53 research outputs found
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Thin-film Bulk Acoustic Resonators on Integrated Circuits for Physical Sensing Applications
- Author
- Publication venue
- 'Columbia University Libraries/Information Services'
- Publication date
- 01/01/2012
- Field of study
Merging chemical and biomolecular sensors with silicon integrated circuits has the potential to push complex electronics into a low-cost, portable platform, greatly simplifying system- level instrumentation and extending the reach and functionality of point of use technologies. One such class of sensor, the thin-film bulk acoustic resonator (FBAR), has a micron-scale size and low gigahertz frequency range that is ideally matched with modern complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) technologies. An FBAR sensor can enable label-free detection of analytes in real time, and CMOS integration can overcome the measurement complexity and equipment cost normally required for detection with acoustic resonators.
This thesis describes a body of work conducted to integrate an array of FBAR sensors with an active CMOS substrate. A monolithic fabrication method is developed, which allows for FBAR devices to be built directly on the top surface of the CMOS chip through post-processing. A custom substrate is designed and fabricated in 0.18 µm CMOS to support oscillation and frequency measurement for each sensor site in a 6×4 array. The fabrication of 0.8-1.5 GHz FBAR devices is validated for both off-chip and on-chip devices, and the integrated system is characterized for sensitivity and limit of detection. On-chip, parallel measurement of multiple sensors in real time is demonstrated for a quantitative vapor sensing application, and the limit of detection is below 50 ppm. This sensor platform could be used for a broad scope of label-free detection applications in chemistry, biology, and medicine, and it demonstrates potential for enabling a low-cost, point of use instrument
Exponential growth, high prevalence of SARS-CoV-2, and vaccine effectiveness associated with the Delta variant
- Author
- Aanensen David M.
- Adams Helen
- Aggarwal Dinesh
- Ainslie Kylie E. C.
- Alderton Alex
- Alikhan Nabil-Fareed
- Amato Roberto
- Andersson Monique
- Ariani Cristina V.
- Ash Amy
- Ashby Deborah
- Atchison Christina
- Awan Ali R.
- Barclay Wendy
- Barrett Jeff
- Bashton Matthew
- Bassett Andrew R.
- Batra Rahul
- Beale Mathew A.
- Beckett Angela H.
- Bellis Katherine L.
- Berry Lisa
- Blane Beth
- Bonsall David
- Bosworth Andrew
- Bourgeois Yann
- Boyes John
- Breuer Judith
- Brown Julianne Rose
- Bucca Giselda
- Buck David
- Bull Matthew
- Campbell Sharon
- Carabelli Alessandro M.
- Carlile Matthew
- Casey Anna
- Chand Meera
- Chauhan Anoop J.
- Clark Gemma
- Collins Jennifer
- Connor Thomas R.
- Constantinidou Chrystala
- Cook Kate
- Cooke Graham
- Corden Sally
- Cottrell Simon
- Cox Alison
- Craine Noel
- Curran Martin D.
- da Silva Filipe Ana
- Darby Alistair C.
- Darzi Ara
- Davies Robert
- Davis Thomas
- de Cesare Mariateresa
- de Silva Thushan I.
- Dent Hannah
- Dervisevic Samir
- Dewar Rebecca
- Diggle Peter J.
- Donnelly Christl A.
- Dorman Matthew J.
- Drury Eleanor
- du Plessis Louis
- Durham Jillian
- Eales Oliver
- Edgeworth Jonathan
- Elliott Paul
- Elliott Scott
- Eltringham Gary
- Fairley Derek J.
- Fearn Christopher
- Fenton Melisa Louise
- Fraser Christophe
- Fronterre Claudio
- Girgis Sophia T.
- Glaysher Sharon
- Golubchik Tanya
- Goncalves Sonia
- Goodfellow Ian G.
- Goudarzi Salman
- Graham Clive
- Grammatopoulos Dimitris
- Green Angie
- Gupta Ravi Kumar
- Hadjirin Nazreen F.
- Haldenby Sam T.
- Halstead Fenella
- Hamilton William L.
- Haque Tanzina
- Harris Kathryn Ann
- Harrison Ewan M.
- Hart Jennifer
- Hassan-Ibrahim Mohammed O.
- Haw David
- Hesketh Andrew R.
- Heyburn David
- Hiscox Julian A.
- Holden Matthew T.G.
- Holmes Christopher
- Holmes Nadine
- Hosmillo Myra
- Hutchings Stephanie
- Irish-Tavares Dianne
- Iturriza-Gomara Miren
- Jackson David K.
- Jackson Leigh M.
- Jahun Aminu S.
- Jeffries Aaron R.
- Jesudason Natasha G.
- John Michaela
- Johnston Ian
- Jones Carl
- Jones Christopher R.
- Jones Katie
- Justice Anita
- Kane Leanne
- Kay Gemma L.
- Kay Sally
- Knight Bridget A.
- Koshy Cherian
- Kristiansen Mark
- Kwiatkowski Dominic
- Langford Cordelia F.
- Lawniczak Mara
- Leonard Steven
- Letchford Laura
- Li Kathy K.
- Liggett Steven
- Livett Rich
- Loman Nicholas J.
- Loose Matthew W.
- Loveson Katie F.
- Lowe Hannah
- Lucaci Anita O.
- Ludden Catherine
- Lynch Jessica
- Lyons Ronan A.
- Madona Pinglawathee
- Mahanama Adhyana I.K.
- Mahungu Tabitha W.
- Martincorena Inigo
- Martinez Nunez Rocio T.
- Masoli Jane A.H.
- McCann Clare
- McClure Patrick C.
- McGuigan Samantha
- McHugh Martin P.
- McKenna James P.
- McMurray Claire
- McNally Alan
- Meader Emma J.
- Michell Stephen L.
- Moore Catherine
- Moore Christopher
- Moses Samuel
- Muir Peter
- Nelson Andrew
- Nelson Rachel
- Nicholls Sam
- O'Toole Áine
- Oliver Karen
- Osman Husam
- Ott Sascha
- O’Grady Justin
- Pacchiarini Nicole
- Page Andrew J.
- Page Andrew J.
- Palmer Steve
- Pandey Sarojini
- Park Naomi R.
- Parker Matthew D.
- Parmar Surendra
- Paterson Steve
- Paul Hannah
- Peacock Sharon J.
- Pelosi Emanuela
- Perry Malorie
- Poplawski Radoslaw
- Prestwood Liam
- Price Anna
- Prieto Jacqui A.
- Prosolek Sophie J.
- Pybus Oliver G.
- Pymont Hannah M.
- Quick Joshua
- Rajatileka Shavanthi
- Rambaut Andrew
- Randell Paul Anthony
- Ratcliffe Liz
- Rey Sara
- Riley Steven
- Robertson David L.
- Robinson Esther
- Robson Samuel C.
- Rooke Stefan
- Roy Sunando
- Ruis Chris
- Saeed Kordo
- Saluja Tranprit
- Samaraweera Buddhini
- Shaaban Sharif
- Shah Rajiv N.
- Shepherd James G.
- Sillitoe John
- Silveira Siona
- Simpson David A.
- Sivaprakasam Venkat
- Sloan Tim J.
- Smith Colin P.
- Smith Darren
- Snell Luke B.
- Spencer Chapman Michael H.
- Stark Richard
- Storey Nathaniel
- Swindells Emma
- Taha Yusri
- Taylor Graham
- Temperton Ben
- Templeton Kate E.
- Thomson Emma C.
- Todd John A.
- Torok M. Estee
- Trotter Alexander J.
- Underwood Anthony P.
- Unnikrishnan Meera
- Vipond Ian B.
- Volz Erik M.
- Walters Caroline E.
- Wang Dennis
- Wang Haowei
- Ward Helen
- Warne Ben
- Watkins Joanne
- Weldon Danni
- Williams Chris
- Williams Rachel J.
