A study for increasing reusable cup consumption in the coffee industry: focused on behavior change with motivation

The use of reusable cups as a solution for the issues on waste and environment destruction has been brought up and is not that of a new topic. Although this has been an issue for decades and there had been suggested solutions, we still could not solve the problem until now. The issue is getting worse with the recent expansion of the hot beverage business market. I believe we have to change our perspective on how we view the problem. It\u27s not that people can not recognize or are ignoring this problem, they just have a hard time putting it into action. It is necessary to find out if there is a more fundamental problem in the series of actions required to the people to solve the problem. In this perspective, this research first checks whether the customers of the hot beverage business, that use the largest amount of disposal cups, are aware of the issue. Next, if they are aware find out what stops them from taking action. Finally, by proposing new solutions for the causes, help the consumers actively reduce the consumption of disposable cups and rather use reusable cups instead. In order to approach the goal that was mentioned beforehand, we have visited a local beverage shop that had the biggest crowd of customers and conducted a survey and interviews. Through this process of involving in the scene, it was able to define the substantial problems, while also applying the most representative behavioral change theory, \u27Stage of Change Theory\u27. This theory classifies and defines the consumers\u27 behavior in stages and provides a solution for an appropriate behavioral change in each stage. It proposes an effective guide line on how the consumers should determine what to do. Also, find the elements that can be solved with the designers\u27 view out of a variety of solutions that can come out of each stage. After defining the elements provide a solution with design. We can define the role of the design area apart from other various academic approaches of behavior change of people through this process. I hope design is not just an assistance for behavioral change, but that the designer has a basis and motive to actively involve in each stage of behavioral change. But first, with a more certain form of design motive in the topic \u27hot beverage business\u27, draw the consumers\u27 changing behavior and provide various motivations that the change can last, increasing the use of reusable cups

Estimation of drone intention using trajectory frequency defined in radar's measurement phase planes

This paper presents a radar-based algorithm for autonomous estimation of drone intention. The algorithm is based on radar's kinematic measurements, providing fast and robust intention estimation for multiple targets. The core idea of the proposed algorithm is to build intention-specific features for each intention in advance and use them in actual drone surveillance situations. To effectively depict the trajectory characteristics of various intentions, the trajectory frequency is computed on multiple phase planes through Monte Carlo Simulations. Finally, a naive Bayes classifier is applied to integrate the trajectory likelihood in different phases and ultimately compute the intention likelihood of all intentions concerned. Numerical simulations for the three candidate intentions of image acquisition, smuggling, and kamikaze attack demonstrated the performance of the presented method. The simulation results show that one can estimate the true intention of a specific drone by comparing the value of each intention likelihood

Perimeter intrusion prediction method using trajectory frequency and Naive Bayes classifier

This paper proposes a novel perimeter intrusion prediction algorithm that can be applied to generic perimeter security systems. The proposed algorithm uses multiple probability mass functions that are computed using trajectory frequency information for different behaviour models: non-intrusive intention and intrusive intention. A Naive Bayes classifier is used to compute the intention probability for integrating multiple probabilities from different probability mass functions. The performance of the proposed algorithm is validated by numerical simulations and the classification characteristics are also discussed.Innovate UK and Operational Solutions Ltd. [grant number KTP12998]

New control charts for monitoring univariate autocorrelated processes and high-dimensional profiles

