1,600 research outputs found
Styling and being styled in university literacy practices
Taking as its premise the ethical responsibility of the educator towards diversity, both in students and the materiality of their knowledge production practices, this paper examines four surfaces of emergence of academic writing governmentality. These are characterised as different âstylesâ of knowledge production: Style 1 (canonic, Western rationalist governmentality); Style 2 (bureaucratic, product-control governmentality); Style 3 (transformative, academic literacy governmentality); and Style 4 (poststructural and deconstructive governmentality). Drawing on Foucaultâs genealogical approach (1991a), and a small âarchiveâ of literature and texts that regulate and/or problematise these four knowledge territories, I examine ways these complementary and competing disciplinary technologies orient us and our students differently in the âconstitution of ourselves as autonomous subjectsâ (Foucault 1991a,43), in both our educational and writing practices. The findings of the study are intended to make more explicit the hegemonic rhetorical landscapes, which call us all to order in our everyday practices. They are also used to argue that Style 4 affords small possibilities of keeping power in play within the universityâs âmatrix of calculabilitiesâ (Ball & Olmedo 2012,103)
Post-critical writing praxis as a qualitative researcher
The intention of this paper is to unsettle our habits of scholarly writing and reading, from within the grids of intelligibility of Western, rationalist materiality, so as to make visible what we/I no longer often see: the academic writing and publishing constraints that discipline our assemblages of knowledge. Taking poststructuralist articulations of the âcriticalâ and âethicalâ as heuristics for developing a praxis of critical deconstructive authoring, where agency is coterminous with, not external to, the event of writing, it puts to work Foucaultâs perspective that the subject is a form, not a substance, (Foucault, 1984, p. 290) to explore one way of crafting âan academic subject yet to comeâ (Ball, 2016, p. 2). Beginning with a brief consideration of the normative mechanisms that govern scholarly writing, it then uses some of the conceptual tools of Foucault, Derrida and Spivak to unfold and vindicate spaces in the grids of governance for reforming the subject
Public accountability and crisis in the banking sector : the case of the UK
The marked disintegration of the UK banking system in 2008 led to significant
Government ownership in two major banks: The Royal Bank of Scotland (RBS) and
Lloyds Banking Group (LBG) (National Audit Office, 2009). The banks are termed
âquasi-nationalisedâ due to the retention of stock exchange listings alongside
Government ownership The thesis offers a documentary analysis on the public
accountability of these banks. The research themes are:
- The impact of Government intervention on the accountability of the quasi-nationalised
banks
- The banking crisis through the lens of financial reporting for RBS and LBG
- Newspaper reporting of the banking crisis in RBS and LBG
A multiple theory framework is utilised in the study. Property rights (Alchian, 1974;
Alchian and Demsetz, 1973; Demsetz, 1967) and agency theory (Fama, 1980; Jensen
and Meckling, 1976) explore the implications of Government Intervention. Impression
Management and Stigma (Goffman, 1968; Goffman, 1956a) are used to critique financial
reporting since the crisis. Critical Discourse Analysis assesses newspaper reporting of
the banksâ finances (Fairclough, 2010; Fairclough, 1995).
Summary findings for the three research themes are as follows. Quasi-nationalisation
has been a positive response to the banking crisis. Banks acknowledge they must
consider societal responsibilities as well as corporate profits. Yet the increased
accountability mechanisms have been difficult to define and enforce. Property rights
theory applauds the retention of private sector scrutiny. Agency theory, however,
identifies the muted disciplinary effects of the markets in the circumstances.
The banksâ financial reporting gives an alternative perspective on the banking crisis.
Both banks acknowledge their role in the crisis but simultaneously distance themselves
from it. RBS highlights the virtues of a ânewâ bank different from the failed one. LBG
explains poor results through âmarket dislocationâ. The statutory accounts themselves
are relegated in favour of managerially defined pro forma numbers and promotional
materials. In this way, the statutory numbers can be seen as part of the âdirty workâ
(Goffman, 1956b) of the crisis.