- Williams Thomas
- Wilson-Davies Eleri
- Witele Eric
- Wyles Matthew
- Xu-McCrae Li
- Young Greg
- Publication venue
- 'American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)'
- Publication date
- 17/12/2021
- Field of study
SARS-CoV-2 infections were rising during early summer 2021 in many countries associated with the Delta variant. We assessed RT-PCR swab-positivity in the REal-time Assessment of Community Transmission-1 (REACT-1) study in England. We observed sustained exponential growth with average doubling time (June-July 2021) of 25 days driven by complete replacement of Alpha variant by Delta, and by high prevalence at younger less-vaccinated ages. Unvaccinated people were three times more likely than double-vaccinated people to test positive. However, after adjusting for age and other variables, vaccine effectiveness for double-vaccinated people was estimated at between ~50% and ~60% during this period in England. Increased social mixing in the presence of Delta had the potential to generate sustained growth in infections, even at high levels of vaccination
Hospital admission and emergency care attendance risk for SARS-CoV-2 delta (B.1.617.2) compared with alpha (B.1.1.7) variants of concern: a cohort study
- Author
- Aanensen David
- Abudahab Khalil
- Acheson Erwan
- Adams Alexander
- Adams Helen
- Afifi Safiah
- Aggarwal Dinesh
- Ahmad Shazaad
- Aigrain Louise
- Alam Mohammad
- Alcolea-Medina Adela
- Alderton Alex
- Aliabadi Shirin
- Alikhan Nabil-Fareed
- Allara Elias
- Amato Roberto
- Andersson Monique
- Angyal Adrienn
- Aranday-Cortes Elihu
- Ariani Cristina
- Asad Hibo
- Asamaphan Patawee
- Ash Amy
- Ashcroft Fiona
- Atkinson Laura
- Attwood Stephen
- Auckland Cressida
- Awan Ali
- Aydin Alp
- Baker David
- Baker Paul
- Balcazar Carlos
- Ball Jonathan
- Barrett Jeff
- Barton Edward
- Bashton Matthew
- Bassett Andrew
- Batra Rahul
- Baxter Laura
- Bayzid Nadua
- Beale Mathew
- Beaver Charlotte
- Beckett Angela
- Bedford Luke
- Beer Robert
- Beggs Andrew
- Bellis Katherine
- Berry Lisa
- Berry Louise
- Best Angus
- Betancor Gilberto
- Betteridge Emma
- Bewshea Claire
- Bibby David
- Bicknell Kelly
- Birchley Alec
- Bird Paul
- Bishop Chloe
- Blacow Rachel
- Blakey Victoria
- Blane Beth
- Bolt Frances
- Bonfield James
- Bonner Stephen
- Bonsall David
- Boswell Tim
- Bosworth Andrew
- Bourgeois Yann
- Boyd Olivia
- BoYes John
- Bradley Amanda
- Bradley Declan
- Bradshaw Daniel
- Breen Cassie
- Bresner Catherine
- Breuer Judith
- Bridgewater Hannah
- Bronner Iraad
- Brooks Ellena
- Broos Alice
- Brown Julianne
- Brown Paul
- Brown Rebecca
- Bucca Giselda
- Buck David
- Bull Matthew
- Burton-Fanning Shirelle
- Campbell Sharon
- Carabelli Alessandro
- Carden Holli
- Carlile Matthew
- Carmichael Stephen
- Casey Anna
- Cerda Alberto
- Chalker Vicki
- Chand Meera
- Chapman Michael
- Chappell Joseph
- Charalampous Themoula
- Charlett Andre
- Chatterton Wendy
- Chaudhry Yasmin
- Chauhan Anoop
- Cheng Jeffrey
- Churcher Carol
- Clark Gemma
- Cogger Benjamin
- Coll Francesc
- Collins Jennifer
- Connor Thomas
- Constantinidou Chrystala
- Cook Kate
- Coombes Jason
- Corden Sally
- Cormie Claire
- Cortes Nick
- Cotic Marius
- Cottrell Simon
- Coupland Lindsay
- Cowell Angela
- Cox Alison
- Craine Noel
- Crawford Liam
- Cronin Michelle
- Crook Derrick
- Cumley Nicola
- Curran Martin
- Curran Tanya
- da Silva Filipe Ana
- Dabrera Gavin
- Dabrera Gavin
- Dadrah Ashok
- Danesh John
- Darby Alistair
- Davidson Rose
- Davies Alisha
- Davies Robert
- Davis Thomas
- De Angelis Daniela
- de Cesare Mariateresa
- De Lacy Elen
- de Oliveira Martins Leonardo
- de Silva Thushan
- Debebe Johnny
- Dent Hannah
- Dervisevic Samir
- Dewar Rebecca
- Dias Joana
- Dorman Matthew
- Downing Fatima
- Drury Eleanor
- du Plessis Louis
- Duckworth Nichola
- Durham Jillian
- Eccles Richard
- Edgeworth Jonathan
- Edwards Sue
- Eldirdiri Sahar
- Ellaby Nicholas
- Ellard Sian
- Elliott Scott
- Eltringham Gary
- Ensell Leah
- Escalera Zamudio Marina
- Essex Sarah
- Evans Cariad
- Evans Johnathan
- Eyre David
- F. Nascimento Fabricia
- Fairley Derek
- Fallon Karlie
- Farbos Audrey
- Farr Ben
- Fearn Christopher
- Fenton Melisa
- Fina Laia
- Fisher Chloe
- Flaviani Flavia
- Fleming Vicki
- Forrest Sally
- Foulser Luke
- Francois Sarah
- Fraser Christophe
- Freeman Timothy
- Frost Lucy
- Fuller William
- Galai Katerina
- Gallagher Eileen
- Gallagher Eileen
- Gallagher Michael
- Gallis Marta
- Gaskin Amy
- Gatica-Wilcox Bree
- Geidelberg Lily
- Gemmell Matthew
- Georgana Iliana
- George Ryan
- Gifford Laura
- Gilbert Lauren
- Gill Harmeet
- Girgis Sophia
- Glaysher Sharon
- Golubchik Tanya
- Goncalves Sonia
- Goodfellow Ian
- Goodwin Scott
- Goudarzi Salman
- Gourtovaia Marina
- Graham Clive
- Graham Lee
- Grammatopoulos Dimitris
- Green Angie
- Green Luke
- Greenaway Jane
- Gregory Richard
- Groves Danielle
- Groves Natalie
- Guest Martyn
- Gulliver Huw
- Gunson Rory
- Gupta Ravi
- Gutierrez Bernardo
- Hadjirin Nazreen
- Haldenby Sam
- Hale Antony
- Hall Grant
- Halstead Fenella
- Hamilton William
- Haque Tanzina
- Harper Katherine
- Harris Kathryn
- Harris Ross J
- Harrison Ewan
- Harrison Ian
- Harrison James
- Hart Jennifer
- Hartley John
- Hartman Hassan
- Hassan-Ibrahim Mohammed
- Heaney Judith
- Helmer Thomas
- Hesketh Andrew
- Heyburn David
- Higginson Ellen
- Hill Verity
- Hilvers Ember
- Hiscox Julian
- Hogsden Wendy
- Holden Matthew
- Holmes Alison
- Holmes Christopher
- Holmes Nadine
- Hope Russell
- Hopes Richard
- Hosmillo Myra
- Howe Robin
- Howson-Wells Hannah
- Hubb Jonathan
- Hughes Joseph
- Hughes Margaret
- Hutchings Stephanie
- Illingworth Chris
- Impey Robert
- Irish-Tavares Dianne
- Iturriza-Gomara Miren
- Jackson Chris
- Jackson David
- Jackson Kathryn
- Jackson Leigh
- Jahun Aminu
- James Keith
- Jamrozy Dorota
- Jannoo Riaz
- Jeffries Aaron
- Jeremiah Sarah
- Jesudason Natasha
- John Michaela
- Johnson Kate
- Johnson Natasha
- Johnson Rob
- Johnston Ian
- Jones Carl
- Jones Christopher
- Jones Hannah
- Jones Katie
- Jones Rachel
- Jones Sophie
- Jorgensen David
- Joseph Amelia
- Justice Anita
- Kane Leanne
- Karamani Angeliki
- Kay Gemma
- Kay Sally
- Keatley Jon-Paul
- Keeley Alexander
- Kenyon Anita
- Kermack Leanne
- Khakh Manjinder
- Kidd Stephen
- Kitchen Christine
- Knight Bridget
- Koshy Cherian
- Kraemer Moritz
- Kristiansen Mark
- Kumziene-SummerhaYes Sara
- Kwiatkowski Dominic
- Lackenby Angie
- Langford Cordelia
- Lawniczak Mara
- Le-Viet Thanh
- Ledesma Juan
- Lee David
- Lee Jack
- Leek Danielle
- Lensing Stefanie
- Leonard Steven
- Letchford Laura
- Levene Nick
- Levett Lisa
- Lewis Kevin
- Li Kathy
- Liddle Jennifier
- Liggett Steven
- Lindsey Benjamin
- Lister Michelle
- Livett Rich
- Lloyd Allyson
- Lo Stephanie
- Loman Nicholas
- Loose Matthew
- Lopez-Bernal Jamie
- Louka Stavroula
- Loveson Katie
- Lowe Hannah
- Lowe Helen
- Lucaci Anita
- Ludden Catherine
- Lynch Jessica
- Lyons Ronan
- Macfarlane-Smith Louissa
- Machin Nicholas
- MacIntyre-Cockett George
- Maclean Alasdair
- Madona Pinglawathee
- Maes Mailis
- Mahanama Adhyana
- Mahungu Tabitha
- Mair Daniel
- Maksimovic Joshua
- Makunin Alex
- Malone Cassandra
- Manesis Nikos
- Manley Robin
- Manso Carmen
- Marchbank Angela
- Martincorena Inigo
- Martinez Nunez Rocio
- Masoli Jane
- Mason Jenifer
- Mather Alison
- Mayhew Megan
- Mbisa Tamyo
- McCann Clare
- McCarthy Shane