In this thesis, we first investigate the use of automated variance estimators in distribution-free statistical process control (SPC) charts for univariate autocorrelated processes. We introduce two variance estimators---the standardized time series overlapping area estimator and the so-called quick-and-dirty autoregressive estimator---that can be obtained from a training data set and used effectively with distribution-free SPC charts when those charts are applied to processes exhibiting nonnormal responses or correlation between successive responses. In particular, we incorporate the two estimators into DFTC-VE, a new distribution-free tabular CUSUM chart developed for autocorrelated processes; and we compare its performance with other state-of-the-art distribution-free SPC charts. Using either of the two variance estimators, the DFTC-VE outperforms its competitors in terms of both in-control and out-of-control average run lengths when all the competing procedures are tested on the same set of independently sampled realizations of selected autocorrelated processes with normal or nonnormal noise components. Next, we develop WDFTC, a wavelet-based distribution-free CUSUM chart for detecting shifts in the mean of a high-dimensional profile with noisy components that may exhibit nonnormality, variance heterogeneity, or correlation between profile components. A profile describes the relationship between a selected quality characteristic and an input (design) variable over the experimental region. Exploiting a discrete wavelet transform (DWT) of the mean in-control profile, WDFTC selects a reduced-dimension vector of the associated DWT components from which the mean in-control profile can be approximated with minimal weighted relative reconstruction error. Based on randomly sampled Phase I (in-control) profiles, the covariance matrix of the corresponding reduced-dimension DWT vectors is estimated using a matrix-regularization method; then the DWT vectors are aggregated (batched) so that the nonoverlapping batch means of the reduced-dimension DWT vectors have manageable covariances. To monitor shifts in the mean profile during Phase II operation, WDFTC computes a Hotelling's T-square--type statistic from successive nonoverlapping batch means and applies a CUSUM procedure to those statistics, where the associated control limits are evaluated analytically from the Phase I data. We compare WDFTC with other state-of-the-art profile-monitoring charts using both normal and nonnormal noise components having homogeneous or heterogenous variances as well as independent or correlated components; and we show that WDFTC performs well, especially for local shifts of small to medium size, in terms of both in-control and out-of-control average run lengths.PhDCommittee Co-Chair: Kim, Seong-Hee; Committee Co-Chair: Wilson, James R.; Committee Member: Huo, Xiaoming; Committee Member: Hur, Youngmi; Committee Member: Shi, Jianju

A study for increasing reusable cup consumption in the coffee industry: focused on behavior change with motivation

The use of reusable cups as a solution for the issues on waste and environment destruction has been brought up and is not that of a new topic. Although this has been an issue for decades and there had been suggested solutions, we still could not solve the problem until now. The issue is getting worse with the recent expansion of the hot beverage business market. I believe we have to change our perspective on how we view the problem. It's not that people can not recognize or are ignoring this problem, they just have a hard time putting it into action. It is necessary to find out if there is a more fundamental problem in the series of actions required to the people to solve the problem. In this perspective, this research first checks whether the customers of the hot beverage business, that use the largest amount of disposal cups, are aware of the issue. Next, if they are aware find out what stops them from taking action. Finally, by proposing new solutions for the causes, help the consumers actively reduce the consumption of disposable cups and rather use reusable cups instead. In order to approach the goal that was mentioned beforehand, we have visited a local beverage shop that had the biggest crowd of customers and conducted a survey and interviews. Through this process of involving in the scene, it was able to define the substantial problems, while also applying the most representative behavioral change theory, 'Stage of Change Theory'. This theory classifies and defines the consumers' behavior in stages and provides a solution for an appropriate behavioral change in each stage. It proposes an effective guide line on how the consumers should determine what to do. Also, find the elements that can be solved with the designers' view out of a variety of solutions that can come out of each stage. After defining the elements provide a solution with design. We can define the role of the design area apart from other various academic approaches of behavior change of people through this process. I hope design is not just an assistance for behavioral change, but that the designer has a basis and motive to actively involve in each stage of behavioral change. But first, with a more certain form of design motive in the topic 'hot beverage business', draw the consumers' changing behavior and provide various motivations that the change can last, increasing the use of reusable cups.</p

Parametric Investigation on Simulated Staring FMCW Radar for Anti-Drone Swarms

This paper presents parametric investigation results on a staring FMCW radar system which targets drone swarms. The parametric investigation has been carried out by using the RAPID-SIM which facilitates system-level analysis of drone swarms' radar signatures. This paper explains concepts of the simulator's each module and also covers two parametric investigation results which deal with quantitative performance criteria for the design of the anti-drone swarms radar system

Parametric Investigation on Simulated Staring FMCW Radar for Anti-Drone Swarms

This paper presents parametric investigation results on a staring FMCW radar system which targets drone swarms. The parametric investigation has been carried out by using the RAPID-SIM which facilitates system-level analysis of drone swarms' radar signatures. This paper explains concepts of the simulator's each module and also covers two parametric investigation results which deal with quantitative performance criteria for the design of the anti-drone swarms radar system.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Microwave Sensing, Signals & System

Improving the Simulations of Radar Signatures of Small Drone

Small drones have attracted significant research interest from law enforcement and defence agencies due to the challenge in detecting, tracking, and classifying them with radar, because of their small size and high manoeuvrability. As collecting experimental data for all possible drone models and scenarios is unfeasible, modelling work to simulate accurately the signatures of these platforms is an important task. This paper presents some preliminary results of research effort to enhance modelling capabilities of the radar signatures of individual small drones, and multiple drones flying together in the scene of interest