M-mode echocardiography measurements of healthy Brazilian random bred cats

To determine the M-mode echocardiography reference measurements for Brazilian random bred cats in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Cats presenting for routine care were examined by M-mode echocardiography. Animals with free wall values ​​of the left ventricle and/or interventricular septum above 5 mm were not included. A total of 125 cats were included in the study. The correlation of the body score condition (BSC) with the echocardiography measurements was positive for left ventricle wall in systole (LVWs)  and left ventricular wall in diastole (LVWd) . The LVWd values of BSCs 3 and 4 were different , and those of BSCs 3 and 5 were also different. The LVWs values of BSCs 3 and 5 were different . The correlated effect between BSC and the echocardiography measurements was true for the left atrium , left atrium/aorta ratio, ventricular septum in diastole, ventricular septum in systole, LVWs, LVWd, left ventricle in diastole, left ventricle in systole, ejection fraction and shortening fraction. The M-mode echocardiography evaluation of cats is impacted by the animal’s body mass; therefore, the BSC must be taken into consideration when interpreting echocardiography measurements

Myxomatous degeneration of the left atrioventricular valve in a true parrot (Amazona aestiva): a case report

Owning wild species as pets is becoming more and more common. Consequently, experience in caring for them has grown, resulting in the diagnosis of numerous diseases. Among these are cardiovascular disorders, especially in parrots. However, the lack of specificity or the absence of clinical signs of these diseases make it difficult to assess cardiovascular issues during the physical examination of birds. This leads to underdiagnosis of these conditions, with the majority being diagnosed post-mortem. This study reports the cardiovascular findings in post-mortem examinations of individuals of the species Amazona aestiva (true parrot) of Centro de Triagem de Animais Silvestres do Rio de Janeiro (CETAS-RJ) and is the first record of myxomatous degeneration of the left atrioventricular valve in this species

Influence of obesity on the clinical improvement of tracheal and bronchial collapse in dogs: a case report

Tracheal collapse is the most common progressive affection of the anterior pathways in small animals. The most common clinical symptom is a “goose honk” cough in cases of tracheal collapse and inspiratory discomfort in cases of cervical collapse. The diagnosis is based on the history, physical examination, and imaging tests, notably chest radiography and endoscopic examination. Treatment can be clinical or surgical depending on the degree of collapse. Obesity currently affects several domestic animals and predisposes them to respiratory disorders. The overlapping adipose tissue presses on the muscles of the trachea, aggravating the collapse and influencing the lung compliance and expansion. The present report describes the clinical improvement in an obese canine with tracheal and bronchial collapse after clinical management and therapeutic ration

Obstrução de via aérea superior secundária a cisto epidermóide laringiano em gato: Relato de caso

As doenças de laringe são raras em gatos, porém quando presentes podem causar dispneia grave, comprometendo o aporte ideal de oxigênio para o organismo. Foi atendido um paciente da espécie felina, fêmea, de 15 anos de idade, sem raça definida, em quadro de dispneia mista. Com os achados de exame físico e exames complementares, suspeitou-se de neoplasia em região cervical obstruindo as vias aéreas anteriores. O paciente foi a óbito, sendo realizada necropsia que revelou estrutura de formato arredondado e aspecto liso e brilhante em região da laringe, projetando-se para luz do órgão, sugerindo ser a causa do comprometimento da passagem do fluxo de ar. A análise histopatológica concluiu que se tratava de uma neoformação benigna. O presente relato tem como objetivo descrever um caso de cisto epidermóide laringiano, causando obstrução de via aéreas anteriores em um gato, com seus achados de exame físico e de exames de imagem como apoio diagnóstico