- McCluggage Kathryn
- McClure Patrick
- McGuigan Samantha
- McHugh Martin
- McKenna James
- McKerr Caoimhe
- McManus Georgina
- McMurray Claire
- McNally Alan
- Meader Emma
- Meadows Lizzie
- Megram Oliver
- Menegazzo Mirko
- Merrick Ian
- Merrill Tammy
- Miah Shahjahan
- Michell Stephen
- Michelsen Michelle
- Mirza Jeremy
- Moles-Garcia Emma
- Moll Robin
- Mollett Guy
- Molnar Zoltan
- Monaghan Lynn
- Mookerjee Siddharth
- Moore Catherine
- Moore Christopher
- Moore Jonathan
- Moore Nathan
- Morgan Mari
- Morgan Sian
- Mori Matilde
- Moses Samuel
- Muir Peter
- Munn Robert
- Myers Richard
- Nebbia Gaia
- Nelson Andrew
- Nelson Charlotte
- Nelson Rachel
- Nicholls Sam
- Nichols Jenna
- Nickbakhsh Seema
- Niebel Marc
- Nomikou Kyriaki
- Nyberg Tommy
- O'Brien Sarah
- O'Grady Justin
- O'Toole Elaine
- O'Toole Áine
- Oliver Karen
- Orton Richard
- Osman Husam
- Ott Sascha
- Pacchiarini Nicole
- Padgett Debra
- Page Andrew
- Palmer Sophie
- Palmer Steve
- Pandey Sarojini
- Park Naomi
- Parker Matthew
- Parmar Surendra
- Parsons Paul
- Partridge David
- Patel Amita
- Patel Minal
- Patel Vineet
- Paterson Steve
- Paul Hannah
- Payne Brendan
- Peacock Sharon
- Pearson Clare
- Pelosi Emanuela
- Percival Benita
- Perry Malorie
- Peto Timothy
- Pinckert Malte
- Platt Steven
- Plimmer Amy
- Poplawski Radoslaw
- Presanis Anne M
- Prestwood Liam
- Price Anna
- Price James
- Prieto Jacqui
- Puethe Christoph
- Pusok Monika
- Pybus Oliver
- Pymont Hannah
- Quail Michael
- Quick Joshua
- Raghwani Jayna
- Ragonnet-Cronin Manon
- Rainbow Lucille
- Rajan Diana
- Rajatileka Shavanthi
- Rambaut Andrew
- Ramsay Mary
- Randell Paul
- Ratcliffe Liz
- Raviprakash Veena
- Raza Mohammad
- Redshaw Nicholas
- Rey Sara
- Reynolds Nicola
- Richter Alex
- Robertson David
- Robinson Esther
- Robinson Trevor
- Robson Samuel
- Rooke Stefan
- Rowan Aileen
- Rowe Will
- Roy Sunando
- Rudder Steven
- Ruis Chris
- Rushton Steven
- Saeed Kordo
- Saluja Tranprit
- Samaraweera Buddhini
- Sambles Christine
- Sang Fei
- Scarlett Garry
- Schaefer Ulf
- Scott Carol
- Scott Garren
- Seaman Shaun R
- Shaaban Sharif
- Shah Divya
- Shah Rajiv
- Shankar Giri
- Shepherd James
- Sheriff Nicola
- Shirley Lesley
- Signell Adrian
- Sillitoe John
- Silveira Siona
- Simpson David
- Singer Joshua
- Sinnathamby Mary A
- Sivaprakasam Venkat
- Siveroni Igor
- Sloan Tim
- Sluga Graciela
- Smith Colin
- Smith Darren
- Smith Kim
- Smith Louise
- Smith Nikki
- Smith Wendy
- Smollett Katherine
- Snell Luke
- Southgate Joel
- Spellman Karla
- Spencer Chapman Michael
- Sridhar Sushmita
- Stanley Rachael
- Stanton Thomas
- Starinskij Igor
- Stark Richard
- Stockton Joanne
- Stonehouse Susanne
- Storey Nathaniel
- Studholme David
- Swindells Emma
- Symmonds Amanda
- Taha Yusri
- Tang Julian
- Taylor Ben
- Taylor Graham
- Taylor Sarah
- Taylor-Joyce Grace
- Temperton Ben
- Templeton Kate
- Thelwall Simon
- Thompson Thomas
- Thomson Emma
- Thornton Alicia
- Thurston Scott
- Todd John
- Tong Lily
- Tonkin-Hill Gerry
- Torok M. Estee
- Tovar-Corona Jaime
- Trebes Amy
- Trotter Alexander
- Tsoleridis Theocharis
- Tucker Rachel
- Turtle Lance
- Twohig Katherine
- Twohig Katherine A
- Underwood Anthony
- Unnikrishnan Meera
- Vamos Edith
- Vasylyeva Tetyana
- Vattipally Sreenu
- Vernet Gabrielle
- Vipond Ian
- Volz Erik
- Walsh Sarah
- Wang Dennis
- Wantoch Michelle
- Warne Ben
- Warwick-Dugdale Joanna
- Wastenge Elizabeth
- Watkins Joanne
- Watts Joanne
- Waugh Sheila
- Webster Hermione
- Weldon Danni
- Westhorpe Adam
- Whitehead Mark
- Whiteley Max
- Whitwham Andrew
- Wierzbicki Claudia
- Williams Charlotte
- Williams Chris
- Williams David
- Williams Lesley-Anne
- Williams Rachel
- Williams Rebecca
- Williams Thomas
- Williamson Kathleen
- Willingham Iona
- Wilson Harry
- Wilson Rebekah
- Wilson-Davies Eleri
- Wise Emma
- Witele Eric
- Workman Trudy
- Wright Victoria
- Wyatt Tim
- Wyles Matthew
- Wyllie Sarah
- Xu-McCrae Li
- Yeats Corin
- Yew Wen
- Young Gregory
- Young Jamie
- Zaidi Asad
- Zarebski Alex
- Zhang Peijun
- Publication venue
- 'Elsevier BV'
- Publication date
- 01/01/2022
- Field of study
Background:
The SARS-CoV-2 delta (B.1.617.2) variant was first detected in England in March, 2021. It has since rapidly become the predominant lineage, owing to high transmissibility. It is suspected that the delta variant is associated with more severe disease than the previously dominant alpha (B.1.1.7) variant. We aimed to characterise the severity of the delta variant compared with the alpha variant by determining the relative risk of hospital attendance outcomes.
Methods:
This cohort study was done among all patients with COVID-19 in England between March 29 and May 23, 2021, who were identified as being infected with either the alpha or delta SARS-CoV-2 variant through whole-genome sequencing. Individual-level data on these patients were linked to routine health-care datasets on vaccination, emergency care attendance, hospital admission, and mortality (data from Public Health England's Second Generation Surveillance System and COVID-19-associated deaths dataset; the National Immunisation Management System; and NHS Digital Secondary Uses Services and Emergency Care Data Set). The risk for hospital admission and emergency care attendance were compared between patients with sequencing-confirmed delta and alpha variants for the whole cohort and by vaccination status subgroups. Stratified Cox regression was used to adjust for age, sex, ethnicity, deprivation, recent international travel, area of residence, calendar week, and vaccination status.
Findings:
Individual-level data on 43 338 COVID-19-positive patients (8682 with the delta variant, 34 656 with the alpha variant; median age 31 years [IQR 17–43]) were included in our analysis. 196 (2·3%) patients with the delta variant versus 764 (2·2%) patients with the alpha variant were admitted to hospital within 14 days after the specimen was taken (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 2·26 [95% CI 1·32–3·89]). 498 (5·7%) patients with the delta variant versus 1448 (4·2%) patients with the alpha variant were admitted to hospital or attended emergency care within 14 days (adjusted HR 1·45 [1·08–1·95]). Most patients were unvaccinated (32 078 [74·0%] across both groups). The HRs for vaccinated patients with the delta variant versus the alpha variant (adjusted HR for hospital admission 1·94 [95% CI 0·47–8·05] and for hospital admission or emergency care attendance 1·58 [0·69–3·61]) were similar to the HRs for unvaccinated patients (2·32 [1·29–4·16] and 1·43 [1·04–1·97]; p=0·82 for both) but the precision for the vaccinated subgroup was low.
Interpretation:
This large national study found a higher hospital admission or emergency care attendance risk for patients with COVID-19 infected with the delta variant compared with the alpha variant. Results suggest that outbreaks of the delta variant in unvaccinated populations might lead to a greater burden on health-care services than the alpha variant.
Funding:
Medical Research Council; UK Research and Innovation; Department of Health and Social Care; and National Institute for Health Research
Investigation of hospital discharge cases and SARS-CoV-2 introduction into Lothian care homes
- Author
- Aanensen David M.
- Abudahab Khalil
- Adams Alexander
- Adams Helen
- Afifi Safiah
- Aggarwal Dinesh
- Ahmad Shazaad SY.
