Keithfield Plantation Bluff & Wharf Sites

This 36-page, unpublished document was written by SCIAA Research Associates Steve Howard, William R. (Billy) Judd, and Drew Ruddy for use by SCIAA

The First Billion Years

Spectral measurements of atomic and molecular lines embedded in the cosmic microwave background (CMB) have the potential to open entirely new probes of the early Universe. Two avenues are of great interest: 1) Spectral line deviations from the CMB blackbody spectrum will enable the study of hydrogen and helium recombination physics during and before the time of the surface of last scattering, and could provide the potential for game-changing discoveries by testing dark matter annihilation in the redshift range 6000> z > 1000, by allowing a test of the time-dependence of the fine-structure constant at a critical epoch, and by testing inflation models using an independent method. 2) Extension of CMB anisotropy measurements to detect unresolved spectral line emission from starforming galaxies during reionization (6 < z < 10) would directly delineate the large-scale structure of the galaxies responsible for reionizing the Universe and provide the only foreseeable measurements on scales sufficiently large to compare with upcoming observations of reionization by way of the redshifted hydrogen 21 cm line. CO, [C II], and Ly-a lines were investigated as promising targets. CO and [C II] line transitions emerged as particularly compelling. The two science objectives identified in the Program share some common core technological requirements based on the shared need for approximately 1000-element feed arrays followed by broadband, highresolution spectral correlators. The technical requirements lead to a roadmap for development of large feed arrays beginning with applications in a ground-based CO mapping instrument and leading to a spaceborne recombination-line all-sky spectrometer. The key technical issues include compact and light-weight integrated spectral dual-polarization inexpensive receiver modules, large high-resolution spectral correlators (analog and/or digital), and light-weight feeds. In parallel we recommend long-term investigations into high precision calibrators and calibration techniques that will be required for the recombination line instrument. A second roadmap addresses technical developments required for a 2-D spectroscopic instrument for [C II] mapping

The First Billion Years

Spectral measurements of atomic and molecular lines embedded in the cosmic microwave background (CMB) have the potential to open entirely new probes of the early Universe. Two avenues are of great interest: 1) Spectral line deviations from the CMB blackbody spectrum will enable the study of hydrogen and helium recombination physics during and before the time of the surface of last scattering, and could provide the potential for game-changing discoveries by testing dark matter annihilation in the redshift range 6000> z > 1000, by allowing a test of the time-dependence of the fine-structure constant at a critical epoch, and by testing inflation models using an independent method. 2) Extension of CMB anisotropy measurements to detect unresolved spectral line emission from starforming galaxies during reionization (6 < z < 10) would directly delineate the large-scale structure of the galaxies responsible for reionizing the Universe and provide the only foreseeable measurements on scales sufficiently large to compare with upcoming observations of reionization by way of the redshifted hydrogen 21 cm line. CO, [C II], and Ly-a lines were investigated as promising targets. CO and [C II] line transitions emerged as particularly compelling. The two science objectives identified in the Program share some common core technological requirements based on the shared need for approximately 1000-element feed arrays followed by broadband, highresolution spectral correlators. The technical requirements lead to a roadmap for development of large feed arrays beginning with applications in a ground-based CO mapping instrument and leading to a spaceborne recombination-line all-sky spectrometer. The key technical issues include compact and light-weight integrated spectral dual-polarization inexpensive receiver modules, large high-resolution spectral correlators (analog and/or digital), and light-weight feeds. In parallel we recommend long-term investigations into high precision calibrators and calibration techniques that will be required for the recombination line instrument. A second roadmap addresses technical developments required for a 2-D spectroscopic instrument for [C II] mapping

The Grizzly, September 9, 1988

Campus \u27Cheers\u27 Policy • Past Public Scandal Eludes Press • Frosh Still Fresh • U.C. Convocation Coverage • Letter: L\u27Amour Tacky • Hocker Anyone? • New Reign for King • Field Hockey Eyes Possible Post Season Tournament • Gridders Anticipate \u2788 Kickoff • Runners Sweep Classic • Soccer Starts Seasonhttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/grizzlynews/1216/thumbnail.jp

Compressor Controls

Discussion Grou

Divergent roles of IL-23 and IL-12 in host defense against Klebsiella pneumoniae

Interleukin (IL)-23 is a heterodimeric cytokine that shares the identical p40 subunit as IL-12 but exhibits a unique p19 subunit similar to IL-12 p35. IL-12/23 p40, interferon γ (IFN-γ), and IL-17 are critical for host defense against Klebsiella pneumoniae. In vitro, K. pneumoniae–pulsed dendritic cell culture supernatants elicit T cell IL-17 production in a IL-23–dependent manner. However, the importance of IL-23 during in vivo pulmonary challenge is unknown. We show that IL-12/23 p40–deficient mice are exquisitely sensitive to intrapulmonary K. pneumoniae inoculation and that IL-23 p19−/−, IL-17R−/−, and IL-12 p35−/− mice also show increased susceptibility to infection. p40−/− mice fail to generate pulmonary IFN-γ, IL-17, or IL-17F responses to infection, whereas p35−/− mice show normal IL-17 and IL-17F induction but reduced IFN-γ. Lung IL-17 and IL-17F production in p19−/− mice was dramatically reduced, and this strain showed substantial mortality from a sublethal dose of bacteria (103 CFU), despite normal IFN-γ induction. Administration of IL-17 restored bacterial control in p19−/− mice and to a lesser degree in p40−/− mice, suggesting an additional host defense requirement for IFN-γ in this strain. Together, these data demonstrate independent requirements for IL-12 and IL-23 in pulmonary host defense against K. pneumoniae, the former of which is required for IFN-γ expression and the latter of which is required for IL-17 production

The Grizzly, February 3, 1989

Hoc\u27sters Hammer Out Honesty Hazards • Middleton Mitts Mega-Bucks to Make Meta-Blood • Absentees Abound: Apathy Apparent • Letter: Bussers and Shirts Ream Reed • Pinsker\u27s Pace Paralyzes Prof. Pack • Grim Groans at Rock Ignorants • Plan B Plants U.C. in Place • Lady Bears Breeze by Lehigh • Hoopsters Haul Ball • AquaBears Swim On • Seniors Snarf Steak • Cinders Casting • Durst Demonstrates Decking Deftness • U.C. Supposedly Safe and Sound • Fruit Fantasy Makes Maxi Delight • U.C. Mourns Losshttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/grizzlynews/1227/thumbnail.jp