La atención de los estudiantes durante la clase de educación física basada en el rendimiento académico

Attention is an important variable that can dictate the success and failure of an activity or task. This variable is characterized by the ability to direct cognitive resources to a given situation. The purpose of this research was to find patterns in the students’ attention profiles, according to their academic achievement, during the physical education class and in different sports. We used the ATEST-EF questionnaire (Petrica, 2010) in which students had to answer the question «What were you thinking the moment you heard the signal?» The study involved 156 students from the 3th cycle of basic education, aged between 12 and 16 years old ( = 14,7 ± 1,3) evaluated in four different sports taught in the discipline of physical education (athletics, gymnastics, basketball and football), and in four moments of the class. Considering our variables, we used Chi-Square and Kruskal-Wallis statistical tests. The results show that task attendance holdsthehighestpercentagevalues throughouttheclassinrelationtotheremainingcategories,regardlessoftheiracademicperformance and sport, but we observed that students with satisfactory and good academic performance have more stable values of attention regarding the students with less academic performance. We found statistical significance at the end of the class between students with good academic performance and affective attention, and among students with lower academic performance and attention to other things. Subsequently, we used the same classification to compare the profiles of attention among the four mentioned sports. We observed some patterns between team and individual sports, but did not find statistically differences, however the results suggest a positive relationship between attention and academic performance.La atención es una variable importante que puede dictar el éxito y el fracaso de una actividad o tarea. Esta variable se caracteriza por la capacidad de dirigir recursos cognitivos a una situación dada. El propósito de esta investigación fue encontrar patrones en los perfiles de atención de los estudiantes, de acuerdo con sus logros académicos, durante la clase de educación física y en diferentes deportes. Utilizamos el cuestionario ATEST-EF (Petrica, 2010) en el que los estudiantes tenían que responder la pregunta «Qué estaba pensando en el momento en que escuchó la señal?» En el estudio participaron 156 estudiantes del tercer ciclo de educación básica, con edades comprendidas entre 12 y 16 años (= 14,7 ± 1,3) evaluados en cuatro deportes diferentes que se imparten en la disciplina de educación física (atletismo, gimnasia, baloncesto y fútbol), y en cuatro momentos de la clase. Considerando nuestras variables, utilizamos las pruebas estadísticas Chi-Square y Kruskal-Wallis. Los resultados muestran que la asistencia a las tareas tiene los valores porcentuales más altos en toda la clase en relación con las categorías restantes, independientemente de su rendimiento académico y deporte, pero observamos que los estudiantes con un rendimiento académico satisfactorio y bueno tienen valores de atención más estables con respecto a los estudiantes con Menos rendimiento académico. Encontramos significación estadística al final de la clase entre estudiantes con buen rendimiento académico y atención afectiva, y entre estudiantes con bajo rendimiento académico y atención a otras cosas. Posteriormente, utilizamos la misma clasificación para comparar los perfiles de atención entre los cuatro deportes mencionados. Observamos algunos patrones entre el equipo y los deportes individuales, pero no encontramos diferencias estadísticas, sin embargo, los resultados sugieren una relación positiva entre la atención y el rendimiento académico.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Psychometric validation of Atest-EF and attention profile of students during physical education classes

The present study aimed for the adaptation and validation of the Questionnaire Atest-EF, with the use of a confirmatory factorial analysis (CFA) of the measurement model, applied to students of the 3rd cycle of Basic Education. A total of 156 students of both genders, aged between 12 and 16 years (M = 14.7 ± SD = 1.3) were included in the study, with 84 female and 71 males, from the 7th, 8th and 9th grade. The main results reveal that the psychometric qualities confirm the adequacy of this model, demonstrating that the Atest-EF factorial structure: 1 factor/4 items, has very acceptable indexes of Atest - EF validity: (χ2 = 6.141, p = .000, χ2/gl = 3.07, NFI = 0.90 CFI = .925, IFI = .930, MFI = .9997, GFI = .995, AGFI = .975, RMR = .042, RMSEA = .08, SRMR = .028). With these results, the structural model reveals a satisfactory factorial assessment. This led to conclude that the Portuguese version of Atest-EF can be used, with high confidence in the evaluation of the student’s attention profiles in Physical Education classes. Compared with the moments of the class, there were only significant differences in students’ attention in the approach to sports in the first and fourth moments of the class, as well as in the general profile of attention, with significantly higher values in the approach to team sports.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Large pseudoscalar Yukawa couplings in the complex 2HDM