- Aigrain Louise
- Alcolea-Medina Adela
- Alikhan Nabil-Fareed
- Allara Elias
- Amato Roberto
- Angyal Adrienn
- Annett Tara
- Aplin Stephen
- Ariani Cristina V.
- Asad Hibo
- Ash Amy
- Ashfield Paula
- Ashford Fiona
- Atkinson Laura
- Attwood Stephen W.
- Auckland Cressida
- Aydin Alp
- Baker David J.
- Baker Paul
- Balcazar Carlos E.
- Ball Jonathan
- Barrett Jeffrey C.
- Barrow Magdalena
- Barton Edward
- Bashton Matthew
- Bassett Andrew R.
- Batra Rahul
- Baxter Chris
- Bayzid Nadua
- Beaver Charlotte
- Beckett Angela H.
- Beckwith Shaun M.
- Bedford Luke
- Beer Robert
- Beggs Andrew
- Bellis Katherine L.
- Berry Louise
- Bertolusso Beatrice
- Best Angus
- Betteridge Emma
- Bibby David
- Bicknell Kelly
- Binns Debbie
- Birchley Alec
- Bird Paul W.
- Bishop Chloe
- Blacow Rachel
- Blakey Victoria
- Blane Beth
- Bolt Frances
- Bonfield James
- Bonner Stephen
- Bonsall David
- Boswell Tim
- Bosworth Andrew
- Bourgeois Yann
- Boyd Olivia
- Bradley Declan T.
- Breen Cassie
- Bresner Catherine
- Breuer Judith
- Bridgett Stephen
- Bronner Iraad F.
- Brooks Ellena
- Broos Alice
- Brown Julianne R.
- Bucca Giselda
- Buchan Sarah L.
- Buck David
- Bull Matthew
- Burns Phillipa J.
- Burton-Fanning Shirelle
- Byaruhanga Timothy
- Byott Matthew
- Campbell Sharon
- Carabelli Alessandro M.
- Cargill James S.
- Carlile Matthew
- Carvalho Sílvia F.
- Casey Anna
- Castigador Anibolina
- Catalan Jana
- Chalker Vicki
- Chaloner Nicola J.
- Chand Meera
- Chappell Joseph G.
- Charalampous Themoula
- Chatterton Wendy
- Chaudhry Yasmin
- Churcher Carol M.
- Clark Gemma
- Clarke Phillip
- Cogger Benjamin J.
- Cole Kevin
- Collins Jennifer
- Colquhoun Rachel
- Connor Thomas R.
- Cook Kate F.
- Coombes Jason
- Corden Sally
- Cormie Claire
- Cortes Nicholas
- Cotic Marius
- Cotton S.
- Cotton Seb
- Cottrell Simon
- Coupland Lindsay
- Cox Alison
- Cox MacGregor
- Craine Noel
- Crawford Liam
- Cross Aidan
- Crown Matthew R.
- Crudgington Dorian
- Cumley Nicola
- Curran Martin D.
- Curran Tanya
- Cutino-Moguel Teresa
- da Silva Filipe Ana
- Dabrer Gavin
- Darby Alistair C.
- Davidson Rose K.
- Davies Alisha
- Davies Robert M.
- Davis Thomas
- de Angelis Daniela
- De Lacy Elen
- de Oliveira Martins Leonardo
- de Silva Thushan I.
- Debebe Johnny
- Delgado Callico Laia
- Denton-Smith Rebecca
- Dervisevic Samir
- Dewar R.
- Dewar Rebecca
- Dey Jayasree
- Dias Joana
- Dobie Donald
- Dorman Matthew J.
- Downing Fatima
- Driscoll Megan
- du Plessis Louis
- Duckworth Nichola
- Durham Jillian
- Eastick Kirstine
- Easton Lisa J.
- Eccles Richard
- Edgeworth Jonathan
- Edwards Sue
- El Bouzidi Kate
- Eldirdiri Sahar
- Ellaby Nicholas
- Elliott Scott
- Eltringham Gary
- Ensell Leah
- Erkiert Michelle J.
- Essex Sarah
- Evans Cariad
- Evans Johnathan M.
- Everson William
- Fairley Derek J.
- Fallon Karlie
- Fanaie Arezou
- Farr Ben W.
- Fearn Christopher
- Feltwell Theresa
- Ferguson Lynne
- Fina Laia
- Flaviani Flavia
- Fleming Vicki M.
- Forrest Sally
- Foster-Nyarko Ebenezer
- Foulkes Benjamin H.
- Foulser Luke
- Fragakis Mireille
- Frampton Dan
- Francois Sarah
- Fraser Christophe
- Freeman Timothy M.
- Fryer Helen
- Fuchs Marc
- Fuller William
- Gajee Kavitha
- Galai Katerina
- Gallagher Abbie
- Gallagher Eileen
- Gallagher Michael D.
- Gallis Marta
- Gaskin Amy
- Gatica-Wilcox Bree
- Geidelberg Lily
- Gemmell Matthew
- Georgana Iliana
- George Ryan P.
- Gifford Laura
- Gilbert Lauren
- Girgis Sophia T.
- Glaysher Sharon
- Goldstein Emily J.
- Golubchik Tanya
- Gomes Andrea N.
- Gonçalves Sónia
- Goodwin Scott
- Goudarzi Salman
- Gourtovaia Marina
- Graham Clive
- Graham Lee
- Grant Paul R.
- Green Angie
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- Greenaway Jane
- Gregory Richard
- Guest Martyn
- Gunson Rory N.
- Gupta Ravi K.
- Gutierrez Bernardo
- Haas J.G.
- Haldenby Sam T.
- Hamilton William L.
- Hansford Samantha E.
- Haque Tanzina
- Harris Kathryn A.
- Harrison Ewan M.
- Harrison Ian
- Hart Jennifer
- Hartley John A.
- Harvey Matthew
- Harvey William T.
- Hassan-Ibrahim Mohammed O.
- Heaney Judith
- Helmer Thomas
- Henderson John H.
- Hesketh Andrew R.
- Hey Jessica
- Heyburn David
- Higginson Ellen E.
- Hill Jack D.
- Hill Verity
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- Holden Matthew TG.
- Hollis Amy
- Holmes Alison H.
- Holmes Christopher W.
- Holmes Nadine
- Hopes Richard
- Hornsby Hailey R.
- Hosmillo Myra
- Houlihan Catherine
- Howson-Wells Hannah C.
- Hsu Sharon N.
- Hubb Jonathan
- Huckson Hannah
- Hughes Joseph
- Hughes Margaret
- Hughes Warwick
- Hutchings Stephanie
- Idle Giles
- Illingworth Chris J.
- Impey Robert
- Irish-Tavares Dianne
- Iturriza-Gomara Miren
- Izuagbe Rhys
- Jackson Ben
- Jackson Chris
- Jackson David K.
- Jackson Kathryn A.
- Jackson Leigh M.
- Jahun Aminu S.
- James Keith
- James Victoria
- Jeanes Christopher
- Jeffries Aaron R.
- Jeremiah Sarah
- Jermy Andrew
- John Michaela
- Johnson Kate
- Johnson Rob
- Johnston Ian
- Jones Christopher R.
- Jones Hannah
- Jones Neil
- Jones Owen
- Jones Sophie
- Joseph Amelia
- Judges Sarah
- Kay Gemma L.
- Kay Sally
- Keatley Jon-Paul
- Keeley Alexander J.
- Kele Beatrix
- Kenyon Anita
- Kermack Leanne M.
- Khakh Manjinder
- Kidd Stephen P.
- Killough Nicholas F.
- Kimuli Maimuna
- Kirk Stuart
- Kitchen Christine
- Kitchman Katie
- Knight Bridget A.
- Koshy Cherian
- Kraemer Moritz UG.
- Kumziene-Summerhayes Sara
- Kwiatkowski Dominic
- Lackenby Angie
- Laing Kenneth G.
- Lampejo Temi
- Langford Cordelia F.
- Lavin Deborah
- Lawton Andrew I.
- Le-Viet Thanh
- Lee David
- Lee Jack CD.
- Lensing Stefanie V.
- Leonard Steven
- Levett Lisa J.
- Lewis Jonathan
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- Liddle Jennifier
- Liggett Steven
- Lillie Patrick J.
- Lindsey Benjamin B.
- Lister Michelle M.
- Livett Rich
- Lo Stephanie
- Loman Nicholas J.
- Loose Matthew W.
- Louka Stavroula F.
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- Lowdon Sarah
- Lowe Hannah
- Lowe Helen L.
- Lucaci Anita O.
- Ludden Catherine
- Lynch Jessica
- Lyons Ronan A.
- Machin Nicholas W.
- MacIntyre-Cockett George
- Mack Andrew
- Macklin Ben
- Maclean Alasdair
- Macnaughton Emily
- Madona Pinglawathee
- Maes Mailis
- Maftei Laurentiu
- Mahanama Adhyana IK.
