Analysis of non-harmonic excitation of synthetic jet actuators

Axisymmetric synthetic jet actuator based on a loudspeaker was tested experimentally. The actuator was driven by a voltage waveform, whose shape was derived from a pulse-width modulated signal. While the duty cycle and frequency of the excitation signal were varied the outlet velocities were measured by a hot-wire probe. Integral quantities such as characteristic velocity, momentum flux, and kinetic energy flux were evaluated from the outlet velocities. Their maxima were located as functions of frequency and the duty cycle. The found maximal values were compared with results obtained for harmonic excitation. The highest improvement (about 18%) was achieved for kinetic energy flux

Modification of synthetic jet actuators for heat transfer

Synthetic jets as means of heat transfer are well known from literature. Aim of the paper is to summarise options how to set synthetic jet actuator so that the heat transfer is enhanced. The paper concerns two ways how to do it. Increasing positive velocity component at the synthetic jet actuator output and adjusting right actuator frequency are those possibilities

Comparison of synthetic jet actuators based on sharp-edged and round-edged nozzles

Axisymmetric synthetic jet actuators based on a loudspeaker and on two types of flanged nozzles were tested and compared experimentally. The first type of the nozzle was a sharp-edged circular hole. The second one had a special design with fillets at inner and outer nozzle exit and with a small step in the middle of the nozzle. The function of the step was to prevent the flow reattachment during the extrusion stroke. The actuators with the two types of nozzles were operated at resonance and were compared first qualitatively using a simple phase locked flow visualization. Then the hot-wire anemometer was used to measure velocity \ndistributions along nozzle axis and velocity profiles at the nozzle exit. Comparison of the nozzles was based on evaluation of the characteristic velocity and integral quantities (volumetric, momentum, and kinetic energy fluxes). It was found out that these quantities, which were evaluated at the nozzle exit, differ substantially for both nozzles. On the other hand the velocity flow field in farther distances from the nozzle exit area did not exhibit such prominent differences

Analysis of the axisymmetric pulsatile flow at the synthetic jet actuator output

This report is focused on a comparison between the experimental and theoretical results. The instantaneous velocity profiles were measured at the synthetic jet actuator output. The theoretical derivation focuses on the axisymmetric pulsatile flow in the tube with an infinite length, and the velocity profiles were derived from Navier-Stokes and continuity equations

Liquid thermal conductivity measurement of based on laminar convection

This research report describes a device for liquid thermal conductivity measurement, which was designed within the internal project no. 902156. The principle of measurement is based on known heat transfer parameters in laminar flow regime. An experimental rig with a precise mass flow regulation and temperature measurements was designed for this purpose. The rig was tested with a pure water and based on measured quantities its thermal conductivities were obtained at several liquid temperatures. The resultant conductivities were compared with known values for pure water and a good agreement was achieved

Kritérium vytvoření syntetizovaného proudu ve vzduchu

Synthetic jets are studied experimentally in this contribution. The present study is based on the hot-wire data measured in air. The formation criterion of the synthetic jet has been evaluated as relation of the Reynolds number and the Stokes number. Results were compared with literature and a very good agreement was concluded

Experimental evaluation of the gear windage loss and thermal load of a gear tooth

The report is written for the needs of the project no. TA04011656 (Research and development of new type of high-speed planetary gear unit with the flexible pin technology to support the planet wheels enabling the transmission of high outputs.). The first part of the report targets the topic of windage losses of a rotating toothed wheel, the experiments with testing gearbox Alfa II are introduced here, as well. The experiments included measurements of windage losses and temperature measurements along a wheel tooth width. Three geometrical configurations differing in wheel enclosure distance were tested, the case without the enclosure was tested too. The outcome of this part is an extension of the previous windage loss model for real geometry configuration: a wheel with an enclosure opened at place of oil outflow and at place of meshing with pinion.\nThe second part of the report targets the thermal load of a wheel tooth and presents experimental results of measurements of temperature distribution along the tooth. This part also contains the details concerning the numerical modeling of this problematic. The numerical analysis included (i) development of methodology for modeling of tooths meshing, (ii) development of the computational model, (iii) development of methodology for assessment of unknown values of some parameters of the model, (iv) development of algorithm. \

Effect of Aero-Therm insulation layer on the overall heat transfer coefficient

The aim of this work was to test the properties of Aero-Therm insulation layer by determining overall heat transfer coefficients for selected cases of flow past a sphere. The material of the sphere was copper to minimize uncertainties due to internal temperature gradients. Three variants were examined, which differed in sphere surface thermal insulation. In the first variant, the sphere with a diameter of 40 mm had no insulation; only a thin layer of a copper oxide was present on the surface only. In the second variant, the sphere was coated with Aero-Therm insulating layer with a thickness of about 1.5 mm. The third variant differed from the second one in the thickness of the insulating layer, which was 2.9 mm in this case. The overall heat transfer coefficients were determined for cooling the sphere by a forced convection by air at various flow velocities

A new method for fluid input into a hybrid synthetic jet actuator

A new principle of flow rectification for hybrid synthetic jet actuators is introduced in this paper. As is well known, the flow rectification can be best accomplished by means of fluidic diodes. Novelty of the present study are fluidic diodes with two mutually opposed nozzles. Interaction between the periodic jet flows from the nozzles causes a difference between the blowing and suction strokes, resulting in a particularly efficient rectification effect. The distance between the nozzle exits as well as the oscillation frequency were the parameters, which were varied during hot-wire measurements. The combination of those parameters achieving the highest volumetric efficiency was identified

Rezonanční frekvence generátorů syntetizovaných proudů

This contribution focuses on axisymmetric synthetic jet actuators from the theoretical point of view. In order to evaluate their resonance frequencies, four mathematical models were derived. The results were compared with experimental data, and analyzed. With respect to the theoretical and experimental results, the applicability and limits of the models were discussed. The results illustratively prove correctness of the previous derivation based on transformation of mechanical energy