LAND APPLICATION OF SWINE WASTE: REGULATION AND PRODUCER PRACTICES IN OKLAHOMA

Livestock Production/Industries,

Letter From Joseph K. Williams to the Editors of the Pennsylvania Dutchman, April 28, 1954

A handwritten letter from Joseph K. Williams addressed to the editors of the Pennsylvania Dutchman, dated April 28, 1954. Within, Williams provides a biographical account of artist Frederick Sands Brunner, noting highlights of his career. Williams requests that the Dutchman publish an article about Brunner in honor of his death.https://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/shoemaker_documents/1112/thumbnail.jp

Who\u27s to blame? Client Problems and the Causal Attributions Made by Counselors-in- training

The researchers examined the relationship between cognitive complexity, attribution styles, and demographic variables of 86 counselors-in-training concerning the cause of and solution to clients’ problems. A significant relationship was found between counselors’ moral attribution styles and cognitive complexity levels. Differences were found in general preferences for specific attribution styles for the counselors studied as well as by training level. Implications of the findings for counselor preparation and training are discussed

Nutrient Loading of Streams Entering Sodus Bay and Port Bay, NY 1 April, 1990 To 30 June, 1991

Freshwater resources have historically played a key role in community development and sustainability. Maintaining a high quality freshwater resource is of equal importance. Within the Finger Lakes Region of New York State, degradation of water quality and aesthetics due to excessive plant growth is a growing concern. Involved agencies have recently focused their attention on non-point source pollution as a primary candidate linked to accelerated macrophyte growth and surface water degradation. Wayne County recognizes the importance of maintaining a quality water resource and has responded by developing a Water Quality Program. Established in 1 987 and administered jointly between the Wayne County Soil and Water Conservation District and the Wayne County Planning Department, the program has received financial support made possible through the Finger Lakes Aquatic Vegetation Control Program (AVCP). The AVC program was created through a mutual effort between the New York State Legislature, the Department of Environmental Conservation and the Finger Lakes Water Resources Board. The overall goal of Wayne County\u27s water quality program is to develop a long-term water quality /lake management plan designed to control non-point source pollution on Sodus and Port Bays. Once implemented, this plan will serve to protect the integrity of these resources. A major improvement in our assessment capability occurred with the construction of a continuous stage height recorder on Sodus Creek. The addition of the continuous stream height recorder fine tunes our ability to evaluate nutrient and sediment loading into Sodus Bay during hydrologic events. In addition ,initiation of weekly sampling of Wolcott Creek on Port Bay has expanded this program to another body of water in Wayne County. The objectives of Wayne County\u27s program include: 1 ) To determine the status of Wayne County\u27s primary surface waters and observe changes over time; 2) To document what types and amounts of nutrients may be adversely impacting water quality and the conditions which generate them; 3) To develop a technical database for informed water quality management decisions; and 4) To assess the feasibility and effectiveness of potential control measures likely to be used to reduce non-point sources

Who\u27s to blame? Client Problems and the Causal Attributions Made by Counselors-in- training

The researchers examined the relationship between cognitive complexity, attribution styles, and demographic variables of 86 counselors-in-training concerning the cause of and solution to clients’ problems. A significant relationship was found between counselors’ moral attribution styles and cognitive complexity levels. Differences were found in general preferences for specific attribution styles for the counselors studied as well as by training level. Implications of the findings for counselor preparation and training are discussed

Substrate Stiffness Controls Osteoblastic and Chondrocytic Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells without Exogenous Stimuli

Stem cell fate has been linked to the mechanical properties of their underlying substrate, affecting mechanoreceptors and ultimately leading to downstream biological response. Studies have used polymers to mimic the stiffness of extracellular matrix as well as of individual tissues and shown mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) could be directed along specific lineages. In this study, we examined the role of stiffness in MSC differentiation to two closely related cell phenotypes: osteoblast and chondrocyte. We prepared four methyl acrylate/methyl methacrylate (MA/MMA) polymer surfaces with elastic moduli ranging from 0.1 MPa to 310 MPa by altering monomer concentration. MSCs were cultured in media without exogenous growth factors and their biological responses were compared to committed chondrocytes and osteoblasts. Both chondrogenic and osteogenic markers were elevated when MSCs were grown on substrates with stiffnesschondrocytes, MSCs on lower stiffness substrates showed elevated expression of ACAN, SOX9, and COL2 and proteoglycan content; COMP was elevated in MSCs but reduced in chondrocytes. Substrate stiffness altered levels of RUNX2 mRNA, alkaline phosphatase specific activity, osteocalcin, and osteoprotegerin in osteoblasts, decreasing levels on the least stiff substrate. Expression of integrin subunits α1, α2, α5, αv, β1, and β3 changed in a stiffness- and cell type-dependent manner. Silencing of integrin subunit beta 1 (ITGB1) in MSCs abolished both osteoblastic and chondrogenic differentiation in response to substrate stiffness. Our results suggest that substrate stiffness is an important mediator of osteoblastic and chondrogenic differentiation, and integrin β1 plays a pivotal role in this process

ACUTE EFFECTS OF STRENGTH TRAINING ON RUNNING ECONOMY

Sequencing strength training before aerobic conditioning is practised without empirical support. This study explored the acute effects of strength training on running economy and 3-D kinematics in five males. Running was performed on a treadmill at 12 and 14 km/h on three separate occasions. Trial 1 and 2 involved no strength training with data used to assess response stability of the variables. Before Trial 3, three sets of three repetitions at 85% of 1 repetition maximum of squat, bench press and deadlift with 3-5 minutes of rest were performed. Compared to Trial 2 no significant differences were observed when strength training was performed. Only a tendency of increased knee flexion (4.5°) at foot strike at the higher running velocity was observed. This suggests that running kinematics were changed exposing participants to long-term chronic injuries