Le choix rationnel en science politique

Les sciences politiques françaises et, plus largement, continentales sont restées largement imperméables à une dynamique théorique majeure de ces dernières années : la montée en puissance du paradigme du choix rationnel en Grande Bretagne et aux Etats-Unis. Cet ouvrage regroupe les contributions d’auteurs de divers horizons théoriques qui s’interrogent de manière critique et réflexive sur les raisons de cette résistance. A-t-on raison de voir dans le choix rationnel le bras armé de l’idéologie néolibérale dans le monde académique ? Notre faible intérêt pour cette approche découle-t-il d’une fascination « historiquement construite » pour la culture lettrée ? Un usage « instrumental » et parcimonieux de ce paradigme est-il possible

Low incidence of SARS-CoV-2, risk factors of mortality and the course of illness in the French national cohort of dialysis patients

International audienceThe aim of this study was to estimate the incidence of COVID-19 disease in the French national population of dialysis patients, their course of illness and to identify the risk factors associated with mortality. Our study included all patients on dialysis recorded in the French REIN Registry in April 2020. Clinical characteristics at last follow-up and the evolution of COVID-19 illness severity over time were recorded for diagnosed cases (either suspicious clinical symptoms, characteristic signs on the chest scan or a positive reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction) for SARS-CoV-2. A total of 1,621 infected patients were reported on the REIN registry from March 16th, 2020 to May 4th, 2020. Of these, 344 died. The prevalence of COVID-19 patients varied from less than 1% to 10% between regions. The probability of being a case was higher in males, patients with diabetes, those in need of assistance for transfer or treated at a self-care unit. Dialysis at home was associated with a lower probability of being infected as was being a smoker, a former smoker, having an active malignancy, or peripheral vascular disease. Mortality in diagnosed cases (21%) was associated with the same causes as in the general population. Higher age, hypoalbuminemia and the presence of an ischemic heart disease were statistically independently associated with a higher risk of death. Being treated at a selfcare unit was associated with a lower risk. Thus, our study showed a relatively low frequency of COVID-19 among dialysis patients contrary to what might have been assumed