- Mahungu Tabitha W.
- Mair Daniel
- Maksimovic Joshua
- Malone Cassandra S.
- Maloney Daniel
- Manesis Nikos
- Manley Robin
- Mantzouratou Anna
- Marchbank Angela
- Mariappan Arun
- Markov Anna
- Martincorena Inigo
- Martinez Nunez Rocio T.
- Mather Alison E.
- Maxwell Patrick
- Mayhew Megan
- Mbisa Tamyo
- McCann Clare M.
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- McHugh Martin P.
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- McKerr Caoimhe
- McManus Georgina M.
- McMurray Claire
- McMurray Claire L.
- McNal Alan
- Meadows Lizzie
- Medd Nathan
- Megram Oliver
- Menegazzo Mirko
- Merrick Ian
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- Mirfenderesky Mariyam
- Mirza Jeremy
- Miskelly Julia
- Moles-Garcia Emma
- Moll Robin J.
- Molnar Zoltan
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- Mookerjee Siddharth
- Moore Catherine
- Moore Christopher
- Moore Jonathan
- Moore Nathan
- Morcrette Helen
- Morgan Mari
- Morgan Sian
- Mori Matilde
- Morris Arthur
- Moses Samuel
- Mower Craig
- Muir Peter
- Mukaddas Afrida
- Munemo Florence
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- Murray Abigail
- Murray Darren R.
- Murray Leanne J.
- Mutingwende Manasa
- Myers Richard
- Nastouli Eleni
- Nebbia Gaia
- Nelson Andrew
- Nelson Charlotte
- Nicholls Sam
- Nichols Jenna
- Nicodemi Roberto
- Nomikou Kyriaki
- O'Brien Sarah
- O'Grady Justin
- O'Toole Áine
- Odedra Mina
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- Oliver Karen
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- Osman Husam
- Pacchiarini Nicole
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- Page Andrew J.
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- Park Naomi R.
- Parker Matthew D.
- Parmar Surendra
- Partridge David G.
- Pascall David
- Patel Amita
- Patel Bindi
- Paterson Steve
- Payne Brendan AI.
- Peacock Sharon J.
- Pearson Clare
- Pelosi Emanuela
- Percival Benita
- Perkins Jon
- Perry Malorie
- Pinckert Malte L.
- Platt Steven
- Podplomyk FD Olga
- Pohare Manoj
- Pond Marcus
- Pope Cassie F.
- Poplawski Radoslaw
- Powell Jessica
- Poyner Jennifer
- Prestwood Liam
- Price Anna
- Price James R.
- Prieto Jacqui A.
- Pritch David T.
- Prosolek Sophie J.
- Pugh Georgia
- Pusok Monika
- Pybus Oliver G.
- Pymont Hannah M.
- Quail Michael A.
- Quick Joshua
- Radulescu Clara
- Raghwani Jayna
- Ragonnet-Cronin Manon
- Rainbow Lucille
- Rajan Diana
- Rajatileka Shavanthi
- Ramadan Newara A.
- Rambaut Andrew
- Ramble John
- Randell Paul
- Randell Paul A.
- Ratcliffe Liz
- Raviprakash Veena
- Raza Mohammad
- Redshaw Nicholas M.
- Rey Sara
- Reynolds Nicola
- Richter Alex
- Robertson David L.
- Robinson Esther
- Robson Samuel C.
- Rogan Fiona
- Rooke Stefan
- Rowe Will
- Roy Sunando
- Rudder Steven
- Ruis Chris
- Rushton Steven
- Saeed Kordo
- Samaraweera Buddhini
- Sambles Christine M.
- Sanderson Roy
- Sanderson Theo
- Sang Fei
- Sass Thea
- Scher Emily
- Scott Carol
- Scott Garren
- Sehmi Jasveen
- Shaaban Sharif
- Shah Divya
- Shaw Jessica
- Shelest Ekaterina
- Shepherd James G.
- Sheridan Liz A.
- Sheriff Nicola
- Shirley Lesley
- Sillitoe John
- Silviera Siona
- Simpson David A.
- Singh Aditi
- Singleton Dawn
- Skvortsov Timofey
- Sloan Tim J.
- Sluga Graciela
- Smith Colin P.
- Smith Darren L.
- Smith Ken
- Smith Kim S.
- Smith Louise
- Smith Nikki
- Smith Perminder
- Smollett Katherine L.
- Snell Luke B.
- Somassa Thomas
- Southgate Joel
- Spellman Karla
- Spencer Chapman Michael H.
- Spurgin Lewis G.
- Spyer Moira J.
- Stanley Rachael
- Stanley William
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- Starinskij Igor
- Stockton Joanne
- Stonehouse Susanne
- Storey Nathaniel
- Studholme David J.
- Sudhanva Malur
- Swindells Emma
- Taha Yusri
- Tan Ngee Keong
- Tang Julian W.
- Tang Miao
- Taylor Ben EW.
- Taylor Joshua F.
- Taylor Sarah
- Temperton Ben
- Templeton K.
- Templeton Kate E.
- Thomas Claire
- Thomas-McEwen Peter MD.
- Thomson Emma C.
- Thomson Laura
- Thornton Alicia
- Thurston Scott AJ.
- Todd John A.
- Tomb Rachael
- Tong Lily
- Tonkin-Hill Gerry
- Tovar-Corona Jaime M.
- Trebes Amy
- Trotter Alexander J.
- Tsatsani Ioulia
- Turnbull Robyn
- Twohig Katherine A.
- Umpleby Helen
- Underwood Anthony P.
- Vamos Edith E.
- Vasylyeva Tetyana I.
- Vattipally Sreenu
- Vernet Gabrielle
- Vipond Barry B.
- Volz Erik M.
- Walsh Sarah
- Wang Dennis
- Warne Ben
- Warwick-Dugdale Joanna
- Wastnedge Elizabeth
- Watkins Joanne
- Watson DipHE Louisa K.
- Waugh Sheila
- Webster Hermione J.
- Weldon Danni
- Westwick Elaine
- Whalley Thomas
- Wheeler Helen
- Whitehead Mark
- Whiteley Max
- Whitwham Andrew
- Wierzbicki Claudia
- Willford Nicholas J.
- Williams Catryn
- Williams Charlotte A.
- Williams Cheryl
- Williams Chris
- Williams Lesley-Anne
- Williams Rachel J.
- Williams Rebecca
- Williams Thomas
- Williamson Kathleen A.
- Wilson-Davies Eleri
- Witele Eric
- Withell Karen T.
- Witney Adam A.
- Wolverson Paige
- Wong Nick
- Workma Trudy
- Wright Derek W.
- Wright Victoria
- Wyatt Tim
- Wyllie Sarah
- Xu-McCrae Li
- Yavus Mehmet
- Yaze Geraldine
- Yeats Corin A.
- Yebra Gonzalo
- Yew Wen C.
- Young Gregory R.
- Young Jamie
- Zarebski Alex E.
- Zhang Peijun
- Publication venue
- 'Elsevier BV'
- Publication date
- 09/03/2023
- Field of study
Background
The first epidemic wave of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) in Scotland resulted in high case numbers and mortality in care homes. In Lothian, over one-third of care homes reported an outbreak, while there was limited testing of hospital patients discharged to care homes.
Aim
To investigate patients discharged from hospitals as a source of SARS-CoV-2 introduction into care homes during the first epidemic wave.
Methods
A clinical review was performed for all patients discharges from hospitals to care homes from 1st March 2020 to 31st May 2020. Episodes were ruled out based on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) test history, clinical assessment at discharge, whole-genome sequencing (WGS) data and an infectious period of 14 days. Clinical samples were processed for WGS, and consensus genomes generated were used for analysis using Cluster Investigation and Virus Epidemiological Tool software. Patient timelines were obtained using electronic hospital records.
Findings
In total, 787 patients discharged from hospitals to care homes were identified. Of these, 776 (99%) were ruled out for subsequent introduction of SARS-CoV-2 into care homes. However, for 10 episodes, the results were inconclusive as there was low genomic diversity in consensus genomes or no sequencing data were available. Only one discharge episode had a genomic, time and location link to positive cases during hospital admission, leading to 10 positive cases in their care home.
Conclusion
The majority of patients discharged from hospitals were ruled out for introduction of SARS-CoV-2 into care homes, highlighting the importance of screening all new admissions when faced with a novel emerging virus and no available vaccine
SARS-CoV-2 Omicron is an immune escape variant with an altered cell entry pathway
- Author
- Aanensen David M.
- Abraham Priyanka
- Abudahab Khalil
- Adams Alexander
- Adams Helen
- Adele Sandra
- Afifi Safiah
- Aggarwal Dinesh
- Ahmad Shazaad S. Y.
- Aigrain Louise
- Alcolea-Medina Adela
- Alikhan Nabil-Fareed
- Allara Elias
- Amato Roberto
- Angyal Adrienn
- Annett Tara
- Ansari M. Azim
- Aplin Stephen
- Ariani Cristina V.