Using critical discourse analysis (Fairclough, 2010; Fairclough, 1995), findings are that
newspaper reporting of the banksâ accounting results occurs across a broad spectrum of
titles and articles. Headlines favour big numbers for impact. But constant focus on
banking pay endures. The accounts provide an important counterpoint to the news
context of the banks. Positively, accounting is portrayed as a neutral challenger to the
public relations news process and fulfils democratic accountability. Critically, however, it
is in the interests of papers to create and sustain media panics (Leach, 2006).
The thesis responds to calls for literature on the financial crisis (British Accounting
Review, 2012; Journal of Accounting and Public Policy, 2011; Arnold, 2009), multi-theoretical
research in the public sector (Jacobs, 2012; KurunmÀki et al., 2003), linguistic
theory in accounting (Evans, 2010) and accounting in the tabloids (Jeacle, 2012) as well
as interpretive research in financial reporting (London School of Economics, 2011;
Brennan and Solomon, 2008; Parker, 2007)
The Challenges of Conducting Qualitative Research on "couples" in Abusive Intimate Partner Relationships Involving Substance Use
Undertaking qualitative dyad or couple interviews involving intimate partner abuse and substance use presents considerable ethical, safeguarding, and theoretical challenges throughout the research process from recruitment to conducting interviews and analysis. These challenges and how they were managed are outlined using the experience from a qualitative study of 14 heterosexual âcouplesâ that explored the complex interplay between intimate partner abuse and substance use. Managing these challenges for participants, their families, and researchers included the use of safeguarding protocols and procedures to manage risk and the provision of clinical support for experienced researchers. Researchers often felt drawn into the conflicts and complex dynamics of opposing accounts from the male and femalesâ relationship which could be emotionally and methodologically taxing. Researchers discussing their analysis and felt experiences with each other provided a reflexive space to manage emotions and stay close to the theoretical underpinnings
Gender and Patient Satisfaction with Primary Care: Tuning in to Women in Quality Measurement
This study analyzes the relationship between patient gender and satisfaction with primary care visits, using 1999 survey data on 1691 women and 760 men making primary care visits at multiple sites affiliated with a large academic health system designated as a National Center of Excellence in Women's Health (COE). The main findings are that in multivariate analyses controlling for patient and visit characteristics, different aspects of the content of primary care visits are important to women and men. Women's overall satisfaction with visits is more dependent than men's on informational content, continuity of care, and multidisciplinarity. Men's overall satisfaction is more dependent on the personal interest shown in them by providers. No differences in satisfaction are found between those seen in sites affiliated with the COE and other primary care sites within the health system that are not core sites of the COE. We conclude that quality improvement and research in women's primary care could benefit from gender analysis of patient satisfaction data and from more gender-sensitive patient satisfaction measures.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/63266/1/15246090050118189.pd
Substance use and Intimate Partner Abuse (IPA):A descriptive model of the pathways between substance use and IPA perpetration for men
Intimate partner abuse (IPA) is a pervasive public health and human rights issue disproportionately affecting women. There is a complex link between IPA and substance use; substance use can increase both the frequency and severity of IPA. Pathway models have been applied to explore heterogeneous trajectories into other behaviours and to identify areas for intervention. This approach has not previously been applied in the area of substance use and IPA. Inductive thematic analysis of 37 interviews with heterosexual men aged 28-52 who had reported previous IPA perpetration was conducted. Men were recruited from alcohol and drug services across two areas of England. Three groupings of pathways into substance use-related IPA were generated: 1) Rule Breaking Pathway (n = 11); 2) Entrenched Substance Use Pathway (n = 13); and 3) Relationship Insecurity Pathway (n = 13). Across the three groupings of pathways, the men's childhood and early experiences led to different journeys into SU-related IPA (abuse that was associated with intoxication, withdrawal, acquisition and substance use lifestyle). Each pathway presented differently with varying core features, for example core features of generalised violence, mental health or jealousy, and different predisposing background factors, including types and timing of childhood abuse and trauma. Adopting a pathways approach drawing on principles of equifinality and multifinality can improve understanding of heterogeneity in men who perpetrate IPA and use substances and propose treatment/intervention targets
Persian NACO Manual
