Relationship between Tibia Length Measurements and Standing Height: A Prospective Regional Study among Adolescents in Southern Region of Kosovo

The purpose of this research is to examine standing height in both Kosovan genders in the Southern Region as well as its association with tibia length, as an alternative to estimating standing height. A total of 225 individuals (120 male and 105 female) participated in this research. The anthropometric measurements were taken according to the protocol of ISAK. The relationships between body height and tibia length were determined using simple correlation coeffi cients at a ninety-fi ve percent confi dence interval. A comparison of means of standing height and tibia length between genders was performed using a t-test. After that a linear regression analysis were carried out to examine extent to which tibia length can reliably predict standing height. Results displayed that Southern Kosovan male are 178.60±5.73 cm tall and have a tibia length of 39.93±2.34 cm, while Southern Kosovan female are 165.33±4.45 cm tall and have a tibia length of 35.50±2.07 cm. The results have shown that both genders made Southern-Kosovans a tall group, but shorter than general Kosovan population. Moreover, the tibia length reliably predicts standing height in both genders; but, not reliably enough as arm span. This study also confi rms the necessity for developing separate height models for each region in Kosovo as the results from Southern-Kosovans don’t correspond to the general values

Attitudes of Consumers from Educons University toward Advertising through Sport among the Question how Often they Participate in Sports Activities

This research was aimed at gaining relevant knowledge about the attitudes of Educons University consumers toward advertising through sport among the question how often they participate in sports activities. The sample included 200 students from Faculty of sport and tourism in Novi Sad, divided into six subsample groups: consumers who do not participate in sport activities at all, then consumers who participate in sport activities less than ones a month, next 1–4 a month, 5–10 a month, 11–20 a month, as well as consumers participate in sport activities more than 20 times a month. The sample of variables contained the system of three general attitudes which were modelled by seven-point Likert scale. The results of the measuring were analyzed by multivariate analysis (MANOVA) and univariate analysis (ANOVA) and Post Hoc test. Based on the statistical analyses it was found that significant differences occur at multivariate level, as well as between all three variables at a significance level of p=.000. Hence, it is interesting to highlight that it was found there are significant differences showed up between the consumers who participate in various sports activities. The significant differences were found in one of three variables, while the consumers who participate less than 4 times a moths had much more negative attitudes toward advertising though sport

Attitudes of Consumers from Educons University toward Advertising through Sport among the Frequency of Watching Sports Events

This investigation was aimed at gaining relevant knowledge about the attitudes of Educons University consumers toward advertising through sport among. The sample included 200 students from Faculty of sport and tourism in Novi Sad, divided into six subsample groups: consumers, who do not watch sports events at all, then consumers who watch sports events 1-30 minutes, next 31-60 minutes, 61-90 minutes, 91-120 minutes, as well as consumers who watch sports events more than 120 minutes during the typical day. The sample of variables contained the system of three general attitudes which were modelled by seven-point Likert scale. The results of the measuring were analyzed by multivariate analysis (MANOVA) and univariate analysis (ANOVA) and Post Hoc test. Based on the statistical analyses it was found that significant differences occur at multivariate level, as well as between all three variables at a significance level of p=.00. Hence, it is interesting to highlight that it was found there are significant differences showed up between the attitudes of consumers toward advertising through sport among the frequency of watching sports events. The significant differences were found in two of three variables, while the consumers who do not watch sports events had much more negative attitudes toward advertising though sport

Relationship between Foot Length Measurements and Body Height: A Prospective Regional Study among Adolescents in Central Region of Kosovo

The research purpose is to examine standing height in association with foot length in both Kosovan genders in the Central Region, as an alternative to estimating standing height. A 193 individuals (100 male and 93 female) were examined. The anthropometric measurements were taken according to the protocol of ISAK. Body height and foot length relationships were determined using simple correlation coeffi cients at a ninety-fi ve percent confi dence interval. A comparison of means of standing height and foot length between genders was performed using a t-test. After that a linear regression analysis were carried out to examine extent to which foot length can reliably predict standing height. Results displayed that Central Kosovan male are 180.32±5.88 cm tall and have a foot length of 26.41±1.09 cm, while female are 166.77±4.72 cm tall with a foot length of 23.61±0.92 cm. The results have shown that both genders made Central-Kosovans a tall group, taller that general Kosovan population. Moreover, the foot length reliably predicts standing height in both genders; but, not reliably enough as arm span. This study also confi rms the necessity for developing separate height models for each region in Kosovo as the results from Central-Kosovans don’t correspond to the general values