- Asad Hibo
- Asamaphan Patawee
- Ash Amy
- Ashfield Paula
- Ashford Fiona
- Ashraf Shirin
- Atkinson Laura
- Attwood Stephen W.
- Auckland Cressida
- Austin James
- Aydin Alp
- Baker David J.
- Baker Paul
- Balcazar Carlos E.
- Ball Jonathan
- Barnes Eleanor
- Barrett Jeffrey C.
- Barrow Magdalena
- Barton Edward
- Bashton Matthew
- Bassett Andrew R.
- Batra Rahul
- Baxter Chris
- Bayzid Nadua
- Beaver Charlotte
- Beckett Angela H.
- Beckwith Shaun M.
- Bedford Luke
- Beer Robert
- Beggs Andrew
- Bellis Katherine L.
- Berry Louise
- Bertolusso Beatrice
- Best Angus
- Betteridge Emma
- Bibby David
- Bicknell Kelly
- Binns Debbie
- Birchley Alec
- Bird Paul W.
- Bishop Chloe
- Blacow Rachel
- Blakey Victoria
- Blane Beth
- Bolt Frances
- Bonfield James
- Bonner Stephen
- Bonsall David
- Boswell Tim
- Bosworth Andrew
- Bourgeois Yann
- Bouzidi Kate El
- Boyd Olivia
- Bradley Declan T.
- Breen Cassie
- Bresner Catherine
- Breuer Judith
- Bridgett Stephen
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- Bull Matthew
- Burns Phillipa J.
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- da Silva Filipe Ana
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- de Angelis Daniela
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- Debebe Johnny
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- Denton-Smith Rebecca
- Dervisevic Samir
- Dewar Rebecca
- Dey Jayasree
- Dias Joana
- Dobie Donald
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- Downing Fatima
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- Edgeworth Jonathan
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- Feltwell Theresa
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- Foster-Nyarko Ebenezer
- Foulkes Benjamin H.
- Foulser Luke
- Fragakis Mireille
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- Freeman Timothy M.
- Fryer Helen
- Fuchs Marc
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- Furnon Wilhelm
- Gajee Kavitha
- Galai Katerina
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- Gallagher Eileen
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- Gaskin Amy
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- Hubb Jonathan
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- Hughes Joseph
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- Hughes Warwick
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- Idle Giles
- Illingworth Chris J.
- Impey Robert
- Irish-Tavares Dianne
- Iturriza-Gomara Miren
- Izuagbe Rhys
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- Kermack Leanne M.
- Khakh Manjinder
- Kidd Stephen P.
- Killough Nicholas F.
- Kimuli Maimuna
- Kirk Stuart
- Kitchen Christine
- Kitchman Katie
- Klenerman Paul
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- Knight Bridget A.
- Koshy Cherian
- Kraemer Moritz U. G.
- Kronsteiner Barbara
- Kumziene-Summerhayes Sara
- Kwiatkowski Dominic
- Lackenby Angie
- Laing Kenneth G.
- Lampejo Temi
- Langford Cordelia F.
- Lavin Deborah
- Lawton Andrew I.
- Le-Viet Thanh
- Lee David
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- Leonard Steven
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- Lewis Jonathan
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- Machin Nicholas W.
- MacIntyre-Cockett George
- Mack Andrew
- Macklin Ben
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- Madona Pinglawathee
- Maes Mailis
- Maftei Laurentiu
- Mahanama Adhyana I. K.
- Mahungu Tabitha W.
- Mair Daniel
- Maksimovic Joshua
- Malone Cassandra S.
- Maloney Daniel
- Manali Maria
- Manesis Nikos
- Manley Robin
- Mantzouratou Anna
- Marchbank Angela
- Mariappan Arun
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- Mirza Jeremy
- Miskelly Julia
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- Mookerjee Siddharth
- Moore Catherine
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- Moore Jonathan
- Moore Nathan
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- Morcrette Helen
- Morgan Mari
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- Mutingwende Manasa
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- Nebbia Gaia
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- Nomikou Kyriaki
- O?Brien Sarah
- O?Grady Justin
- O?Toole Áine
- Odedra Mina
- Ohemeng-Kumi Natasha
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- Percival Benita
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- Pinckert Malte L.
- Pinto Rute Maria
- Platt Steven
- Podplomyk Olga
- Pohare Manoj
- Pond Marcus
- Pope Cassie F.
- Poplawski Radoslaw
- Powell Jessica
- Poyner Jennifer
- Prestwood Liam
- Price Anna
- Price James R.
- Prieto Jacqui A.
- Pritchard David T.
- Prosolek Sophie J.
- Pugh Georgia
- Pusok Monika
- Puxty Kathryn
- Pybus Oliver G.
- Pymont Hannah M.
- Quail Michael A.
- Quick Joshua
- Radulescu Clara
- Raghwani Jayna
- Ragonnet-Cronin Manon
- Rainbow Lucille
- Rajan Diana
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- Ramadan Newara A.
- Rambaut Andrew
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- Randell Paul
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- Raviprakash Veena
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- Rogan Fiona
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- Sambles Christine M.
- Sanderson Roy
- Sanderson Theo
- Sang Fei
- Sass Thea
- Scher Emily
- Scott Carol
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- Sehmi Jasveen
- Shaaban Sharif
- Shaaban Sharif
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- Sheriff Nicola
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- Twohig Katherine A.
- Umpleby Helen
- Underwood Anthony P.
- Vamos Edith E.
- Vasylyeva Tetyana I.
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- Vernet Gabrielle
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- Volz Erik M.
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- Warne Ben
- Warwick-Dugdale Joanna
- Wastnedge Elizabeth
- Watkins Joanne
- Watson Louisa K.
- Waugh Sheila
- Webster Hermione J.
- Weldon Danni
- Westwick Elaine
- Whalley Thomas
- Wheeler Helen
- Whitehead Mark
- Whiteley Max
- Whitwham Andrew
- Wierzbicki Claudia
- Wilkie Craig
- Willett Brian J.
- Willford Nicholas J.
- Williams Catryn
- Williams Charlotte A.
- Williams Cheryl
- Williams Chris
- Williams Lesley-Anne
- Williams Rachel J.
- Williams Rebecca
- Williams Thomas
- Williamson Kathleen A.
- Wilson-Davies Eleri
- Witele Eric
- Withell Karen T.
- Witney Adam A.
- Wolverson Paige
- Wong Nick
- Workman Trudy
- Wright Derek W.
- Wright Victoria
- Wyatt Tim
- Wyllie Sarah
- Xu-McCrae Li
- Yavus Mehmet
- Yaze Geraldine
- Yeats Corin A.
- Yebra Gonzalo
- Yebra Gonzalo
- Yew Wen C.
- Young Gregory R.
- Young Jamie
- Zarebski Alex E.
- Zhang Peijun
- Publication venue
- 'Springer Science and Business Media LLC'
- Publication date
- 31/08/2022
- Field of study
Vaccines based on the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 are a cornerstone of the public health response to COVID-19. The emergence of hypermutated, increasingly transmissible variants of concern (VOCs) threaten this strategy. Omicron (B.1.1.529), the fifth VOC to be described, harbours multiple amino acid mutations in spike, half of which lie within the receptor-binding domain. Here we demonstrate substantial evasion of neutralization by Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 variants in vitro using sera from individuals vaccinated with ChAdOx1, BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273. These data were mirrored by a substantial reduction in real-world vaccine effectiveness that was partially restored by booster vaccination. The Omicron variants BA.1 and BA.2 did not induce cell syncytia in vitro and favoured a TMPRSS2-independent endosomal entry pathway, these phenotypes mapping to distinct regions of the spike protein. Impaired cell fusion was determined by the receptor-binding domain, while endosomal entry mapped to the S2 domain. Such marked changes in antigenicity and replicative biology may underlie the rapid global spread and altered pathogenicity of the Omicron variant
Multiorgan MRI findings after hospitalisation with COVID-19 in the UK (C-MORE): a prospective, multicentre, observational cohort study
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- Abel K
- Adamali H.
- Adeloye D
- Adeyemi Oluwaseun
- Adrego Rita
- Aguilar Jimenez Laura A.
- Ahmad Haider N
- Ahmad Shanaz
- Ahmed R
- Ahwireng Nyarko
- Ainsworth Mark
- Al-Sheklly B.
- Alamoudi Asma
- Alfaro-Almagro Fidel
- Ali Mariam
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- Allt Ann Marie
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- Altmann Danny
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- Atkin Paul
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- Aung H
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- Woods Janet
- Wootton Daniel G.
- Wormleighton J
- Worsley J.
- Wraith D
- Wrey Brown Caroline
- Wright C.
- Wright L
- Wright S.
- Wyles J.
- Wynter Inez
- Xie Cheng
- Xu M
- Yasmin Najira
- Yasmin S
- Yates Tom
- Yip K P
- Young A.
