Non-linear lateral buckling analysis of aluminium alloy channel beams

This research paper presents the comparative analysis of lateral-torsional buckling resistance of structural aluminium alloy members, accounting for the effects of initial geometrical imperfections. The results of non-linear numerical analysis, conducted using ABAQUS software, are compared with the results obtained by utilizing the procedure for calculation of LTB resistance suggested by EN 1999-1-1. The purpose of the analysis is the assessment of accuracy of the above-mentioned code-prescribed design method using the real Al channelsection members with initial imperfections on which the load does not act in the shear centre

Baktericidno delovanje nekih Bacillus spp. i Trichoderma harzianum na fitopatogene bakterije

Biological control is an innovative, cost effective and eco-friendly approach for control of many plant diseases. Bacillus sp. and Trichoderma sp. were known for its mycoparasitic and antagonistic mechanism in the control of wide range of phytopathogenic diseases in many types of crops. This research is based on the antibacterial activities of some Bacillus spp. and Trichoderma harzianum in relation to the 10 selected phytopathogenic bacteria in vitro study. The results indicated that among 52 strains of Bacillus spp. presented against phytopathogenic bacteria, only 6 of them showed inhibition but only against Xanthomonas genera. Other Bacillus spp. strains weren't effective against tested phytopathogenic bacteria. Results of testing of T. harzianum efficacy against the growth of selected phytopathogenic bacteria showed that this fungi could be effective to strains from genera Pseudomonas and Xanthomonas but for other tested genera was ineffective. In further work, all of this trial need to be supported by evaluation of antimicrobial activity in vivo.Biološka kontrola predstavlja inovativni, isplativ, ekološki pristup za suzbijanje mnogih biljnih bolesti. Vrste roda Bacillus i Trichoderma su poznati po svom mikoparazitskom i antagonističkom mehanizmu suzbijanja širokog spektra fitopatogenih prouzrokovača bolesti kod brojnih poljoprivrednih kultura. U ovom radu proučavano je baktericidno delovanje nekih vrsta roda Bacillus, kao i gljive Trichoderma harzianum na 10 odabranih fitopatogenih bakterija u in vitro uslovima. Prema dobijenim rezultatima, od ukupno 52 testirana izolata iz roda Bacillus, samo 6 je inhibiralo porast fitopatogenih bakterija i to samo iz roda Xanthomonas. Rezultati ispitivanja efikasnosti gljive T. harzianum su ukazali na mogućnost delovanja ove gljive na bakterije iz roda Pseudomonas i Xanthomonas, ali ne i na druge rodove fitopatogenih bakterija testirane u ovom radu. Dalja istraživanja treba bazirati na proučavanjima antimikrobne aktivnosti testiranih agenasa prema fitopatogenim bakterijama u in vivo ogledima

New Insight in the Occurrence of Early Blight Disease on Potato Reveals High Distribution of Alternaria solani and Alternaria protenta in Serbia

Early blight is an economically important disease of potato worldwide. Understanding which fungal pathogens are the causal agents of early blight and their distribution on the same host is essential to finding the best strategy for the control of this disease. Previous studies have shown that Alternaria solani is the main early blight pathogen parasitizing potato. Here, we analyzed genetic and phenotypic diversity in isolates of Alternaria spp. covering all potato production areas in Serbia. We showed that the four species of Alternaria were found in areas with different distributions of the species. The occurrence of Alternaria spp. was studied by analyzing isolates from symptomatic potato leaves during multiyear sampling. In addition to Alternaria solani, we detected three more large-spored species identified as A. linariae (syn. A. tomatophila), A. protenta, and A. grandis that were involved in early blight disease on naturally infected potato leaves in Serbia. Differentiation of species was supported by phylogeny obtained from the DNA sequences of the GAPDH, calmodulin and Rpb2 genes. Our findings present a new perspective into the population structure of large-spored Alternaria species associated with early blight disease. Within the groups of large-spored Alternaria present in Serbia, evidence of A. protenta at high frequency reveals new insight into the contribution of Alternaria species in early blight disease. This work opens new perspectives for early blight management, while the distribution of different species on the same host suggests that the etiology of disease could depend on crop organization and the presence of other Alternaria hosts in close proximity to potato plants

