Summary of variables included in five linear regression models with best fit values (AICc).

<p>Variables, number of parameters in the model (K), Akaike’s Information Criterion adjusted for small sample size (AICc), difference of AICc between a model and the model with the lowest AICc (ΔAICc), and Nagelkerke’s R² values, are given for each model. See <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0127099#pone.0127099.t001" target="_blank">Table 1</a> for descriptions of environmental variables studied.</p><p>Summary of variables included in five linear regression models with best fit values (AICc).</p

Location of the study area in Patagonia, showing sampling sites at landscape and stand scale.

<p>Location of the study area in Patagonia, showing sampling sites at landscape and stand scale.</p

Environmental characteristics (mean ± standard error) of pine plantation stands with and without <i>S</i>. <i>noctilio</i> outbreaks in the three surveyed sites.

<p>Column labels CC shows the results of Spearman correlations</p><p>Environmental characteristics (mean ± standard error) of pine plantation stands with and without <i>S</i>. <i>noctilio</i> outbreaks in the three surveyed sites.</p

Relationship between the proportion of attacked trees by <i>S</i>. <i>noctilio</i> and the level of aggregation of the attack (Moran’s general autocorrelation index) for each of the 20 sampled stands.

<p>Relationship between the proportion of attacked trees by <i>S</i>. <i>noctilio</i> and the level of aggregation of the attack (Moran’s general autocorrelation index) for each of the 20 sampled stands.</p

Effect of previous experience on the preference of <i>Diachasmimorpha longicaudata</i> females for different fruit species.

<p>Bars show the number of females (conditioned either on apple or orange) visiting each option in the experiment 3. G-test level of significance: * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01.</p

Quality of different fruit species as foraging substrates.

<p>a) Mean parasitism rate by <i>Diachasmimorpha longicaudata</i> recorded in different fruit species infested by <i>Ceratitis capitata</i> larvae. b) Mean density of larvae offered during infested fruit exposure in experiment 4. Bars show the standard error of the mean.</p

Survival curves for adult <i>Diachasmimorpha longicaudata</i> reared on <i>Ceratitis capitata</i> larvae that developed in different host fruit.

<p>Different fruit species are labelled with a different shape: Apple: circles; Fig: squares; Orange: triangles; Peach: diamonds. (a) males and (b) females.</p

Pupal weight (mean ± S.E.) of <i>Ceratitis capitata</i> reared on different fruit species.

<p>Pupal weight (mean ± S.E.) of <i>Ceratitis capitata</i> reared on different fruit species.</p

Preference for different fruit species by <i>Diachasmimorpha longicaudata</i> females in a Y-tube olfactometer.

<p>Bars show the number of females visiting each option in each pair-wise combination among the four fruit species (experiment 1). G-test level of significance: * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01.</p

Preference of <i>Diachasmimorpha longicaudata</i> females for fruit with different levels of infestation by <i>Ceratitis capitata</i>.

<p>Bars show the number of females visiting each option in the experiment 2. H: high infestation level; L: low infestation level. G-test level of significance: n.s. = non-significant; * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01. n.s.</p