- Young B.
- Young Susan
- Yousuf A J
- Zawia Amira
- Zeidan Lisa
- Zhao Bang
- Zheng Bang
- Zongo O.
- Publication venue
- Elsevier
- Publication date
- 22/09/2023
- Field of study
Introduction:
The multiorgan impact of moderate to severe coronavirus infections in the post-acute phase is still poorly understood. We aimed to evaluate the excess burden of multiorgan abnormalities after hospitalisation with COVID-19, evaluate their determinants, and explore associations with patient-related outcome measures.
Methods:
In a prospective, UK-wide, multicentre MRI follow-up study (C-MORE), adults (aged ≥18 years) discharged from hospital following COVID-19 who were included in Tier 2 of the Post-hospitalisation COVID-19 study (PHOSP-COVID) and contemporary controls with no evidence of previous COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid antibody negative) underwent multiorgan MRI (lungs, heart, brain, liver, and kidneys) with quantitative and qualitative assessment of images and clinical adjudication when relevant. Individuals with end-stage renal failure or contraindications to MRI were excluded. Participants also underwent detailed recording of symptoms, and physiological and biochemical tests. The primary outcome was the excess burden of multiorgan abnormalities (two or more organs) relative to controls, with further adjustments for potential confounders. The C-MORE study is ongoing and is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04510025.
Findings:
Of 2710 participants in Tier 2 of PHOSP-COVID, 531 were recruited across 13 UK-wide C-MORE sites. After exclusions, 259 C-MORE patients (mean age 57 years [SD 12]; 158 [61%] male and 101 [39%] female) who were discharged from hospital with PCR-confirmed or clinically diagnosed COVID-19 between March 1, 2020, and Nov 1, 2021, and 52 non-COVID-19 controls from the community (mean age 49 years [SD 14]; 30 [58%] male and 22 [42%] female) were included in the analysis. Patients were assessed at a median of 5·0 months (IQR 4·2–6·3) after hospital discharge. Compared with non-COVID-19 controls, patients were older, living with more obesity, and had more comorbidities. Multiorgan abnormalities on MRI were more frequent in patients than in controls (157 [61%] of 259 vs 14 [27%] of 52; p<0·0001) and independently associated with COVID-19 status (odds ratio [OR] 2·9 [95% CI 1·5–5·8]; padjusted=0·0023) after adjusting for relevant confounders. Compared with controls, patients were more likely to have MRI evidence of lung abnormalities (p=0·0001; parenchymal abnormalities), brain abnormalities (p<0·0001; more white matter hyperintensities and regional brain volume reduction), and kidney abnormalities (p=0·014; lower medullary T1 and loss of corticomedullary differentiation), whereas cardiac and liver MRI abnormalities were similar between patients and controls. Patients with multiorgan abnormalities were older (difference in mean age 7 years [95% CI 4–10]; mean age of 59·8 years [SD 11·7] with multiorgan abnormalities vs mean age of 52·8 years [11·9] without multiorgan abnormalities; p<0·0001), more likely to have three or more comorbidities (OR 2·47 [1·32–4·82]; padjusted=0·0059), and more likely to have a more severe acute infection (acute CRP >5mg/L, OR 3·55 [1·23–11·88]; padjusted=0·025) than those without multiorgan abnormalities. Presence of lung MRI abnormalities was associated with a two-fold higher risk of chest tightness, and multiorgan MRI abnormalities were associated with severe and very severe persistent physical and mental health impairment (PHOSP-COVID symptom clusters) after hospitalisation.
Interpretation:
After hospitalisation for COVID-19, people are at risk of multiorgan abnormalities in the medium term. Our findings emphasise the need for proactive multidisciplinary care pathways, with the potential for imaging to guide surveillance frequency and therapeutic stratification
Genomic investigations of unexplained acute hepatitis in children
- Author
- Abdulla Amina
- Aebi Christoph
- Agbeko Rachel
- Aggelos Pefanis
- Agranoff Dan
- Agwuh Ken
- Agyeman Philipp
- Alba-Alejandre Irene
- Ali Ladan
- Alkema Wynand
- Allen Karen
- Alrabiah Dimah K.
- Amatya Puja
- Anderson Glenn
- Anderson Suzanne
- Andrade Catarina
- Andreani Julien
- Anpananthar Amutha
- Ansari Imran
- Antinao Diaz Juan F.
- Arif Tasnim
- Armstrong Diane
- Armstrong Jane A.
- Armstrong Lawrence
- Asgarian Zeinab
- Atkinson Laura
- Avcin Tadej
- Avramoska Tanja
- Baas Bryan
- Bahovec Natalija
- Baillie Kenneth
- Balode Anda
- Bamford Alasdair
- Barendregt A. M.
- Barral-Arca Ruth
- Barzdina Arta
- Barzdina Elza
- Basmaci Romain
- Bath David
- Bauchinger Sebastian
- Baumard Lucas
- Baumgart Hinrich
- Baxter Frances
- Bayzid Nadua
- Beer Sally
- Bell Ashley
- Bell Claire
- Bell Kathryn
- Bellini Arianna
- Bello Xabier
- Bellos Evangelos
- Benesch Martin
- Benesch Martin
- Bennet Joshua
- Berger Christoph
- Bernhard-Stirnemann Sara
- Beudeker Coco R.
- Beveridge Laura
- Bibi Sagida
- Bidlingmaier Christoph
- Biesbroek Giske
- Bijukchhe Sanjeev Man
- Billing Kyle
- Binder Alexander
- Binder Vera
- Birt Mark
- Bogovic Petra
- Bohmova Kristyna
- Bojang Kalifa
- Bont Louis J.
- Borensztajn Dorine M.
- Bories Pauline
- Branch Nicole
- Brengel-Pesce Karen
- Breuer Judith
- Broderick Claire
- Brotherton Helen
- Brown Julianne R.
- Brown Rachel
- Buddle Sarah
- Burling Sara
- Buschbeck Judith
- Cabello Laura
- Calle Irene Rivero
- Calvo-Bado Leo
- Campos Luis
- Candlish Janie
- Capozzi Lisa
- Carnota Sandra
- Caro Ivan
- Carrol Enitan D.
- Carson Gail
- Carter Michael
- Carter Michael J.
- Castellano Sergi
- Castro Maria Barreiro
- Cebey-López Miriam
- Ceesay Samba
- Celma Cristina
- Ceolotto Astrid
- Chan Adora
- Chand Meera
- Channon-Wells Samuel
- Charalambos Gogos
- Chikowore Primrose
- Chiurchiù Sara
- Chukkambotla Srikanth
- Chériaux Laura
- Clark Richard
- Clohisey Sara
- Cocklin Elizabeth
- Cohen Jonathan
- Cohen Laure
- Collings Kalvin
- Collins Emma
- Connon Maggie
- Cooray Samantha
- Cotillon Marie
- Counsell John R.
- Coutts Audrey
- Cresswell Fiona
- Crulley Stephen
- Cunnington Aubrey
- Curras-Tuala María José
- Czap Agata
- D'alessandro Umberto
- D?Souza Giselle
- Dall Anna
- Danekova Nevena
- Danhauser Katharina
- Darboe Saffiatou
- Darnell Sarah
- Daubney Esther
- Davis Francesca
- Davoust Juraté
- Dawson Joy
- de Groc Thibault
- de Groot Ronald
- de Haan L.
- de Jonge Marien I.
- de Silva Thushan
- de Tugny Alice
- de Vries Gabriella
- De Surjo
- De Tisham
- Deep Akash
- Deheragoda Maesha
- Deksne D?rta
- Devine Kirsty
- Dewez Juan Emmanuel
- Dewez Manuel
- Diaba Cynthia
- Dickinson Holly
- Dik W.
- Donelly Lorna
- Donohue Chloe
- Dorward David
- Drysdale Simon B.
- Dudley Julia
- Dunning Jake
- DuRand Ingrid
- Eber Ernst
- Eisen Sarah
- Eleftheriou Irini
- Ellis Donna
- Elorrieta Leire Estramiana
- Emonts Marieke
- Ensom Ruth
- Epalza Cristina
- Estrada-Rivadeneyra Diego
- Evans Benjamin
- Fabian Daniel
- Farmer Sarah
- Farto Cristina Balo
- Faust Saul
- Fawkes Angie
- Ferguson Susie
- Fernández Sonia Serén
- Feuchtinger Tobias
- Fidler Katy
- Fink Colin
- Finlayson Lauren
- Fish Matthew
- Fitchett Elizabeth
- Fletcher Tom
- Floyd Sharon
- Fullerton Duncan
- Galassini Rachel
- Gallagher Eileen
- Gallistl Siegfried
- Gannon Louise
- García Mirian Ben
- Gardiner Emma
- Garg Sanjeev
- Geissler J.
- Georgiou Pantelis
- Gerrits G. P. J. M.