Aktivni i pasivni model u tumačenju kognitivne rezerve

Koncept kognitivne rezerve relevantan je pojam u svakoj situaciji u kojoj mozak pretrpi neku povredu, a kao ideja počinje da se javlja usled ponovljenog zapažanja da ne postoji direktna veza između moždane patologije, odnosno oštećenja mozga i kliničke manifestacije tog oštećenja. Cilj ovog rada bio je da se pregledom dostupne literature analizira koncept kognitivne rezerve i prikaže distinkcija između pasivnih i aktivnih modela u tumačenju kognitivne rezerve. Istraživanja pokazuju da kognitivnu rezervu možemo razumeti kao faktor koji modifikuje odnos između patologije mozga i njene kliničke manifestacije, pri čemu viši stepen kognitivne rezerve deluje kao protektivni faktor u razvoju različitih neuroloških simptoma. Pasivni model rezerve usko je vezan sa pojmom kapaciteta rezerve mozga i pretpostavlja da će se klinički deficit pojaviti onda kada se kapacitet rezerve iscrpi preko određenog kritičnog praga. U osnovi aktivnog modela stoje kognitivna rezerva i kompenzatorni mehanizmi mozga. Koncept kognitivne rezerve primenljiv je na skoro svaku situaciju u kojoj je funkcionisanje mozga na neki način poremećeno, te se u literaturi navode stanja poput Alchajmerove demencije, Parkinsonove bolesti, multiple skleroze, traumatske povrede mozga, psihijatrijskih poremećaja, itd. Merenje koginitivne rezerve zavisi od uvažavanja aktivnog ili pasivnog modela pri operacionalizaciji rezerve. Opravdanost izučavanja koncepta kognitivne rezerve može se ogledati u mogućnosti istraživanja varijabilnosti u individualnim performansama, kao i u razumevanju funkcionisanja mozga pod različitim vrstama patologije

Characteristics of the serbian version of the aims2 for people with rheumatoid arthritis

Reumatoidni artritis (RA) je bolest koja u velikoj meri određuje funkcionisanje osobe zbog čega je važno ustanoviti kvalitet života ovih individua. Cilj ovog istraživanja je prevod Upitnika za procenu uticaja artritisa 2 (Arthritis Impact Measurement Scales 2) na srpski jezik, i procena njegovih mernih svojstava kod osoba sa RA u Srbiji. Istraživanje je sprovedeno onlajn krajem 2021. godine, a uzorak su činile 106 ispitanica sa RA koje su anonimno popunile online formu upitnika koji je postavljen na društvene mreže. Rezultati istraživanja pokazali su visoku pouzdanost celokupne skale, dok je objektivnost instrumenta postignuta standardizacijom načina na koji se instrument zadaje, ocenjuje i tumači. Istraživanje je pokazalo i da ne postoji statistički značajna razlika među ispitanicima iz Srbije, Hrvatske i Bosne i Hercegovine ni na jednom od subtestova upitnika, a to je ispitivano zbog eventualnih jezičkih i kulturnih razlika koje postoje. Preporuka za buduća istraživanja je ispitivanje upitnika u test-retest situaciji, uvođenje kom- plementarnog upitnika, kao i da u nekom narednom korišćenju ovog instrumen- ta na srpskom jeziku u njegovom prevodu učestvuju reumatolozi, kao i osobe koje boluju od RA.__Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic and heterogeneous disease that largely determines a person’s physical and social functioning, which is why it is very important to establish the quality of life of these individuals. The aim of this research is the translation of the Arthritis impact measurement scales 2 (AIMS 2) into Serbian, and the assessment of its measurement properties in people with RA in Serbia. The research was conducted online at the end of 2021, and the sample consisted of 106 respondents with RA who anonymously filled out an online form of the questionnaire that was posted on social networks. The results of the research showed high reliability of the entire scale, while the objectivity of the instrument was achieved by standardizing the way the instrument is assigned, evaluated and interpreted. The research also showed that there is no statistically significant difference between respondents from Serbia, Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina on any of the subtests of the questionnaire, and this was investigated due to possible linguistic and cultural differences that exist. The recommendation for future research is to examine the questionnaire in a test-retest situation, to introduce a complementary questionnaire, as well as to involve rheumatologists and people suffering from RA in translation of the questionnaire into Serbian language in any future use of it