Differences in the Morphological Characteristics and Body Composition of Football Players FC Trepca ´89 and FC Prishtina in Kosovo

The aim of this research was to determine the differences among the top football players of the two Kosovo clubs FC Trepca ´89 and FC Prishtina in the morphological characteristics and body composition. A sample of 35 examinees was divided into two sub-samples. The first sub-sample of the examinees consisted of 15 players of FC Trepca ´89 of the average age 21.80±3.57, the champions of the Kosovo Championship in the season 2016/17, while the other sub-sample consisted of 20 players of FC Prishtina of the average age of 24.30±4.99, the vice champions of the Kosovo Championship in the season 2016/17. Football players were tested immediately after the end of the competition season 2016/17. Morphological characteristics (7) in the body composition (4) were evaluated by a battery of 11 variables: body height, body weight, waist size, triceps skin set, biceps skin set, back skin set and abdominal skin set, body mass index, fat percentage, muscle mass and bone mass. The standard central and dispersive parameters of all variables were calculated. The significance of the differences between the players of the top two football clubs in the morphological characteristics and variables for assessing body composition was determined by a t-test for independent samples. It was found that the football players of the two mentioned clubs dont have statistically significant differences by the variables that estimate the morphological characteristics and body composition

Effect of functional training on physical fitness among athletes: a systematic review

There is evidence that functional training is beneficial for the overall physical fitness of athletes. However, there is a lack of a systematic review focused on the effects of functional training on athletes’ physical fitness. Thus, the aimed of the present review is to clarify the effects of functional training on physical fitness among athletes. In accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyzes (PRISMA) Statement guidelines, the systematic search of PubMed, SCOPUS, EBSCOhost (SPORTDiscus), and CINAHL Plus databases was undertaken on the 2nd November 2020 to identify the reported studies, using a combination of keywords related to functional training, physical fitness, and athletes. From the 145 studies, only nine articles met all eligibility criteria and were included in the systematic review. The assessment was performed on the Pedro scale, and the quality of the study included in the nine studies was fair (ranging from 3 to 4). The results showed that speed (n = 6) was the aspect of physical fitness studied in functional training interventions, followed by muscular strength (n = 5), power (n = 4), balance (n = 3), body composition (n = 3), agility (n = 3), flexibility (n= 1) and muscular endurance (n = 1). Existing evidence concludes that functional training significantly impacts speed, muscular strength, power, balance, and agility. Furthermore, there are still limit numbers of evidence showing effect of functional training on flexibility and muscular endurance. In contrast, no significant improvement was found in body composition where functional training was conducted

Relationship between Sitting Height Measurements and Standing Height: A Prospective Regional Study among Adolescents in Eastern Region of Kosovo

The purpose of this research is to examine standing height in both Kosovan genders in the Eastern Region as well as its association with sitting height, as an alternative to estimating standing height. A total of 364 individuals (185 male and 179 female) participated in this research. The anthropometric measurements were taken according to the protocol of ISAK. The relationships between body height and sitting height were determined using simple correlation coeffi cients at a ninety-fi ve percent confi dence interval. A comparison of means of standing height and sitting height between genders was performed using a t-test. After that a linear regression analysis were carried out to examine extent to which sitting height can reliably predict standing height. Results displayed that Eastern Kosovan male are 178.79±6.07cm tall and have a sitting height of 96.07±3.51cm, while Eastern Kosovan female are 164.60±4.72cm tall and have a sitting height of 90.70±2.92cm. The results have shown that both genders made Eastern-Kosovans a tall group, but a little bit shorter than general Kosovan population. Moreover, the sitting height reliably predicts standing height in both genders; but, not reliably enough as arm span. This study also confi rms the necessity for developing separate height models for each region in Kosovo as the results from Eastern-Kosovans don’t correspond to the general values