On (Subgame Perfect) Secure Equilibrium in Quantitative Reachability Games

We study turn-based quantitative multiplayer non zero-sum games played on finite graphs with reachability objectives. In such games, each player aims at reaching his own goal set of states as soon as possible. A previous work on this model showed that Nash equilibria (resp. secure equilibria) are guaranteed to exist in the multiplayer (resp. two-player) case. The existence of secure equilibria in the multiplayer case remained and is still an open problem. In this paper, we focus our study on the concept of subgame perfect equilibrium, a refinement of Nash equilibrium well-suited in the framework of games played on graphs. We also introduce the new concept of subgame perfect secure equilibrium. We prove the existence of subgame perfect equilibria (resp. subgame perfect secure equilibria) in multiplayer (resp. two-player) quantitative reachability games. Moreover, we provide an algorithm deciding the existence of secure equilibria in the multiplayer case.Comment: 32 pages. Full version of the FoSSaCS 2012 proceedings pape

t(5;14)(q35;q11) RANBP17 (or TLX3)/TRD

Review on t(6;9)(p22;q34) DEK/NUP214 in Childhood, with data on clinics, and the genes involved

Does Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 Drive Lymphangiogenesis?

The purpose of this study is to explore the function of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) during pathological lymphangiogenesis. PAI-1, the main physiological inhibitor of plasminogen activators is involved in pathological angiogenesis at least by controlling extracellular proteolysis and by regulating endothelial cell survival and migration. Protease system's role in lymphangiogenesis is unknown yet. Thus, based on its important pro-angiogenic effect, we hypothesized that PAI-1 may regulate lymphangiogenesis associated at least with metastatic dissemination of cancer cells. To address this issue, we studied the impact of PAI-1 deficiency in various murine models of tumoral lymphangiogenesis. Wild-type PAI-1 proficient mice were used as controls. We provide for the first time evidence that PAI-1 is dispensable for tumoral lymphangiogenesis associated with breast cancers either induced by mammary carcinoma cell injection or spontaneously appearing in transgenic mice expressing the polyomavirus middle T antigen (PymT) under the control of a mouse mammary tumor virus long-terminal repeat promoter (MMTV-LTR). We also investigated inflammation-related lymphatic vessel recruitment by using two inflammatory models. PAI-1 deficiency did neither affect the development of lymphangioma nor burn-induced corneal lymphangiogenesis. These novel data suggest that vascular remodelling associated with lymphangiogenesis and angiogenesis involve different molecular determinants. PAI-1 does not appear as a potential therapeutic target to counteract pathological lymphangiogenesis

Huntingtin proteolysis releases non-polyQ fragments that cause toxicity through dynamin 1 dysregulation

Cleavage of mutant huntingtin (HTT) is an essential process in Huntington's disease (HD), an inherited neurodegenerative disorder. Cleavage generates N-ter fragments that contain the polyQ stretch and whose nuclear toxicity is well established. However, the functional defects induced by cleavage of full-length HTT remain elusive. Moreover, the contribution of non-polyQ C-terminal fragments is unknown. Using time- and site-specific control of full-length HTT proteolysis, we show that specific cleavages are required to disrupt intramolecular interactions within HTT and to cause toxicity in cells and flies. Surprisingly, in addition to the canonical pathogenic N-ter fragments, the C-ter fragments generated, that do not contain the polyQ stretch, induced toxicity via dilation of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and increased ER stress. C-ter HTT bound to dynamin 1 and subsequently impaired its activity at ER membranes. Our findings support a role for HTT on dynamin 1 function and ER homoeostasis. Proteolysis-induced alteration of this function may be relevant to disease. Synopsis The development of a time and site-specifically controlled cleavage of the mutant huntingtin protein reveals a pathogenic mechanism induced by the non-polyQ-containing fragments that are generated upon proteolysis during disease progression. Huntingtin proteolysis generates N-ter fragments that contain the toxic polyQ stretch but also the corresponding C-ter fragments. N-ter to C-ter intramolecular interactions present in full-length huntingtin are abrogated by sequential cleavages. Whereas the N-ter polyQ fragments translocate into the nucleus, the non-polyQ C-ter huntingtin fragments remain in the cytoplasm and cause ER dilation, stress and cell death. C-ter huntingtin fragments bind and inactivate dynamin 1 at the ER thus causing ER dilation and toxicity. Site-specifically controlled cleavage of the mutant huntingtin protein reveals a pathogenic mechanism induced by non-polyQ-containing fragments that are generated upon proteolysis during disease progression.</p