The guidelines in this manual apply to the creation of authority records for names which appear in the Perso-Arabic script on a manifestation written in the Persian language. In this manual, such names are referred to as âPersian names,â regardless of the origin of the name. Guidance is also provided for names of Iranian origin that appear in other scripts. This manual focuses on personal names, although some examples pertaining to corporate bodies, conferences, and works have been provided
Substance Use and Intimate Partner Abuse (IPA): A Descriptive Model of the Pathways Between Substance Use and IPA Perpetration for Men
Intimate partner abuse (IPA) is a pervasive public health and human rights issue disproportionately affecting women. There is a complex link between IPA and substance use; substance use can increase both the frequency and severity of IPA. Pathway models have been applied to explore heterogeneous trajectories into other behaviours and to identify areas for intervention. This approach has not previously been applied in the area of substance use and IPA. Inductive thematic analysis of 37 interviews with heterosexual men aged 28-52 who had reported previous IPA perpetration was conducted. Men were recruited from alcohol and drug services across two areas of England. Three groupings of pathways into substance use-related IPA were generated: 1) Rule Breaking Pathway (n = 11); 2) Entrenched Substance Use Pathway (n = 13); and 3) Relationship Insecurity Pathway (n = 13). Across the three groupings of pathways, the men's childhood and early experiences led to different journeys into SU-related IPA (abuse that was associated with intoxication, withdrawal, acquisition and substance use lifestyle). Each pathway presented differently with varying core features, for example core features of generalised violence, mental health or jealousy, and different predisposing background factors, including types and timing of childhood abuse and trauma. Adopting a pathways approach drawing on principles of equifinality and multifinality can improve understanding of heterogeneity in men who perpetrate IPA and use substances and propose treatment/intervention targets
Effect of digital psychoeducation and peer support on the mental health of family carers supporting individuals with psychosis in England (COPe-support): a randomised clinical trial
BACKGROUND: Psychoeducation delivered face-to-face is effective in alleviating mental health morbidities in family carers of individuals with psychosis. However, research in such interventions delivered online is scarce. We evaluated the effectiveness of a digital multicomponent intervention-COPe-support-in improving carers' mental wellbeing and caregiving-related outcomes. METHODS: In this two-arm, individually randomised, superiority trial, people aged 18 years or older who provided at least weekly support in any format for a relative or close friend affected by psychosis across England were randomly assigned (1:1) to either COPe-support or a passive online information resource using an independent online system. Participants were recruited through 30 mental health UK National Health Service trusts. The study team were masked to allocation and assessment of outcomes as all data collection took place online. Participants had access to either condition for 40 weeks and were advised to spend at least half an hour per week over the initial 20 weeks to go through materials at their own pace and to allow time to integrate knowledge and skills learned into practice. It was not feasible to mask participants or the online facilitator to intervention allocation. COPe-support provided psychoeducation on psychosis-related caregiving strategies and forums with professionals and other carers, and the control intervention comprised a passive online information resource. The primary outcome at 20 weeks was mental wellbeing measured by the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale (WEMWBS; minimally clinically important difference [MCID] 3). This trial is registered with ISRCTN, 89563420. FINDINGS: Between March 1, 2018, and Feb 14, 2020, 407 participants were randomly assigned, with 204 allocated to COPe-support and 203 allocated to control. The participants (mean age 53·1 years, SD 13·2) were mostly female (330 [81%] of 407 participants) and White (359 [88%] of 407 participants). 346 (85%) of 407 participants provided primary endpoint data, 174 (85%) of 204 participants in the COPe-support group and 172 (85%) of 203 participants in the control group. The mean WEMWBS score at 20 weeks was 44·5 (SD 8·31) for the COPe-support group and 43·3 (9·19) for the control group. We found no evidence of a difference in wellbeing between the two groups (adjusted mean difference 0·37, 95% CI -1·14 to 1·88; p=0·63). In the COPe-support group, 106 (52%) of 204 participants met the complier definition of a minimum of two logins in separate weeks. The complier average causal effect analysis increased the difference in WEMWBS scores (adjusted difference 0·83, 95% CI -1·45 to 3·11; p=0·47), but this was lower than the MCID. There were no adverse events. INTERPRETATION: Our findings did not support the use of COPe-support over a passive online information resource. However, further research to optimise digital interventions adjunctive to face-to-face support for carers remains important. FUNDING: National Institute for Health Research
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