agents operate on similar tasks. In addition, we prove that our algorithm can be made differentially private with a negligible impact on the regret when the losses are linear. Finally, we provide experimental support for our theory

Chemical enterprise model and decision-making framework for sustainable chemical product design

The chemical product substitution process is undertaken by chemical industries for complying with regulations, like REACH in Europe. Initially devoted to chemists, chemicals substitution is nowadays a complex process involving corporate, business and engineering stakeholders across the chemical enterprise for orienting the search toward a sustainable solution. We formalize a decision making process framework dedicated to the sustainable chemical product design activity in an industrial context. The framework aims at improving the sharing of information and knowledge and at enabling a collaborative work across the chemical enterprise stakeholders at the strategic, tactical and operational levels. It is supported by information and communication technologies (ICT) and integrates a computer aided molecular design tool. During the initial intelligence phase, a systemic analysis of the needs and usages enables to define the product requirements. In the design phase, they are compiled with the help of a facilitator to generate the input file of a computer aided product design tool. This multiobjective tool is designed to find mixtures with molecular fragments issued from renewable raw materials, and is able to handle environment-health and safety related properties along with process physicochemical properties. The final choice phase discusses the solution relevancy and provides feedback, before launching the product manufacturing. The framework is illustrated by the search of a bio-sourced water–solvent mixture formulation for lithographic blanket wash used in printing industry. The sustainability of the solution is assessed by using the sustainability shades metho

Two-dimensional superflow past an obstacle of arbitrary penetrability: Exact results for the critical velocity

We report analytical and numerical results for the critical velocity for dissipationless motion of a two-dimensional scalar superfluid past a localized and static repulsive obstacle. In contrast to most of the state of the art, our study is not restricted to an impenetrable obstacle, nor to a quartic interaction. This makes it possible to get closer to recent experiments with atomic Bose-Einstein condensates and paraxial superfluids of light.Comment: 9 pages, 2 figure