We start by presenting the current status of a complex flavour conserving two-Higgs doublet model. We will focus on some very interesting scenarios where unexpectedly the light Higgs couplings to leptons and to b-quarks can have a large pseudoscalar component with a vanishing scalar component. Predictions for the allowed parameter space at end of the next run with a total collected luminosity of $300 \, fb^{-1}$ and $3000 \, fb^{-1}$ are also discussed. These scenarios are not excluded by present data and most probably will survive the next LHC run. However, a measurement of the mixing angle $\phi_\tau$, between the scalar and pseudoscalar component of the 125 GeV Higgs, in the decay $h \to \tau^+ \tau^-$ will be able to probe many of these scenarios, even with low luminosity. Similarly, a measurement of $\phi_t$ in the vertex $\bar t t h$ could help to constrain the low $\tan \beta$ region in the Type I model.Comment: 21 pages, 10 figure

Efeitos de um programa de ginástica sénior na capacidade funcional em idosos institucionalizados no concelho de Mação

El envejecimiento ha sido caracterizado por una pérdida progresiva de las capacidades fisiológicas, llevando a una mayor vulnerabilidad en el desarrollo de patologías (Araújo et al., 2015). En Portugal, datos que verifiquen niveles de AF o funcionalidad, de la población anciana, y que (nuestro objetivo es estudiar los efectos de un programa de Gimnasia Senior, con la duración de 12 semanas, en la capacidad funcional de los ancianos en el municipio de Mação después de la aplicación parcial de la batería de pruebas Senior Fitness Test (SFT) verificando si, en el post-test del IMC y de la flexión del Antebrazo existen diferencias estadísticamente significativas. El estudio presenta carácter experimental, analítico y longitudinal. La muestra (por conveniencia) constituida por 23 ancianos institucionalizados a frecuentar el Hogar de Ancianos de la Santa Casa de la Misericordia de Mación. Después de la selección de la muestra y después de la aplicación de la batería de pruebas de Rikli & Jones, los sujetos fueron divididos en 2 grupos grupo de control (GC): 10 ancianos que no participaron en el programa de gimnasia senior, continuando manteniendo estilos de vida más sedentarios presentando un promedio de edades de 79,6 ± 6,45 años; grupo experimental (GE): 13 ancianos que participaron en el programa de Gimnasia Senior de 12 semanas presentando una media de edad de 87,15 ± 6,09 años. La muestra presenta en el GC 3 hombres y 7 mujeres. Ya en el GE presenta 3 hombres y 10 mujeres. Los principales resultados de nuestro estudio muestran que el IMC en el GE es superior presentando una media de 28,61 ± 2,57 en comparación con el IMC del GC que presenta una media de 27,71 ± 4,8. Se observa que el IMC dentro del GE es mayor en el género masculino. En cuanto al IMC del GC el mayor es en el género femenino presentando 27,87. En cuanto a la prueba de flexión del antebrazo, la media del GE es bastante superior a la del GC, presentando 13 ± 4,36 contra 7,1 ± 2,42. También podemos ver que el género masculino del GE fue el que realizó más ejecuciones cerca de 15,33, contrastando con el género masculino del GC que fue el que realizó el menor número de ejecuciones, 6,67. Para la verificación de las diferencias estadísticamente significativas se aplicó la prueba t student. Se verificó entonces que tanto en la prueba del IMC como en la prueba de la Flexión del antebrazo los valores obtenidos fueron todos inferiores a 0,05, existiendo entonces diferencias estadísticamente significativas. Se observa que en los GC y GE a normalidad de muestra de la prueba de flexión del antebrazo los valores son aproximados, 0, 89 para el GC y 0,79 para el GE. En el IMC se verifica que los valores son bastantes diferenciados, siendo el GC 0,84 y el GE apenas 0,25. Como conclusión, en este estudio las pruebas IMC y flexión del antebrazo presentaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas, o bien ha comprobado que, además de que las personas mayores han mejorado su capacidad funcional, estas mejoras se lograron mediante la aplicación del programa de gimnasiainfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Proposta de avaliação para a área de gerontomotricidade

