Three rare and accidental findings of hemoglobinopathies encountered in high-performance liquid chromatography: case series

Hemoglobinopathies are the leading cause of some major genetic and social health problem in India. Among all hemoglobinopathies, sickle cell disorder and thalassemia are commonly found in Gujarat state. Double heterozygous state of hemoglobin S and D, hemoglobin E trait, hemoglobin D disease are very uncommon. In present instance, one case of 25-year-old male was diagnosed with sickle cell hemoglobin D disease. The case was confirmed through slide-based sickle test and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The peripheral smear findings showed presence of microcytic hypochromic red blood cells (RBCs) and many sickled RBCs. Ultrasonography (USG) findings showed hepatomegaly. Second case of 30-year-old female was diagnosed with hemoglobin E trait. The case was confirmed by HPLC. The peripheral findings showed normocytic normochromic RBCs and occasional target cells. Presence of gross hepatomegaly on palpation. Third case of 20-year-old female was diagnosed with hemoglobin D trait. The case was confirmed by HPLC. The peripheral findings showed normocytic normochromic RBCs

Hepatic adenoma-an unusual case report

A 70-year-old female visited to tertiary care hospital with complains of abdominal pain on and off for 2 years. Pain gradually increased and was associated with vomiting. Patient is a known case of hypertension and diabetes mellitus. The patient`s complete blood count was normal with increased coagulation profile. Provisional clinical diagnosis was fibronodular variant of hepatocellular carcinoma. Computed tomography scan suggestive of fibronodular hyperplasia. Specimen received in pathology department, which on gross examination showed well circumscribed, well encapsulated tumour with variegated appearance. Histopathological diagnosis of Hepatic adenoma was made

Charge transport mechanisms in monovalent doped mixed valent manganites

Abstract In this communication, we report the results of the studies on structural and transport properties of monovalent Na + doped La 1-x Na x MnO 3 (LNMO; x = 0.00, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20, 0.25 and 0.30) manganites synthesized by conventional ceramic method. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Rietveld refinements reveal the single phasic nature of LNMO manganites without any detectable impurity within the measurement range. Temperature dependent resistivity, under different applied magnetic fields, has been performed on LNMO samples. Samples understudy exhibit metal to insulator (semiconductor) transition at temperature T P which is strongly influenced by the substitution of Na + at La 3+ site. -T plots also exhibit resistivity upturn behavior at low temperature well below 40K under all the applied fields. Variation in T P and resistivity has been discussed in the context of the competition between the transport favoring tolerance factor and zener double exchange (ZDE) mechanism and transport degrading Jahn-Teller (JT) and size variance effects. In order to understand the mechanisms responsible for the charge transport in metallic and semiconducting regions and to explore the possible electronic processes responsible for the observed low temperature resistivity minima in all the presently studied LNMO manganites, various models have been employed. It has been found that VRH mechanism gets successfully fitted to the resistivity data in the semiconducting region while ZDE polynomial law is responsible for the charge conduction in metallic region for all the presently studied LNMO samples. A strong dependence of activation energy on the Na + -content as well as applied magnetic field has been discussed in the context of variation and interrelations between the structural parameters. Charge conduction in metallic region has been discussed in the light of electron-phonon interactions which is influenced by the Na + -content and applied magnetic field. Electrostatic blockade model has been employed to understand the low temperature resistivity minima behavior. Blocking energy for the charge carriers shows a dependence on the magnetic energy provided to the charge carriers. Present study can be useful to understand and to control the charge conduction in the manganites and hence to design the manganite based thin film devices for various spintronic applications

Study of Prevalence of Thalassemia and its variants using HPLC – A Hospital based Retrospective Study

Background: Structural defect in haemoglobin are the most common inherited abnormalities of hemoglobin synthesis. Objective: Early and accurate diagnosis of hemoglobinopathies. Diagnosis of these disorders through HPLC is most convient investigation for diagnosis of hemoglobinapathies. Results and conclusion: Abnormal hemoglobin fractions on HPLC were seen in 338 cases of total 730 samples examined. Out of all the cases, β Thalassemia Minor was the predominant abnormality. 75 cases (10.27%) were β Thalassemia Major and 17 cases (2.325%) were β Thalassemia Intermedia. 2 cases with diagnosis of Sickle β thalassemia were reported. In our study, one case of δβ thalassemia and 4 cases of δβ thalassemia trait were also reported. HPLC is easy and convient method to rule out hemoglobinopathies. The trend of labelling the diagnosis of hemoglobinopathy with HPLC instead of Hb Electrophoresis is rapidly rising. Thus, HPLC is a better tool to rule out hemoglobinopathy and improve the life standards of general population

Overall survival in the OlympiA phase III trial of adjuvant olaparib in patients with germline pathogenic variants in BRCA1/2 and high-risk, early breast cancer

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