Occurrence and characterization of Alternaria species associated with leaf spot disease in rapeseed in Serbia

The global demand for rapeseed makes it one of the fastest growing markets in crop production, with a need for increasing growing area and productivity, both of which depend on effective pathogen control strategies. Alternaria pathogens cause serious losses of brassica crops and occur in most rapeseed-growing regions around the world. In this study, morphological, molecular, and pathogenic analyses of 113 isolates collected from nine important rapeseed-growing areas in Serbia identified four pathogens: Alternaria brassicae, A. brassicicola, A. japonica, and A. alternata, causing leaf spot disease. Molecular analyses of ITS, GAPDH, Alt a1, and ATP sequences revealed one multilocus haplotype for A. brassicae and A. japonica isolates, whereas for A. brassicicola and A. alternata three and five haplotypes were distinguished, respectively. Pathogenicity tests showed that A. brassicicola was the most virulent while A. brassicae and A. japonica exhibited the same level of pathogenicity. The A. alternata population was generally weakly pathogenic with one nonpathogenic, genetically separated but closely related group of isolates, suggesting that pathogenicity is more unstable in this phylogenetic lineage. The data recorded on rate of growth and sporulation of isolates at 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, and 40 °C revealed significant differences in evolutionary strategies among species, as A. alternata had the widest optimum range and the fastest growth rate, A. brassicicola showed the highest sporulation intensity, and A. brassicae expressed lower optimum temperatures for sporulation compared to other groups. All species indicated the potential for cross-infection of cabbage, and some haplotypes of A. brassicicola were previously isolated from horseradish in Serbia, suggesting the presence of one persistent Alternaria population on multiple brassica hosts in the region. This report describes the first detailed study of Alternaria spp. in rapeseed in Serbia

Characteristics of the serbian version of the aims2 for people with rheumatoid arthritis

Reumatoidni artritis (RA) je bolest koja u velikoj meri određuje funkcionisanje osobe zbog čega je važno ustanoviti kvalitet života ovih individua. Cilj ovog istraživanja je prevod Upitnika za procenu uticaja artritisa 2 (Arthritis Impact Measurement Scales 2) na srpski jezik, i procena njegovih mernih svojstava kod osoba sa RA u Srbiji. Istraživanje je sprovedeno onlajn krajem 2021. godine, a uzorak su činile 106 ispitanica sa RA koje su anonimno popunile online formu upitnika koji je postavljen na društvene mreže. Rezultati istraživanja pokazali su visoku pouzdanost celokupne skale, dok je objektivnost instrumenta postignuta standardizacijom načina na koji se instrument zadaje, ocenjuje i tumači. Istraživanje je pokazalo i da ne postoji statistički značajna razlika među ispitanicima iz Srbije, Hrvatske i Bosne i Hercegovine ni na jednom od subtestova upitnika, a to je ispitivano zbog eventualnih jezičkih i kulturnih razlika koje postoje. Preporuka za buduća istraživanja je ispitivanje upitnika u test-retest situaciji, uvođenje kom- plementarnog upitnika, kao i da u nekom narednom korišćenju ovog instrumen- ta na srpskom jeziku u njegovom prevodu učestvuju reumatolozi, kao i osobe koje boluju od RA.__Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic and heterogeneous disease that largely determines a person’s physical and social functioning, which is why it is very important to establish the quality of life of these individuals. The aim of this research is the translation of the Arthritis impact measurement scales 2 (AIMS 2) into Serbian, and the assessment of its measurement properties in people with RA in Serbia. The research was conducted online at the end of 2021, and the sample consisted of 106 respondents with RA who anonymously filled out an online form of the questionnaire that was posted on social networks. The results of the research showed high reliability of the entire scale, while the objectivity of the instrument was achieved by standardizing the way the instrument is assigned, evaluated and interpreted. The research also showed that there is no statistically significant difference between respondents from Serbia, Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina on any of the subtests of the questionnaire, and this was investigated due to possible linguistic and cultural differences that exist. The recommendation for future research is to examine the questionnaire in a test-retest situation, to introduce a complementary questionnaire, as well as to involve rheumatologists and people suffering from RA in translation of the questionnaire into Serbian language in any future use of it