O presente artigo tem como objetivo verificar qual a capacidade funcional e a composição corporal (IMC) da população idosa, alunos de uma turma de ginástica sénior antes de iniciar um programa de atividade física controlado com a duração de 10 meses. Para a realização deste estudo utilizar- se-á uma amostra formada por um grupo de 12 idosos, praticantes de ginástica Sénior, da povoação Sobral Fernando, do Concelho de Proença-a- Nova, com idades compreendidas entre os 60 e os 85 anos. Será aplicada a bateria de testes de Rikli e Jones (2001) a todos os idosos no início do programa. O tratamento dos dados obtidos, será feito através do programa estatístico Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). Esperamos verificar com o nosso estudo, que a condição física dos participantes estará dentro dos padrões da sua idade, sendo que, depois na segunda avaliação no fim do programa, essas capacidades possam, eventualmente, manterse e melhorar.Câmara Municipal de Idanha-a-Nova, SHERU - Sport, Health & Exrecise Research Unit, Intituto Politécnico de Castelo Brancoinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Developing a timed navigation architecture for hospital delivery robots

In hospitals, typical tasks of delivering goods between different locations are usually done by auxiliary staff. With the development of robotic technologies, such tasks can be performed by mobile robots releasing the staff effort to other tasks. In order to successfully complete the tasks of delivering goods inside hospitals, mobile robots should be able to generate trajectories free of collisions. In addition, including timing constraints to the generated trajectories has not been addressed in most current robotic systems, and it is critical in robotic tasks as human-robot interaction. Including timing constraints means to obey to the planned movement time, despite diversified environmental conditions or perturbations. In this paper we aim to develop a navigation architecture with timing constraints based on a mesh of nonlinear dynamical systems and feedthrough maps for wheeled mobile robots. A simulated hospital environment and a wheeled robot pioneer 3-DX are used to demonstrate the robustness and reliability of the proposed architecture in cluttered, dynamic and uncontrolled hospital scenarios

Timed trajectory generation combined with an Extended Kalman Filter for a vision-based autonomous mobile robot

Series : Advances in intelligent systems and computing, vol. 193, ISSN 2194-5357Planning collision-free trajectories requires the combination of generation and modulation techniques. This is especially important if temporal stabilization of the generated trajectories is considered. Temporal stabilization means to conform to the planned movement time, in spite of environmental conditions or perturbations. This timing problem has not been addressed in most current robotic systems, and it is critical in several robotic tasks such as sequentially structured actions or human-robot interaction. This work focuses on generating trajectories for a mobile robot, whose goal is to reach a target within a constant time, independently of the world complexity. Trajectories are generated by nonlinear dynamical systems. Herein, we extend our previous work by including an Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) to estimate the target location relative to the robot. A simulated hospital environment and a Pioneer 3-AT robot are used to demonstrate the robustness and reliability of the proposed approach in cluttered, dynamic and uncontrolled scenarios. Multiple experiments confirm that the inclusion of the EKF preserves the timing properties of the overall architecture.Work supported by the Portuguese Science Foundation (grant PTDC/EEA-CRO/100655/2008), and by project FCT PEst-OE/EEI/LA0009/2011. Jorge B. Silva is supported by PhD Grant SFRH/BD/68805/2010, granted by the Portuguese Science Foundation

