Population size in Doñana and Black-winged Stilt population dynamics.

<p>Frequency of Black-winged Stilt observations after controlling for the number of rare waders observed in the United Kingdom (<i>r</i> = 0.52, <i>F</i> = 5.00, <i>df</i> = 1, 14, <i>p</i> = 0.04).</p

North Atlantic Oscillation and Black-winged Stilt population dynamics.

<p>a, Philopatry to breeding grounds estimated as resighting rates from the model Ø(age) p(time), <i>r</i> = 0.58, <i>F</i> = 6.49, <i>df</i> = 1, 13, <i>p</i> = 0.02, 1989–2003. b, Number of pairs breeding in Doñana National Park, <i>r</i> = 0.74, <i>F</i> = 19.78, <i>df</i> = 1, 16, <i>p</i> = 0.0004, 1988–2005. c, Frequency of Black-winged Stilt observations in the United Kingdom after controlling for the number of rare waders observed in the UK, a country outside the actual range of this species, <i>r</i> = 0.48, <i>F</i> = 4.15, <i>df</i> = 1, 14, <i>p</i> = 0.06, 1977–2004.</p

Modelling the survival and resighting rates of Black-winged Stilts during the period 1988–2003 using capture-resighting data gathered in Doñana (southwest Spain).

<p>Models are defined in terms of survival (Ø) and recapture rates (p) that vary between first-year and adult birds (age) and between years (time). AIC was adjusted for a c-hat value of 1.12. The models supported by the AIC criterion during the model selection process are marked in bold.</p

Data Paper. Data Paper

<h2>File List</h2><blockquote> <p>Data file is in ASCII format, tab delimited, not compressed. It consists of 154,529 records, not including header row. </p> <p><br> <a href="avian_ssd_jan07.txt">avian_ssd_jan07.txt</a></p> </blockquote><h2>Description</h2><blockquote> <p>Body size is an important characteristic of animals, influencing physiology, life histories, and general ecology. Hence, it often needs to be taken into account even if the aim is to test for relationships among other traits. The aim of this paper is to provide a comprehensive data set on avian body sizes that would be useful for future comparative studies of avian biology. We extracted species-specific measurements on male and female body mass, wing length, tarsus length, bill length, and tail length from major ornithological text books and some other sources covering bird species of Africa, Australia, New Zealand, Antarctica, North America, and the western Palearctic. These measurements were matched with measures of egg and clutch sizes, and scores of mating system, sexual display agility, and the degree of intersexual resource division. We present morphometric data ranging from 2350 species (minimum, tail length) to 2979 species (maximum, wing length) where measurements for both sexes are known, some additional data where only one sex or unsexed birds have been measured, and explanatory data ranging from 1218 species (minimum, display agility) to 2603 species (maximum, egg mass). In total, 3769 species from 125 of 146 different bird families are included. We have used the data in comparative studies of avian sexual size dimorphism, where we test adaptive hypotheses concerning the influence of sexual selection, fecundity, and the degree of within-pair resource sharing. By publishing the data we intend to give easy access to a large data set containing variables relevant for a wide range of comparative studies on birds, thus saving researchers from the time- and resource-consuming data gathering process. In addition, the data set will function to point out species where baseline data on body size and relevant information on reproduction and behavior are currently lacking or of poor quality, thus stimulating the publication of such data. </p> <p><i>Key words: <i>allometry; birds;, body size; clutch size; egg size; mating systems; niche separation; sexual display; sexual selection; sexual size dimorphism</i>.</i></p> </blockquote

Multievent modeling of Doñana autumn sex ratio (Initial State parameter) of native glossy ibises related to external covariates.

<p>Model notation: as in the <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0082983#pone-0082983-t001" target="_blank">Table 1</a> legend. All the models were run with unspecific time variation on Transience and Residence and the best ranked structure for the resighting parameter types (Event).</p

Multievent modeling of apparent transience (Transience matrix) of glossy ibises related to external covariates.

<p>Model notation: np, number of estimable parameters; Dev, relative deviance; AICc, Akaike information criterion corrected for small sample size; ΔAICc, the AICc difference of the current model with respect to the lowest AICc value; w_i, Akaike’s weight, <i>F</i>_1,11/<i>F</i>_2,10, F-statistic computed for the whole period of study, number of d.f. depends on the current model; <i>F</i>_1,9, F-statistic computed for the wet years; <i>R</i>²_tot, current model percentage of variation explained over the whole study period; <i>R</i>²_wet, current model percentage of variation explained over the wet years; <i>bs</i>, breeding success (n° of fledgings per pair) for the reproductive season between autumn seasons <i>bs_t-1</i>, breeding success in the last reproductive season; <i>dens</i>, population size in the last breeding season; <i>fgm</i>, flooded surface of natural marshes in Doñana National Park in June; <i>T</i>, linear trend; <i>t</i>, unspecific time variation. All the models were run with unspecific time variation on Initial State and Residence and the best ranked structure for the resighting parameter types (Event).</p

Model averaged estimates of apparent dispersal rates throughout the study period.

<p>Apparent dispersal refers to the probability of dying or permanently emigrating from Doñana. Apparent transience (triangles, short-dashed line) was much more pronounced in dry years (1998 and 2004), without any clear trend for other years. Apparent dispersal of residents (squares, long-dashed line) followed a linear decreasing trend over the study period. Estimates and 95%CI are from the model with the lowest AICc (model 22–2 in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0082983#pone.0082983.s004" target="_blank">File S4</a>: Table S1 in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0082983#pone.0082983.s004" target="_blank">File S4</a>).</p

Events and underlying states.

<p>The observation process consists of three steps, each one conditional on the event in the previous step. The codes for each event as they appear in the raw data for encounter histories are given in parentheses.</p

Range expansion according to resightings outside Doñana.

<p>Doñana-marked individuals resighted elsewhere for each year throughout the study period (from October to January, records from other months are not shown). Glossy ibises were seen in an increasing number of locations in parallel to the increase in the breeding population in Doñana. A sharp spreading of the population across Europe and northern Africa occurred during the 2005 drought. An observation from Barbados in September 2010 is not shown.</p

Multievent modeling of apparent dispersal of residents (Residence matrix) of Doñana glossy ibises related to external covariates.

<p>Model notation: as in the <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0082983#pone-0082983-t001" target="_blank">Table 1</a>. All the models were run with unspecific time variation on Initial State and Transience and best ranked structure for the resighting parameter types (Event).</p