A proposal for an open-source financial risk model

This paper presents a policy proposal for building a new framework for gathering, measuring and disclosing financial risk information in the global economy. The paper examines the current state of the financial risk framework, notes its advantages and disadvantages and proposes a new construct that aims to address some of the shortcomings that are currently in place. The proposed open-source financial risk model separates the dual function that internal risk models perform within financial institutions, first to attempt to optimize the risk-return profile of mostly private economic rent-seeking entities, and second to maximize safety and soundness considerations for the public which is at risk of bearing the consequences of financial actors. The goals of a robust financial risk model are examined in order to determine the design of the proposed risk framework

A proposal for an open-source financial risk model

This paper presents a policy proposal for building a new framework for gathering, measuring and disclosing financial risk information in the global economy. The paper examines the current state of the financial risk framework, notes its advantages and disadvantages and proposes a new construct that aims to address some of the shortcomings that are currently in place. The proposed open-source financial risk model separates the dual function that internal risk models perform within financial institutions, first to attempt to optimize the risk-return profile of mostly private economic rent-seeking entities, and second to maximize safety and soundness considerations for the public which is at risk of bearing the consequences of financial actors. The goals of a robust financial risk model are examined in order to determine the design of the proposed risk framework

Magnetic resonance characterization of gadolinium-based contrast agents

Several magnetic resonance methods have been used for characterizing gadolinium-based contrast agents in NMR Imaging in this thesis. Many Gd-based contrast agents were studied including Gd DTPA(dimethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid). The zero field splitting energies and g values of Gd complexes were obtained in frozen solutions by the EPR technique. Solvent structures of Gd-based contrast agents were studied by the ESE(Electron Spin Echo) method. Analysis of \sp2H-ESEEM of Gd TTHA(trimethylenetetraaminehexaacetic acid) demonstrated the existence of the second sphere water. The distance between \sp2H-Gd, a\sb{\rm iso}, and quadrupolar coupling constants were obtained by computer simulations of \sp2H-ESEEM of Gd complexes in frozen solutions. Water exchange times between the Gd complexes and bulk water were studied by O-17 NMR. However, it was found that the direct application of the Merbach method to the Gd-based contrast agent system showed some limitations. NMRD(Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Dispersion) studies provided useful information when combined with many other techniques. Data from NMRD simulations were well correlated with ones from EPR, ESEEM, and O-17 NMR. As a result, the combination of several techniques made NMRD analysis more reliable.In the last chapter, the results of low osmolar Gd-based contrast agents studies are described. NMRD measurements were done in water and human plasma. Some of the Gd complexes showed binding behavior with plasma proteins, especially albumin. This binding affinity seems to be varied depending on the balance between the hydrophilic and lipophilic groups in one compound

Prefabricated Steel-Reinforced Concrete Composite Column

In conventional concrete-encased steel composite columns, a steel section is placed at the center of the cross section. Thus, the contribution of the steel section to the overall flexural capacity of the column could be limited. For better efficiency and economy, particularly under biaxial moment, the steel section needs to be placed at the corners, rather than at the center of the cross section. Recently, a prefabricated steel-reinforced concrete column has been developed to utilize the advantages of the reinforced concrete column and the steel-concrete composite column. In the composite column, four steel angles are placed at the corners of the cross section, and transverse bars and plates are used to connect the angles by welding or bolting. The composite column has been widely applied to industrial buildings that require large sized columns and fast construction. In this chapter, the newly developed composite column is introduced, and basic mechanism, structural performance, and field application case are discussed