Efficacy of microbiological treatments and trap crop against pests of winter oilseed rape

Winter oilseed rape was cultivated in monoculture or in combination with turnip rape as trap crop sown in trap strip. Preventative microbiological treatments for diseases control in winter oilseed rape were tested using Trichoderma asperellum and product based on effective microorganisms. Microorganisms were effective to protect of oilseed rape and allowed to obtain higher yield comparing to untreated plants. No effect of turnip rape as trap crop stripe on infestation by insect pest was observed. There was no statistically significant influence of presence B. rapa on total yield. Statistically higher percentage of infected pods collected from area with turnip rape compared to monoculture area was noted

Personality traits and motivation as factors associated with symptoms of problematic binge-watching

Advance in new technologies has created a new form of consuming television. Binge-watching can be highly entertaining behavior, but its excessive forms could lead to development of risk of addiction. The aim of the study was to identify psychological factors associated with symptoms of problematic binge-watching and to establish on what devices and platforms young people tend to binge-watch. The results of the study indicate that Polish university students usually binge-watch on laptops and smartphones by using the Internet - streaming platforms or other websites. Low Conscientiousness was the strongest variable related to symptoms of binge-watching from all the personality traits. Furthermore, results show that there is a significant relationship between low Agreeableness, low Emotional Stability, low Intellect and problematic binge-watching. Moreover, escape motivation was the strongest factor from all motivational variables

Self-assessment of the body and social competences in the group of mothers and their adult daughters

The main research objective of this study was seeking the predictive role of generalself-esteem and the body image in social competences among women and their biological daughters. As it stands, there is a lack of research showing the mothers and their adult daughters at thesame time in the context of measuring the same psychological variables, i.e., general self-esteem,self-assessment of the body and specific social competences in the scope of behaviour in intimatesituations, situations requiring social exposure and assertiveness. The study group comprised102 individuals; 51 pairs of mothers (40-64 years old, M=51.33) and their biological daughters (19-25 years old, M=22.49). The following instruments were used: The Rosenberg Self-esteemScale, the Contour Drawing Rating Scale, the Body Esteem Scale, the Social Competence Scale,categorized interview (to measure BMI and collect data describing the criteria for selection to theresearch group). The significance of the differences and the stepwise regression analysis wereperformed. The results of the study demonstrated the following to be significant predictors of socialcompetences in subjects: General self-esteem B=0.615, discrepancy real-obligatory body imageB=0.275 among daughters, and physical condition B=0.362 in mothers. The general self-esteemof daughters positively influences all verified types of their social competences (competences inintimate situations, in case of social exposure and ability to be assertive). However, it is thesignificant predictor only for mothers’ competences in dealing with situations of social exposure.Discrepancy real-obligatory body image: Seems to be the predictor of daughters’ social competencesconditioning effectiveness in situations requiring assertiveness. The physical condition amongmothers seems to be especially important for their assertiveness and effectiveness in intimatesituations. The conflict between the real and the ideal body image is also an important aspect inpredicting the assertiveness in the group of mothers. The study results can prove to be helpful increating preventive and educational programs focused on self-esteem and social competencies inwomen, including the context of the relation between mothers and their daughters

Characteristics of people's binge-watching behavior in the "entering into early adulthood" period of life

Background. The study focuses on psychological conditions of the phenomenon of binge-watching. The aim of the article was to characterize the frequency and motivation to perform binge-watching in a group of young adults. Another goal of the research was to present the results of preliminary adaptation works on two scales that were previously non-existent in Polish literature, which may be used to study binge-watching. Participants and procedure. The study involved 854 female and 150 male participants aged 19-26 years. The participants of the research were students of Polish universities. The following research methods were applied in the study: Polish adaptation of the Viewing Motivation Scale by Alan M. Rubin and the author's tool - Questionnaire of Excessive Binge-Watching Behaviors by Jolanta Starosta. Results. The conducted analysis revealed a significant association between high frequency of binge-watching and escape motivation (ρ = .55, p < .05) and motivation to deal with loneliness (ρ = .42, p < .05). Furthermore, these two motivations correlate signifi-cantly with such predictors of risk for behavioral addiction as Loss of control and neglect of duties and Emotional reactions. Research has shown that the Polish adaptation of the Viewing Motivation Scale and the Questionnaire of Excessive Binge-Watching Behaviors are tools that meet psychometric standards. Conclusions. The study shows that participants have various motivations to binge-watch series. The individuals who binge-watch with the highest frequency had a tendency to have escape motivation and motivation to deal with loneliness. There are some relations with various motivation and frequency of binge-watching with risk factors for behavioral addiction. The methods presented in the study - the Viewing Motivation Scale and the Questionnaire of Excessive Binge-Watching Behaviors - may be useful in learning about the phenomenon of binge-watching

It’s not just about how long you play. Indirect gaming involvement and genre preferences in predicting gaming disorder risk: evidence from preregistered studies

