Proton magnetometer survey at the Menelaion and environs

Two short seasons of geophysical survey with a proton magnetometer were carried out at the Menelaion and its environs during the excavation seasons in 1974 and 1975 with a view to locating buried structures or other features in the following areas: close to the Mycenaean site, between this site and the Menelaion shrine, around the Menelaion shrine itself, the North Hill and the Chapel site. This report presents the results of the survey of these areas in 1975 which are shown in FIG. J.1. The geological environment and topography of the Menelaion plateau and environs are described elsewhere in this volume

Chemical analysis of Mycenaean pottery from the Menelaion and its vicinity

A chemical characterisation of the Mycenaean pottery from the major prehistoric site of the Menelaion in Laconia. The study defines the the lcoal pottery production and identifies the imports from various centres

Policy Uncertainty and Informational Monopolies: The Case of Monetary Policy.

In this paper we have presented a model in which perfectly enticipated inflation is superneutral: if the variance of the money (or the growth rate of the money supply in the dynamic interpretation) supply is zero, the real equilibrium is independent of the mean of the money supply.ECONOMIC MODELS ; INFLATION ; MONETARY POLICY

Electronic processes in electroluminescent device structures

Electronic processes in two different electroluminescent device structures, the forward biassed metal/thick insulator/semiconductor (MIS) diode and the high field metal/insulator/metal (MIM) panel, are investigated. Models are produced to explain the behaviour of two particular MIS systems which have been studied experimentally. One of these systems is the Au/cadmium stearate/n-GaP structure, where the insulator is deposited using Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) technology. The other is the Au/i-ZnS/n-ZnS structure. In the MIS devices electroluminescence occurs as a result of the recombination of electrons and holes in the semiconductor and so it is necessary to have an efficient minority carrier (hole) injection mechanism. Attention is paid to the impact excitation of the electron gas in the metal by the electrons injected from the semiconductor because this has been proposed by other workers as a process for producing holes in the metal that are energetically capable of entering the semiconductor valence band, provided they can traverse the insulator. The characteristics of the LB film devices are found to be best described by assuming the minority carrier injection to be limited by the hole transport through the insulator. Hopping between interface states on the successive LB layers is proposed as the transport mechanism. However, the device incorporating a II-VI semi-insulator is shown to be more characteristic of hole transport in the insulator valence band and a minority carrier injection which is limited by the supply of holes from the metal. In high field MIM panels the mechanism of electroluminescence is quite different with impurity centres being impact excited or impact ionised by injected electrons and subsequently luminescing. Such devices driven by a dc signal are susceptible to the formation of high current filaments which burn out and result in device failure. A model is developed which predicts that there is a voltage range over which the device can exist in either a low current state or two higher current states and the resultant instability is expected to be destructive. Current-voltage characteristics are produced using this model and their general features are found to be relatively insensitive to material and device parameters. In order to understand the evolution of the electrical state of the MIM device after switch-on, a time dependent theory of system behaviour is also developed. This is particularly important as the devices are usually driven by a pulsed signal. For an homogeneous system the current is found to converge to the lower current state of the steady state characteristic

Integrating geochemical survey, ethnography and organic residue analysis to identify and understand areas of foodstuff processing

In this paper we explore the integration of science-based and ethnographic approaches that respond to the need to consider ancient economy and subsistence in the Greek world on a landscape level. It is particularly important to be in a position to understand changes and developments in the processes associated with the preparation of food as well as agro-industrial commodities such as wine and olive oil. While ancient economic and subsistence patterns are traditionally and most effectively investigated where animal and plant remains have been recovered from excavation, our strategy is less direct; operating by proxy, it is well suited in the first instance to archaeological field survey. Having first determined the soils’ chemical signatures and the identity of pottery residues, a comparison will then be made with data obtained from ethnographic surveys of abandoned 20th-century farmsteads and workplaces, where particular activities are known to have taken place. Integrating these approaches, our work is applying them to archaeological field survey, specifically the current project on the city of Sikyon and its vicinity in the North Peloponnese

The Roman military presence at Dalswinton, Dumfriesshire: a reassessment of the evidence from aerial, geophysical and LiDAR survey

The Roman military presence at Dalswinton is reassessed using a range of remote sensing techniques (geophysical survey, LiDAR and aerial photography). At Bankfoot the absence of internal buildings suggests the postulated vexillation fortress was a more temporary structure; while numerous pits/ovens were identified across the interior of the large Stracathro-type camp. The primary fort at Bankhead was provided with in-turned entrances and two small annexes attached to the north-west and south-east quadrants of the fort. A third much larger annexe extended southwards down to the river. Only pits and furnaces were recorded within the annexes, two of which were expanded in Phase 2. Various buildings, including legionary and auxiliary barracks, were identified in the expanded fort of Phase 2, whose orientation remained unchanged. A mixed garrison of legionaries and auxiliary cavalry is indicated for both periods of occupation. Finally, the fort was deliberately demolished. The Roman attribution of the three nearby enclosures at Butterhole Brae can no longer be supported