ISSUES IN HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT: DISCUSSION

Resource /Energy Economics and Policy,

Optimizing The Riparian Buffer: Harold Brook In The Skaneateles Lake Watershed, New York

The use of riparian land buffers to protect water quality for human consumption and wildlife habitat has become an important conservation tool of both government and non-government agencies. The funds available to acquire private lands for riparian buffers are limited, however, and not all land contributes to water quality goals in the same way. Conservation agencies must therefore identify effective ways to allocate their scarce budgets in heterogeneous landscapes. We demonstrate how the acquisition of land for a riparian buffer can be viewed as a binary optimization problem and we apply the resulting model to a case study in New York (JEL Q15, Q25). Working Paper # 2002-00

Capital Dynamics in the North Sea Herring Fishery

Dynamic adjustment is an integral part of natural resource economics. Commonly, capital is assumed to respond instantaneously to changes in profits, while in reality adjustment may take place only with a time lag. In this paper, an empirical analysis of capital (boat) dynamics in the North Sea herring fishery is undertaken. A discrete time model is formulated to model decisions of boats to enter or exit the fishery. A lagged model is specified to reflect adjustment time to changes in profits. The empirical results indicate that fleet adjustment in this fishery primarily depends on current period profits and that the opportunity cost may depend on returns in the alternative fishery. Inclusion of lagged variables to account for the construction time for new boats, showed only a small improvement in the statistical fit. Moreover, the results did not support a hypothesis that entry in response to positive profits is more elastic than exit due to negative profits.Environmental Economics and Policy, Production Economics, Resource /Energy Economics and Policy,

Wilderness: Options to Preserve, Extract or Develop

WP 1998-01 March 199

The Economic Threshold With a Stochastic Pest Population: An Application to the European Red Mite

WP 1996-09 August 199

Geometric factors influencing the diet of vertebrate predators in marine and terrestrial environments

Predator–prey relationships are vital to ecosystem function and there is a need for greater predictive understanding of these interactions. We develop a geometric foraging model predicting minimum prey size scaling in marine and terrestrial vertebrate predators taking into account habitat dimensionality and biological traits. Our model predicts positive predator–prey size relationships on land but negative relationships in the sea. To test the model, we compiled data on diets of 794 predators (mammals, snakes, sharks and rays). Consistent with predictions, both terrestrial endotherm and ectotherm predators have significantly positive predator–prey size relationships. Marine predators, however, exhibit greater variation. Some of the largest predators specialise on small invertebrates while others are large vertebrate specialists. Prey–predator mass ratios were generally higher for ectothermic than endothermic predators, although dietary patterns were similar. Model-based simulations of predator–prey relationships were consistent with observed relationships, suggestin

An Agent-Based Computational Bioeconomic Model of Plant Disease Diffusion and Control: Grapevine Leafroll Disease

WP 2013-11 February 2013JEL Classification Codes: C15; C63; D24; Q1

Heteroleptic samarium(III) halide complexes probed by fluorescence-detected L3-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy

Addition of various oxidants to the near-linear Sm(II) complex [Sm(N††)2] (1), where N†† is the bulky bis(triisopropylsilyl)amide ligand {N(SiiPr3)2}, afforded a family of heteroleptic three-coordinate Sm(III) halide complexes, [Sm(N††)2(X)] (X = F, 2-F; Cl, 2-Cl; Br, 2-Br; I, 2-I). In addition, the trinuclear cluster [{Sm(N††)}3(μ2-I)3(μ3-I)2] (3), which formally contains one Sm(II) and two Sm(III) centres, was isolated during the synthesis of 2-I. Complexes 2-X are remarkably stable towards ligand redistribution, which is often a facile process for heteroleptic complexes of smaller monodentate ligands in lanthanide chemistry, including the related bis(trimethylsilyl)amide {N(SiMe3)2} (N′′). Complexes 2-X and 3 have been characterised by single crystal X-ray diffraction, elemental analysis, multinuclear NMR, FTIR and electronic spectroscopy. The Lα1 fluorescence-detected X-ray absorption spectrum recorded at the Sm L3-edge for 2-X exhibited a resolved pre-edge peak defined as an envelope quadrupole-allowed 2p → 4f transition. The X-ray absorption spectral features were successfully reproduced using time-dependent density functional theoretical (TD-DFT) calculations that synergistically supports the experimental observations as well as the theoretical model upon which the electronic structure and bonding in lanthanide complexes is derived

Adapted vs. conventional cattle genotypes: sustainability for organic and low input dairy production systems

Dairy cow strains arising from conventional breeding programmes are frequently perceived as unsuitable for organic and low input milk production systems. While farmers have identified a number of breeds and strains as being ‘adapted’ to organic and low input systems, there is often little scientific evidence to indicate that these breeds are more appropriate than conventional genotypes. Thus the purpose of this study is to examine the response of different dairy genotypes (i.e. "conventional" versus "adapted") to an undersupply with nutrients and energy, which is a characteristic of low input systems with limited dietary supplementation and to provide information on the metabolic response of dairy cows to such dietary restrictions

ECONOMIC STRATEGIES FOR COEVOLUTION: PARKS, BUFFER ZONES AND BIODIVERSITY

The creation of parks and preserves in less developed countries is seen as an important step in preserving biodiversity and genetic information (Dixon and Sherman 1990). The establishment of a park or preserve, however, is often seen as a threat by rural residents if they are denied access to areas where hunting, gathering or small scale agricultural provided them with food, fuel or marketable products. In a series of papers Norgaard (1981, 1984 and 1985) advocates development strategies that promote coevolution of socioeconomic and ecological systems. In this dynamic context, coevolution might be defined by a set of trajectories describing economic welfare and biodiversity that remain within "acceptable" bounds over some future horizon. (1) What are some possible measures for economic welfare and biodiversity? (2) How might one identify the scale and location of hunting, gathering and agricultural activities within a buffer zone to a park or preserve that would qualify as coevolutionary? (3) How might one optimize over the set of coevolutionary strategies? A methodology is proposed to address these questions and to explore the economic incentives that might support a coevolutionary strategy in the buffer zone to a park or preserve.Resource /Energy Economics and Policy,