Benefits of physical activity in neurotrophic factors

This work is a review with a main objective: to develop knowledge about physical activity in neurotrophic factors. We have outlined three objectives within the affective, psychomotor and cognitive domains. These are respectively: the value of the practice of physical activity (PA) and to explain the relationship between the practice of PA and neurotrophic fac- tors. For the accomplishment of this work, informative documents were searched through Google Scholar, Online Library of Knowledge (B-ON), PubMed and Scopus DataBase. The study addresses the concept of PA, the benefits and factors associated with adherence, persistence and abandonment of regular physical activity and in a second phase the concept of neurotrophic factors and the relationship that exists between the practice of PA and neurotrophic factors. Physical exercise increases the expression of a protein called brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). A connection has been established between physical exercise, the levels of this neurotrophin and its beneficial effects on the brains of animals and humans. It has recently been shown that exercises sessions are capable of increasing serum and plasma BDNF con- centration in addition to an increase in BDNF expression in skeletal muscle. In this review will be approached the effect of physical exercise on the expression of BDNF in the brain. Recent studies have shown that there is a potential benefit in increasing BDNF expression and release by brain and some peripheral tissues, induced by exercise, resulting in an improvement in brain function.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Estilos de vida y satisfacción con la vida de los atletas veteranos: una prueba prospectiva basada en la teoría de la auto determinación

The practice of sports by veteran athletes is a reality with an expansion perspective. The objective was to determine predictive variables of healthy lifestyles and satisfaction with life in veteran athletes, according to the Self-determination Theory (SDT). A structural equation model and a mediation model has developed. The number of participants were 680 Portuguese veteran athletes, aged between 30 and 90 years old (M=43.78 DT=8.61). The Basic Psychological Needs Exercise Scale, the Behavioral Regulation in Sport Questionnaire, the Healthy Lifestyles Questionnaire and the Life Satisfaction Scale were used. This model has shown the following adjustments indices: ÷2 = 729.116, p < .001, ÷2/df = 4.41, CFI = .92; IFI = .92; TLI = .91; GFI = .91; RMSEA = .068; SRMR = .064. As a conclusion, in veteran athletes, the perception of satisfaction of the basic psychological needs for autonomy, leads to autonomously motivated behaviours, promoting better eating and resting habits, as well as high satisfaction with life, and a lower consumption of tobacco. Autonomous motivation has not proved to be a significant mediating variable between the basic psychological need for autonomy, lifestyles and satisfaction with life.La práctica de deportes por deportistas veteranos es una realidad evidente y con perspectivas de expansión. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar las variables predictivas para estilos de vida saludables y satisfacción con la vida en deportistas veteranos, desde la Teoría de la Autodeterminación. Se desarolló un modelo de ecuación estructural y un modelo de mediación. Participaron 680 deportistas veteranos portugueses, entre los 30 y 90 años (M=43.78 DT=8.61). Se utilizó la Escala de Necesidades Psicologicas Básicas, el Cuestionario de Regulación Comportamental en el Deporte, el Cuestionário de Estilos de Vida Saludables y la Escala de Satisfacción con la Vida. El modelo demostró los siguientes índices: ÷2 = 729.116, p < .001, ÷2/df = 4.41, CFI = .92; IFI = .92; TLI = .91; GFI = .91; RMSEA = .068; SRMR = .064. Como conclusiones, em los deportistas veteranos, la percepción de satisfacción de la necesidad psicológica básica de autonomía conduce a comportamientos motivados de manera autónoma, promoviendo estos, mejores hábitos de alimentación y descanso, alta satisfacción con la vida y menos consumo de tabaco. La motivación autónoma no demostró ser una variable mediadora significativa entre la necesidad psicológica básica de autonomía y estilos de vida y satisfacción con la vida.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio