Perceptions of creativity amongst university design tutors

The possibility to suppress the nonperturbative effects choosing the vary high multiplicity final state is discussed. The theoretical uncertainties and the experimental observable consequence of this choice are discussed

Migración laboral e intercambios culturales: trabajadores galeses del cobre en Chile durante el siglo XIX

The transference of copper smelting technology from the swansea area that accompanied the development of the world copper industry in the nineteenth century has yet to be studied in detail. This article begins to redress this omission by focusing largely on a micro history of welsh copper smelters who migrated to guayacán, near Coquimbo Chile, in the middle decades of the nineteenth century. It examines the development of a welsh labour presence in Guayacán and the dynamics of the migration, including motives, networks and recruitment processes. It also explores how the possession of industrial skills shaped cultural and religious encounters between the welsh and chileans.Aún se debe estudiar en detalle el traspaso de la tecnología de fundición de cobre a partir de la zona de Swansea que acompañó el desarrollo de la industria mundial de cobre en el siglo XIX. Este artículo comienza a remediar esta omisión al enfocarse detenidamente en una microhistoria de los fundidores galeses de cobre quienes migraron a Guayacán, cerca de Coquimbo, Chile, a mediados del siglo XIX. Analiza el desarrollo de una presencia laboral galesa en Guayacán y las dinámicas de la migración, incluyendo motivos, redes laborales y proceso de reclutamiento. También estudia cómo el poseer habilidades industriales dio forma a encuentros culturales y religiosos entre galeses y chilenos

Creativity and class: Review essay

This essay offer a critical review of form of class analysis presented in the works of the economic geographer Richard Florida. In it we use the example of the sale of the New Zealand internet auction site Trade Me to the Australian media group Fairfax to illuminate some of the problematic features of Florida's work

EXOhSPEC folded design optimization and performance estimation

The EXOplanet high resolution SPECtrograph (EXOhSPEC) instrument is an echelle spectrograph dedicated to the detection of exoplanets by using the radial velocity method using 2m class telescopes. This spectrograph is specified to provide spectra with a spectral resolution R < 70, 000 over the spectral range from 400 to 700 nm and to reach a shortterm radial velocity precision of 3 m/s. To achieve this the separation between two adjacent spectral orders is specified to be greater than 30 pixels and to enable a wide range of targets the throughput of the instrument is specified to be higher than 4%. We present the results of the optimization of the spectrograph collimator performed and initial tests of its optical performance. First, we consider the spectrograph design and we estimate its theoretical performance. We show that the theoretical image quality is close to the diffraction limit. Second, we describe the method used to perform the tolerancing analyzes using ZEMAX software to estimate the optical performance of the instrument after manufacturing, assembly and alignment. We present the results of the performance budget and we show that the estimated image quality performance of EXOhSPEC are in line with the specifications. Third, we present the results of the stray light analysis and we show that the minimum ratio between the scientific signal and the stray light halo signal is higher than 1,000. Finally, we provide a status on the progress of the EXOhSPEC project and we show the first results obtained with a preliminary version of the prototype.Final Accepted Versio