A meta-analysis of previous falls and subsequent fracture risk in cohort studies

NC Harvey acknowledges funding from the UK Medical Research Council (MC_PC_21003; MC_PC_21001). The WHI program is funded by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services through 75N92021D00001, 75N92021D00002, 75N92021D00003, 75N92021D00004, and 75N92021D00005. Funding for the MrOS USA study comes from the National Institute on Aging (NIA), the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS), the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), and NIH Roadmap for Medical Research under the following grant numbers: U01 AG027810, U01 AG042124, U01 AG042139, U01 AG042140, U01 AG042143, U01 AG042145, U01 AG042168, U01 AR066160, and UL1 TR000128. Funding for the SOF study comes from the National Institute on Aging (NIA), and the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS), supported by grants (AG05407, AR35582, AG05394, AR35584, and AR35583). Funding for the Health ABC study was from the Intramural research program at the National Institute on Aging under the following contract numbers: NO1-AG-6–2101, NO1-AG-6–2103, and NO1-AG-6–2106.Peer reviewedPostprin

Analyser et comprendre sa pratique professionnelle pour l’améliorer et permettre aux élèves de devenir acteurs de leurs apprentissages en EPS

This dissertation focuses on the teaching of PE (Physical Education) and more specifically on teaching students how to learn by putting them at the very core of their learning process. In order to achieve this goal, the experiment is based on the analysis of a throwing session in a Cycle 2 and 3 class. In order to observe and understand how to teach throwing, I tackled it within the framework of the situated action. This method allows to study teaching practice by highlighting the ergonomic and anthropological teaching approach. To achieve this "global" understanding of teaching practice, a self-confrontation is required. The latter consists of filming oneself during a session to allow the beginning teacher to analyze his or her teaching skills with the help of his or her trainer’s feedback during an interview. The aim is to take a step back by developing a “know-how” (Perrenoud, 2019) analysis on his or her teaching practice. This experiment allowed me to observe and highlight both my teacher’s attitude and my planning. In the end, I managed to take on new attitudes and new professional and identity gestures.Ce mémoire s’intéresse à l’enseignement de l’EPS et plus précisément à la mise en activité des élèves en cherchant à les rendre acteurs de leurs apprentissages. Pour cela, cette étude se base sur l’analyse d’une séance de lancer dans une classe de cycle 2 et 3. Afin d’observer et comprendre cet enseignement, je l’ai abordé dans le cadre de l’action située. Ce courant permet l’étude de la pratique enseignante en mettant en exergue l’approche ergonomique et anthropologique de l’enseignement. Pour atteindre cette compréhension qui se veut « globale » de la pratique enseignante, la méthode mise en place est celle de l’auto-confrontation. Cette dernière consiste à se filmer lors d’une séance pour permettre à l’enseignant débutant de revenir sur cette situation lors d’un entretien accompagné et guidé par son formateur. L’objectif est de prendre du recul en développant un « savoir-analyser » (Perrenoud, 2019) sur sa pratique enseignante. Cette étude m’a permis d’observer et mettre en évidence à la fois ma posture enseignante et ma planification. Enfin, je suis parvenue à faire émerger de nouvelles postures et de nouveaux gestes professionnels et identitaires

On (Subgame Perfect) Secure Equilibrium in Quantitative Reachability Games

We study turn-based quantitative multiplayer non zero-sum games played on finite graphs with reachability objectives. In such games, each player aims at reaching his own goal set of states as soon as possible. A previous work on this model showed that Nash equilibria (resp. secure equilibria) are guaranteed to exist in the multiplayer (resp. two-player) case. The existence of secure equilibria in the multiplayer case remained and is still an open problem. In this paper, we focus our study on the concept of subgame perfect equilibrium, a refinement of Nash equilibrium well-suited in the framework of games played on graphs. We also introduce the new concept of subgame perfect secure equilibrium. We prove the existence of subgame perfect equilibria (resp. subgame perfect secure equilibria) in multiplayer (resp. two-player) quantitative reachability games. Moreover, we provide an algorithm deciding the existence of secure equilibria in the multiplayer case

Fissuration par fatigue d’un tube de générateur de vapeur

Suite à une fuite sur un générateur de vapeur de la tranche 2 de la centrale de Fessenheim, une fissure circulaire de fatigue est observée au niveau de la plaque entretoise supérieure. Pour compléter les examens et le retour d’expérience international, un nouveau procédé d’extraction de tube a été développé, avant le remplacement du générateur de vapeur. Les examens en laboratoire ont permis d’exclure le scénario d’instabilité fluide-élastique et ont fourni de nouveaux éléments