Aktivni i pasivni model u tumačenju kognitivne rezerve

Koncept kognitivne rezerve relevantan je pojam u svakoj situaciji u kojoj mozak pretrpi neku povredu, a kao ideja počinje da se javlja usled ponovljenog zapažanja da ne postoji direktna veza između moždane patologije, odnosno oštećenja mozga i kliničke manifestacije tog oštećenja. Cilj ovog rada bio je da se pregledom dostupne literature analizira koncept kognitivne rezerve i prikaže distinkcija između pasivnih i aktivnih modela u tumačenju kognitivne rezerve. Istraživanja pokazuju da kognitivnu rezervu možemo razumeti kao faktor koji modifikuje odnos između patologije mozga i njene kliničke manifestacije, pri čemu viši stepen kognitivne rezerve deluje kao protektivni faktor u razvoju različitih neuroloških simptoma. Pasivni model rezerve usko je vezan sa pojmom kapaciteta rezerve mozga i pretpostavlja da će se klinički deficit pojaviti onda kada se kapacitet rezerve iscrpi preko određenog kritičnog praga. U osnovi aktivnog modela stoje kognitivna rezerva i kompenzatorni mehanizmi mozga. Koncept kognitivne rezerve primenljiv je na skoro svaku situaciju u kojoj je funkcionisanje mozga na neki način poremećeno, te se u literaturi navode stanja poput Alchajmerove demencije, Parkinsonove bolesti, multiple skleroze, traumatske povrede mozga, psihijatrijskih poremećaja, itd. Merenje koginitivne rezerve zavisi od uvažavanja aktivnog ili pasivnog modela pri operacionalizaciji rezerve. Opravdanost izučavanja koncepta kognitivne rezerve može se ogledati u mogućnosti istraživanja varijabilnosti u individualnim performansama, kao i u razumevanju funkcionisanja mozga pod različitim vrstama patologije

Stocktype effect on field performance of Austrian pine seedlings

Austrian pine (Pinus nigra Arnold) seedlings are one of the most produced planting material in Serbian nurseries. In this study we compared a field performance of two container stocktypes, one usually used (2+0 produced in Plantagrah I) and one recently introduced (1+0 produced in Hiko V120 SS). The trial was established at planting site Vlaško polje (East Serbia), at altitude of 840 m a.s.l., one year following the total destruction of previous pine plantation by ice. One-year-old Austrian pine seedlings produced in Hiko containers show similar initial height and root collar diameter at planting time as two-year-old seedlings produced in traditionally used Plantagrah I containers. There was no vegetation control at field trial during the first growing season. At the end of the first growing season, taller (15.6 cm) and more slender (H/D=4.5) 1+0 seedlings from Hiko containers survived at higher rate, and shorter (10.9 cm) and more stocky seedlings 2+0 produced in Plantagrah I grow in height at higher rate. Seedlings taller at the planting time kept their advantage in size after the first growing season at the field. We found that both stocktypes can be used in operational planting programs on sites with lack of vegetation control

Syntactic aspects of hypergraph polytopes

This paper introduces an inductively defined tree notation for allthe faces of polytopes arising from a simplex by truncations. This notation al-lows us to view inclusion of faces as the process of contracting tree edges. Ournotation instantiates to the well-known notations for the faces of associahedraand permutohedra. Various authors have independently introduced combina-torial tools for describing such polytopes. We build on the particular approachdeveloped by Doˇsen and Petri ́c, who used the formalism of hypergraphs to de-scribe the interval of polytopes from the simplex to the permutohedron. Thisinterval was further stretched by Petric to allow truncations of faces that arethemselves obtained by truncations, and iteratively so. Our notation applies toall these polytopes. We illustrate this by showing that it instantiates to a no-tation for the faces of the permutohedron-based associahedra, that consists ofparenthesised words with holes. Dosen and Petric have exhibited some familiesof hypergraph polytopes (associahedra, permutohedra, and hemiassociahedra)describing the coherences, and the coherences between coherences etc., arisingby weakening sequential and parallel associativity of operadic composition. Wecomplement their work with a criterion allowing us to recover the informationwhether edges of these “operadic polytopes” come from sequential, or fromparallel associativity. We also give alternative proofs for some of the originalresults of Dosen and Petric