Serological evidence of canine exposure to arthropod-borne pathogens in different landscapes in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Submitted by Sandra Infurna ([email protected]) on 2017-07-18T12:43:48Z No. of bitstreams: 1 flavya_almeida_etal-IOC_2017.PDF: 459748 bytes, checksum: 27c2f54074d65b8e2448eb77f3cb9c1e (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Sandra Infurna ([email protected]) on 2017-07-18T12:57:17Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 flavya_almeida_etal-IOC_2017.PDF: 459748 bytes, checksum: 27c2f54074d65b8e2448eb77f3cb9c1e (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-18T12:57:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 flavya_almeida_etal-IOC_2017.PDF: 459748 bytes, checksum: 27c2f54074d65b8e2448eb77f3cb9c1e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017Universidade Federal Fluminense. Faculdade de Veterinária. Niterói, RJ, Brasil.Universidade Federal Fluminense. Faculdade de Veterinária. Niterói, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Imunomodulação e Protozoologia. Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Brasil.Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Instituto de Geociências. Departamento de Geografia. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Geografia. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro. Instituto de Veterinária. Departamento de Medicina e Cirurgia Veterinária. Seropédica, RJ, Brasil.Médica Veterinária. Vet Ypiranga. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Universidade do Grande Rio. Escola de Ciências da Saúde. Duque de Caxias, RJ, Brasil.Universidade Federal Fluminense. Faculdade de Veterinária. Niterói, RJ, Brasil / Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Arthropod-borne infections are dependent on environmental conditions, and several combinations of natural and human-related variables play an important role in vector populations aswell as the life cycle of agents carried by the arthropods. The top 5 canine arthropod-transmitted agents, Dirofilaria immitis, Leishmania spp., Ehrlichia canis, Anaplasma phagocytophilum, and Borrelia burgdorferi infect unprotected animals without propensity. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of these parasite species in three different landscape settings (sandbanks, plains and mountains) along a 60-km line. During a 6-month period, blood samples were collected from dogs (N12 months old) living in the different settings. Prevalence of D. immitis was determined by modified Knott test and ELISA. Prevalence of E. canis, A. phagocytophilum, and B. burgdorferi was determined by ELISA, and Leishmania spp. by ELISA, indirect immunofluorescence, and immunocromatographic assays. D. immitis was most prevalent in the sandbank (68.9%) as well as Leishmania spp. (34.5%), and tick-transmitted agents, A. phagocytophilum and E. canis in the plains (61.7%). B. burgdorferi was not detected. Depending on the resources for arthropods present in regions, dogs are likely to be exposed to different arthropod-borne parasites and should receive preventives tailored to the risk of infection in the region in which the dog resides

Influence of obesity on the clinical improvement of tracheal and bronchial collapse in dogs: a case report

Tracheal collapse is the most common progressive affection of the anterior pathways in small animals. The most common clinical symptom is a “goose honk” cough in cases of tracheal collapse and inspiratory discomfort in cases of cervical collapse. The diagnosis is based on the history, physical examination, and imaging tests, notably chest radiography and endoscopic examination. Treatment can be clinical or surgical depending on the degree of collapse. Obesity currently affects several domestic animals and predisposes them to respiratory disorders. The overlapping adipose tissue presses on the muscles of the trachea, aggravating the collapse and influencing the lung compliance and expansion. The present report describes the clinical improvement in an obese canine with tracheal and bronchial collapse after clinical management and therapeutic ration

Study of the heart rate variability in dogs with brachycephalic syndrome submitted to rhinoplasty surgery

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the HRV in the brachycephalic races, before and after surgical correction of the stenosis of the nostrils, by means of prolonged electrocardiography, observing the excess of the parasympathetic stimulation regarding the occurrence of bradyarrhythmias and their clinical consequences, and possibility of improvement of the autonomic balancing after the treatment, increasing the quality and life expectancy of these patients. Sixteen dogs with nostril stenosis were included, where the analysis and progression of the HRC findings at different moments before the surgical procedure (day 0) and after the procedure were performed in two moments, 30 and 60 days. The technique of alavestibulplasty was performed and HRV analysis was recorded by means of prolonged electrocardiography. For this examination, the indexes were analyzed in the time domain. Regarding the clinical findings, there was an improvement in the evaluation of the heart and respiratory rate, as well as a reduction in parasympathetic activity, as shown in the bradyarrhythmias. Regarding the HRV indexes in the time domain, rMSSD and SDNN associated with mean heart rate findings, have brought strong indications that the reduction of parasympathetic stimulation is related to the reduction of HRV in these animals. The rMSSD is the HRV index in the domain of the time that early changed can be used as indicator of the increase of the parasympathetic activity caused by the Brachycephalic Syndrom

Evaluation of the right ventricular function in dogs with brachycephalic syndrome before and after rhinoplasty

Brachycephalic dogs are usually affected by primary and secondary anatomical changes in the airways that contribute to the brachycephalic syndrome. Chronically, these changes contribute to an increase in pulmonary arterial pressure and right cardiac overload (cor pulmonale). The right cardiac function in 17 dogs with brachycephalic syndrome was assessed using echocardiography before, and at 30 and 60 days after rhinoplasty. The maximum pulmonary systolic flow velocity, the pressure gradient between the AP and RV (GrFP), the right ventricular systolic function (tricuspid ring systolic excursion (TAPSE), the variation of the right ventricular area (FAC), the velocity of the systolic displacement of the right ventricular myocardium (S’) by tissue Doppler) and right ventricular diastolic function (transtricuspid flow and the relationship between the E and A waves, evaluation of the E’ and A’ waves using tissue Doppler of the free wall of the right ventricle) were evaluated. The right ventricular fractional area, velocity, and pressure gradient of pulmonary arterial flow showed the best sensitivity in these analyses. The present study reinforces the concept that obstructions in the anterior airways contribute to pulmonary hypoxia. However, the correction of these obstructions proved to be beneficial in the reduction of right heart overload