La culture de la samba comme élément de médiation et de formation des réseaux sociaux pour le développement local : les expériences récentes à Rio de Janeiro

L’article examine quelques défis actuels et des possibilités de mobilisation productive de la culture de la samba et du carnaval de la ville de Rio de Janeiro en vue de l’agenda urbain basé sur l’économie créative. À partir d’une littérature qui met en évidence le caractère stratégique des territoires dans l’économie cognitive-culturelle (Scott ; Leriche, 2005), nous admettons que le phénomène de la « samba-carnaval » dans la ville de Rio de Janeiro se caractérise comme un facteur de différenciation territorial capable de potentialiser les stratégies innovatrices de développement local.A cultura do samba como elemento de mediação e de formação de redes sociais de desenvolvimento local : experiências recentes na cidade do Rio de JaneiroO artigo explora alguns dos atuais desafios e possibilidades de mobilização produtiva das culturas do samba e do carnaval na cidade do Rio de Janeiro tendo em vista a construção de uma agenda urbana orientada sob o marco da economia criativa. A partir do reconhecimento do caráter estratégico dos territórios na economia contemporânea, definida cada vez mais por suas dimensões cognitivo-culturais (Scott ; Leriche, 2005), admitimos que o fenômeno “samba-carnaval” se caracteriza como um fator de diferenciação territorial capaz de potencializar estratégias inovadoras de desenvolvimento local e de inserção da cidade na economia mundial. No entanto, o foco exacerbado das ações sobre a dimensão do consumo da festa reduz outras dimensões potentes das dinâmicas sociais de produção na cidade, como as práticas de interação e cooperação produtiva. A partir do referencial teórico construído em torno das noções de ativos e recursos territoriais (Pecqueur ; Colletis, 2005), pretendemos analisar as contradições e conflitos derivados das formas de apropriação das culturas do samba e do carnaval à luz do projeto de cidade em curso e de seus possíveis efeitos sobre as dinâmicas de criatividade social local.The samba culture as an element of mediation and formation of social networking for local development : recent experiences in the city of Rio de JaneiroThe article examines some of the current challenges and opportunities for productive mobilization of the cultures of samba and carnival in the city of Rio de Janeiro considering an urban agenda based on creative economy. From a literature that highlights the strategic role of the territories in the cognitive-cultural economy (Scott ; Leriche, 2005), we assume that the phenomenon of “samba-carnival” in the city of Rio de Janeiro is characterized as a factor of territorial differentiation that leverage innovative strategies for local development and insertion of the city in the world economy

Cidade, cultura e desenvolvimento: perspectivas e desafios para a economia cultural-criativa do samba-carnaval carioca

O artigo discute as perspectivas de mobilização produtiva das culturas do samba e do carnaval na cidade do Rio de Janeiro à luz da atual agenda da economia criativa. A partir das noções de sistemas territoriais de produção (Maillat, 2002) e de ativos e recursos específicos (Pecqueur e Colletis, 2005), analisamos o papel do samba-carnaval como catalisador de interações estratégico para as dinâmicas de desenvolvimento territorial. Debatemos ainda, em linhas gerais, algumas das contradições derivadas das formas de apropriação do samba-carnaval no atual projeto de cidade e seus possíveis efeitos sobre as dinâmicas da criatividade social local. City, culture and development: prospects and challenges for the cultural and creative economy of Rio's samba carnival AbstractThe aim of this article is to discuss the prospects for productive mobilization of the cultures of samba and carnival in the city of Rio de Janeiro considering the current agenda of the creative economy. In view of the notions of territorial production systems (Maillat, 2002) and specific assets and resources (Pecqueur and Colletis, 2005), this study analyzes the role of samba carnival as a strategic catalyst for interactions to promote the dynamics of territorial development. Besides that, the article discusses some of the contradictions derived from forms of samba carnival appropriation in the current city planning and its possible effects on the dynamics of local social creativity

Vivre le territoire et faire la ville autrement ?

La ville et le territoire sont confrontés, en tant que construits sociaux, à des transformations rapides qui posent la question des mécanismes de résilience, des nouvelles formes d’action et du rôle des acteurs, publics ou privés, qui prennent en compte les bouleversements en cours. Ainsi, la créativité et l’innovation se trouvent au cœur de la réflexion urbaine et territoriale. L’ouvrage se structure autour de trois grands champs de réflexion : d’abord celui de l’innovation, de la culture, et de la formation en relation avec le développement territorial ; ensuite l’environnement, vu comme un bien public, notamment grâce à sa gestion, sa protection et la participation citoyenne ; et enfin la gouvernance, la planification et le projet urbain vus à travers le prisme des pratiques, expériences et mobilisations.Current mutations of cities and territories raise the question of new forms of action and the role of public and private actors. Creativity and innovation are at the heart of the reflection. This book provides answers on issues of urban innovation, territorial development and living together in France and Brazil

Behavioral responses of terrestrial mammals to COVID-19 lockdowns (code)

COVID-19 lockdowns in early 2020 reduced human mobility, providing an opportunity to disentangle its effects on animals from those of landscape modifications. Using GPS data, we compared movements and road avoidance of 2300 terrestrial mammals (43 species) during the lockdowns to the same period in 2019. Individual responses were variable, with no change in average movements or road avoidance behavior, likely due to variable lockdown conditions. However, under strict lockdowns, 10-day 95th percentile displacements increased by 73%, suggesting increased landscape permeability. Animals' 1-hour 95th percentile displacements declined by 12%, and animals were 36% closer to roads in areas of high human footprint, indicating reduced avoidance during lockdowns. Overall, lockdowns rapidly altered some spatial behaviors, highlighting variable but substantial impacts of human mobility on wildlife worldwide

Behavioral responses of terrestrial mammals to COVID-19 lockdowns

COVID-19 lockdowns in early 2020 reduced human mobility, providing an opportunity to disentangle its effects on animals from those of landscape modifications. Using GPS data, we compared movements and road avoidance of 2300 terrestrial mammals (43 species) during the lockdowns to the same period in 2019. Individual responses were variable, with no change in average movements or road avoidance behavior, likely due to variable lockdown conditions. However, under strict lockdowns, 10-day 95th percentile displacements increased by 73%, suggesting increased landscape permeability. Animals' 1-hour 95th percentile displacements declined by 12%, and animals were 36% closer to roads in areas of high human footprint, indicating reduced avoidance during lockdowns. Overall, lockdowns rapidly altered some spatial behaviors, highlighting variable but substantial impacts of human mobility on wildlife worldwide