BAYESIAN ESTIMATION OF STABILITY INDICES OF SORGHUM VARIETY TRIALS

Multiple–environmental trials are routinely conducted by crop improvement programs for developing desired genotypes. Over a long run, these programs gather information on genotypic performance and variability. Bayesian approach can be used to utilize prior information to identify genotypes for high and stable yield. A set of 18 sorghum genotypes were evaluated in randomized complete block designs (RCBD) with four replications during three seasons, 2009-2012 at diverse locations, North-Gedarif and South-Gedarif, in Sudan. Data on grain yield was analyzed. The aim of this paper was to estimate stability indices such as regression coefficient, coefficient of variation (CV %) and coefficient of determination (R2) using a Bayesian approach. R2WinBUGS and R packages have been used. The results of these different stability indices agreements and suggesting that this approach produces reliable estimates of the stability of crop variety. In general, Bayesian compared to frequentist approach gave higher precision in terms of standard error of genotypes means, regression coefficient and coefficient of determination. Moreover, Bayesian has a broader inference-base to allow an integration of prior information about the current data and is recommended for use following the steps illustrated with the example datasets

Outbreak of Marburg hemorrhagic fever among miners in Kamwenge and Ibanda Districts, Uganda, 2007

Marburg hemorrhagic fever was detected among 4 miners in Ibanda District, Uganda, from June through September, 2007. Infection was likely acquired through exposure to bats or bat secretions in a mine in Kamwenge District, Uganda, and possibly human-to-human transmission between some patients. We describe the epidemiologic investigation and the health education response

Seasonal pulses of Marburg virus circulation in juvenile Rousettus aegyptiacus bats coincide with periods of increased risk of human infection

Marburg virus (family Filoviridae) causes sporadic outbreaks of severe hemorrhagic disease in sub-Saharan Africa. Bats have been implicated as likely natural reservoir hosts based most recently on an investigation of cases among miners infected in 2007 at the Kitaka mine, Uganda, which contained a large population of Marburg virus-infected Rousettus aegyptiacus fruit bats. Described here is an ecologic investigation of Python Cave, Uganda, where an American and a Dutch tourist acquired Marburg virus infection in December 2007 and July 2008. More than 40,000 R. aegyptiacus were found in the cave and were the sole bat species present. Between August 2008 and November 2009, 1,622 bats were captured and tested for Marburg virus. Q-RT-PCR analysis of bat liver/spleen tissues indicated ,2.5% of the bats were actively infected, seven of which yielded Marburg virus isolates. Moreover, Q-RT-PCR-positive lung, kidney, colon and reproductive tissues were found, consistent with potential for oral, urine, fecal or sexual transmission. The combined data for R. aegyptiacus tested from Python Cave and Kitaka mine indicate low level horizontal transmission throughout the year. However, Q-RT-PCR data show distinct pulses of virus infection in older juvenile bats (,six months of age) that temporarily coincide with the peak twiceyearly birthing seasons. Retrospective analysis of historical human infections suspected to have been the result of discrete spillover events directly from nature found 83% (54/65) events occurred during these seasonal pulses in virus circulation, perhaps demonstrating periods of increased risk of human infection. The discovery of two tags at Python Cave from bats marked at Kitaka mine, together with the close genetic linkages evident between viruses detected in geographically distant locations, are consistent with R. aegyptiacus bats existing as a large meta-population with associated virus circulation over broad geographic ranges. These findings provide a basis for developing Marburg hemorrhagic fever risk reduction strategies.The Department of Health and Human Serviceshttp://www.plospathogens.or

Teacher's Roles in Counselling and Reforming the Academic Delay in Pupils of the Essential Stage in the Primary School

Abstract This study is aimed at identifying the role of the teacher in counselling th

Corresponding Author Susceptibility of Three Strains of Green Peach Aphid Myzus Persicae Sulzer (Homoptera: Aphididae) for Four Pesticides

ABSTRACT Laboratory bioassays were conducted to evaluate the toxicities of four pesticides, traditional and recent used for controlling green peach aphid. This aphid was collected from Maddba and Deir-Alla as two field strains .The sensitive strain was collected from far away valleys in Um-Al-Ammed on the wild mustard, then it was reared in greenhouse in Jordan University for ten generations. The pepper plants were used as hosts for the three strains. The LC50, LC90 for Calypso, Karate, Evisect and Dimethoate were: (34.97,100.14), (18.34, 40.17), (2.13, 7.45) and (17.95, 37.97) in ppm, respectively. The ratio between LC50 for sensitive strain divided by LC50 for field strains (RF), for Calypso, Karate, Evisect and Dimethoate were: (1.32, 3.88, 5.07 and 35.9), respectively. According to these values, Calypso was the most effective pesticide followed by Karate,then Evisect. Dimethoate was significantly less toxic compared with the other tested pesticides. It might be most probably that the green peach aphid has been gained resistance to Dimethoate

The effect of design parameters of compressors on the performance of domestic refrigerators

SIGLEAvailable from British Library Document Supply Centre- DSC:DX184854 / BLDSC - British Library Document Supply CentreGBUnited Kingdo

The Causal Relationship between Exports and Economic Growth in Jordan

Abstrac

The impact of ICT on the performance of staff in the Ministry of Youth of Jordan

This study aimed to identify the impact of information and communications technology on the performance of staff in the Ministryof youth of Jordan, the sample of the study consisted of (100) employees, and to collect the data, a questionnaire was developed toIdentify the impact of information and communications technology on the performance of staff in the Ministry of youth, and was theresults also showed that there were no significant differences at the level of α=0.05 in the degree of impact of ICT on the performance of employees in the Ministry of youth, by gender, scientific qualification