IntroductionThe strength of the association between gaming involvement and gaming disorder is weak to moderate. Gamers cannot be directly involved in gaming all the time, but how much they are involved in activities indirectly related to gaming during gaming-free time may play an important role. Also, specific game genres may matter. The present investigation focuses on the role of indirect gaming involvement and genres in gaming disorder risk prediction.MethodsTwo pre-registered studies were conducted. Study 1 (N = 205) was conducted online, whereas Study 2 (N = 250) was conducted in a lab. In both cases, participants reported their direct and indirect involvement in gaming (DGI and IGI, respectively) and completed a screening tool that estimates the risk of gaming disorder (Gaming Disorder Test).ResultsBoth IGI and DGI were weakly to moderately correlated with gaming disorder (GD) and moderately with each other. The correlations between DGI and GD were similar to those obtained in related studies; the correlation between IGI and GD has not been previously reported. Hierarchical regression that took IGI together with DGI into account showed an increase in the percentage of explained variance, but only in Study 1. Contrary to expectations, IGI did not interact with DGI. As is consistent with previous research, some game genres were found to be more closely related to GD than others: in both studies, this was an RPG; in Study 1, this was also an MMORPG; in Study 2, driving and shooting games also predicted GD risk.DiscussionOverall, the results clearly indicate that not only gaming time plays a role in GD risk assessment: IGI can also predict it and in some cases may allow for more accurate predictions. Gaming genres once again proved to play a role, but these and similar results should be treated with caution due to the partial lack of repeatability

Trauma to pattern of impulsive symptoms in women suffering from bulimia and compulsive overeating

Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie wyników badań własnych na temat poszukiwania związków pomiędzy doświadczonymi w życiu traumami a wzorcem objawów impulsywnych u kobiet chorujących na bulimię i zespół kompulsywnego objadania się. Podstawowe pytanie badawcze brzmi: w jakim stopniu zdarzenia traumatyczne, doświadczone przez kobiety chorujące nabulimię i kompulsywne objadanie się, wykazują związek z występującymi u tych kobiet objawami impulsywnymi? Grupę badawczą utworzyło 120 kobiet chorujących na zaburzenia odżywiania: 60 kobiet w wieku od 20 do 28 lat z bulimią oraz 60 kobiet z zespołem kompulsywnego objadania się. Badania przeprowadzono w latach 2007-2014 w ośrodkach leczenia nerwic i zaburzeń odżywiania, poradniach zdrowia psychicznego na terenie Polski. W badaniach zastosowano wywiad kliniczny i metodę psychometryczną (Kwestionariusz Zaburzeń Odżywiania EDI D. Garnera, polskie oprac. C. Żechowski). Analiza statystyczna potwierdziła istnienie istotnych różnic między kobietami chorującymi na bulimię lub kompulsywnie objadające się, które jednocześnie doświadczyły w swoim życiu (szczególnie w dzieciństwie i okresie dorastania) traum psychicznych, a tymi, które tego rodzaju traum nie ujawniły. Diagnoza obecności traum relacyjnych w autobiografiach to ważny element do uwzględnienia w przebiegu procesu psychoterapii osób cierpiących na zaburzenia odżywiania (bulimię i kompulsywne objadanie się).The aim of the article was to demonstrate results of the Author’s own study that sought relationships between having experienced psychological trauma and the impulsive symptoms in women suffering from bulimia and compulsive overeating. The basic research question was the following: To what degree are the trauma experienced by females with bulimia and symptoms, compulsive overeating related with these females’ impulsive symptoms? The sample comprised 120 females with eating disorders, particularly: 60 females aged between 20 and 28 diagnosed with bulimia nervosa, 60 females diagnosed with binge-eating disorder. The research was carried out in the years 2007-2014 in outpatient clinics treating neuroses and eating disorders and mental health outpatient clinics in Poland. The study employed clinical interview and psychometric methods (Eating Disorders Inventory D. Garnera, polish version C. Żechowski). Statistical analysis confirmed the existence of a higher frequency of impulsive symptoms in women with bulimia and binge-eating disorder who have experienced trauma(s) in their lives (particularly in their childhood and adolescence) and those who did not reveal such experience. Diagnosing the occurrence of relational trauma in patients’ autobiographies is a key element that should be involved in the process of psychotherapy for people with eating disorders

Understanding the Phenomenon of Binge-Watching—A Systematic Review

Binge-watching is a relatively new behaviour pattern whose popularity has been increasing since 2013, ultimately to become one of the most popular ways of spending free time, especially among young people. However, there is still a dearth of research on this phenomenon. The aim of this study is to present the current understanding and psychological conditions of binge-watching, as provided in the research papers published between 2013 and 2020. This systematic review, including 28 articles, addresses different approaches to defining this behaviour, diverse motivations, personality traits, and risks of excessive binge-watching. Its results imply that there are two perspectives in understanding binge-watching. The first is related to entertainment, positive emotions, cognition, and spending free time. However, the second perspective emphasises the negative outcomes of excessive binge-watching and symptoms of behavioural addiction. There is undoubtedly a need for further research to be conducted on diversified populations to reach more profound understanding of binge-watching behaviour patterns

Understanding phenomenon of binge-watching : a systematic review

Binge-watching is a relatively new behaviour pattern whose popularity has been increasing since 2013, ultimately to become one of the most popular ways of spending free time, especially among young people. However, there is still a dearth of research on this phenomenon. The aim of this study is to present the current understanding and psychological conditions of binge-watching, as provided in the research papers published between 2013 and 2020. This systematic review, including 28 articles, addresses different approaches to defining this behaviour, diverse motivations, personality traits, and risks of excessive binge-watching. Its results imply that there are two perspectives in understanding binge-watching. The first is related to entertainment, positive emotions, cognition, and spending free time. However, the second perspective emphasises the negative outcomes of excessive binge-watching and symptoms of behavioural addiction. There is undoubtedly a need for further research to be conducted on diversified populations to reach more profound understanding of binge-watching behaviour patterns