- Giannoni Eric
- Gijón Manuel
- Gilchrist Tammy
- Gissen Paul
- Giuseppe Martina Di
- Gloerich Jolein
- Goetschalckx Ines
- Gonzalez Suam
- González Fernando Álvez
- Gores Gunther
- Gormley Stuart
- Graham Clive
- Grammatikopoulos Tassos
- Gravele Dagne
- Griese Matthias
- Grope Ilze
- Gruppen Mariken
- Guerra-Assunção José Afonso
- Gunson Rory
- Gurung Meeru
- Gutiérrez Lourdes
- Gómez-Carballa Alberto
- Haas Nikolaus
- Habgood-Coote Dominic
- Hadzic Nedim
- Hafezi Katarzyna
- Hagedoorn Nienke N.
- Haidl Harald
- Hamilton Shea
- Hamzah Lisa
- Hanlon Killian S.
- Hanson Anita
- Hardwick Hayley
- Harper Rosemary
- Hartshorn Stuart
- Hatcher James
- Hauer Almuthe
- Heidema J.
- Heightman Melissa
- Heininger Ulrich
- Henderson Paul
- Henriet Stefanie
- Herberg Jethro
- Hernández Irene
- Hibberd Martin
- Hickey Naomy
- Ho Antonia Y. W.
- Hodgson Luke
- Hoffmann Florian
- Hoggart Clive
- Holden Jennifer
- Holden Matt
- Hope Susan
- Hopton Sarah
- Hoschler Katja
- Houlihan Catherine
- Hourmat Sara
- Howman Ruth
- Hude Christa
- Huijnen Martijn
- Hutchinson J. Ciaran
- Hösele Susanne
- Iglesias Marisol Vilas
- Iglesias Pilar Leboráns
- Ijaz Samreen
- Ioanna Stergiou
- Irving Clare
- Isaacs John
- Jackson Heather
- Jacques Thomas S.
- Jansen Machiel H.
- Jarman Heather
- Jennings Aislinn
- Jennings Paul
- Jennings Rebecca
- Johnston Joanne
- Jones Amaryl
- Jongerius Ilse
- Jorgensen Rikke
- Juranek Sabrina
- Kaforou Mysini
- Kahlert Christian
- Kandasamy Rama
- Kapper Andreas
- Kappler Matthias
- Karolina Akinosoglou
- Kaufer Benedikt B.
- Kavanagh James
- Keil Julia
- Keldorfer Markus
- Kelgeri Chayarani
- Kelly Dominic F.
- Kelly Sarah
- Kenny Julia
- Khalid Nosheen
- Khanijau Aakash
- Khoo Say
- Kim Eunjung
- King Sharon
- Kishore Shyla
- Kitanovski Lidija
- Kloosterhuis Lieke
- Kohlfürst Daniela S.
- Kohlmaier Benno
- Kolberg Laura
- Kolnik Mojca
- Koshy George
- Krenn Larissa
- Kuijpers Taco
- Kuijpers Taco
- Lachaume Noémie
- Laivacuma Sniedze
- Laivacuma Sniedze
- Law Andrew
- Le Sébastien
- Lee Jack C. D.
- Leigh Simon
- Leiner Tamas
- Leitch Karen
- Leitner Manuel
- Lenihan Rebecca
- Lennon Alexander
- Lett Lauren
- Leurent Baptiste
- Levin Michael
- Lewis-Burke Nadia
- Liebeschuetz Susan
- Lim Emma
- Limb James
- Lin Naomi
- Linforth Michelle
- Little Jeff
- Liu Ching-Chuan
- Logan Sheena
- Lubinda Tim
- Luca Maia De
- Lurz Eberhard
- Löffler Sabine
- MacFarlane Susan
- MacGillivray Louise
- Machín Fátima
- Mackerness Christine
- Maclean Alan
- Maconochie Ian
- Macpherson Hannah
- Madelane Monta
- Maier Esther
- Malcolm Ivone Lancoma
- Mallet François
- Mandal Sema
- Manzanares Ángela
- Manzano Jesus-Rodriguez
- Maritsi Despoina
- Marjaneh Mahdi Moradi
- Markos Maragos
- Marmarinos Antonios
- Marmarinos Antonis
- Martin Bernal Luz Marina
- Martin Alex
- Martin Darran
- Martin Joanne
- Martin Mike
- Martinón-Torres Federico
- Martinón-Torres Nazareth
- Matovu Elijah
- Matthews Peter
- McAlinden Paul
- McArdle Andrew
- McCafferty Sarah
- McDonald Sam
- McDonald Sarah E.
- McDonnell Anne
- McGenily Laura
- McGill Fiona
- McKay Sarah
- Meiere Anija
- Meierford Anne
- Menikou Stephanie
- Merson Laura
- Michalis Voulgarelis
- Miedema C. J.
- Millar Margaret
- Miller Caroline
- Miller Danielle
- Milligan Barry
- Mills Sarah
- Miners Alec
- Mistry Ravi
- Mita Andrew
- Moll Henriëtte A.
- Mommert Marine
- Mommert-Tripon Marine
- Mondo Diana
- Montgomery Kylie-Ann
- Moore Catherine
- Moots Robert
- Moradi Marjaneh Mahdi
- Morfopoulou Sofia
- Morrice John
- Morrice Kirstie
- Morris Craig
- Moser Nicolas
- Muench Georg
- Murdoch David R.
- Murphy Lee
- Mustafa Sobia
- Márquez Sonia
- Nagelkerke Sietse
- Nahtigal Mirijam
- Nasher Magda
- Natalucci Giancarlo
- Neeleman C.
- Neill Claire
- Neshat Samira
- Newal Karen
- Newall Karen
- Ng Joanne
- Nichols Samuel
- Niederer-Loher Anita
- Niedrist Tobias
- Nijman Ruud
- Nijman Ruud
- Nokalna Ieva
- Nordberg Gudrun
- Norris Lucy
- Noursadeghi Mahdad
- Nyirenda Maggie
- O'Connor Daniel
- O?Reilly Peter
- O?Riordan Sean
- Obihara C. C.
- Obosi Lauren
- Odam Miranda
- Oliver Zoe
- Ong Kim-Thanh
- Oosthoek Wilma
- Oosthuyzen Wilna
- Openshaw Peter J. M.
- Ora Miguel Sadiki
- Osterman Veronika
- Owen Dan
- Pachot Alexandre
- Pajkrt D.
- Pajkrt Dasja
- Palmarini Massimo
- Panagiota Lourida
- Papst Lea
- Pardo-Seco Jacobo
- Patel Harsita
- Pathan Nazima
- Paulus Stéphane
- Paulus Stéphane
- Paulus Stéphane C.
- Pavare Jana
- Paz Ivonne Pena
- Pennisi Ivana
- Persand Salina
- Peters Mark
- Pfleger Andreas
- Pfurtscheller Klaus
- Philipsen Ria
- Pickering Ailsa
- Pierce Benjamin
- Pilch Heidemarie
- Pischedda Sara
- Player Jasmine
- Pokhrel Bhishma
- Pokorn Marko
- Pokorn Marko
- Pollara Gabriele
- Pollard Andrew J.
- Pollock Louisa
- Posfay-Barbe Klara M.
- Powell Natassia
- Powell Oliver
- Price Ashley
- Price David
- Price Nicholas
- Prunk Petra
- Pucuka Zanda
- Pérez Belén Mosquera
- Pölz Lena
- Rajic Glorija
- Rampling Tommy
- Ramsay Maxine
- Rashid Aqeela
- Redondo-Collazo Lorenzo
- Reich Jana
- Reid Ruth
- Reiter Karl
- Relly Christa
- Reschreiter Henrik
- Reynolds Tim
- Rhodes Mathew
- Rial Jose Gómez
- Richmond Vivien
- Riddell Anna
- Riedel Thomas
- Robbins Ceri
- Rodríguez Lidia Piñeiro
- Rodríguez-Tenreiro Carmen
- Roff Amy
- Rojo Pablo
- Romaine Sam
- Romani Lorenza
- Roome Tara
- Rosenheim Joshua
- Rowlands Emily
- Roy Sunando
- Rubick Lucy
- Rudzate Aleksandra
- Rughnani Prita
- Russell Clark D.
- Rusu Alexandra
- Rödl Siegfried
- Sagmeister Manfred G.
- Saidykhan Momodou
- Salas Antonio
- Santilli Giorgia
- Sarr Anna RocaIsatou
- Schlapbach Luregn
- Schlapbach Luregn J.
- Schlüchter Stefanie
- Schmied Patricia
- Schoen Carola
- Scholefield Barnaby J.
- Schonenberg D.
- Schonenberg Dieneke
- Schranz Rachel
- Schroepf Sebastian
- Schweintzger Nina A.
- Schöbi Nina
- Seal Matthew
- Secka Fatou
- Segal Terry
- Selecka Katrina
- Semple Malcolm Gracie
- Shackley Fiona
- Shah Priyen
- Shaji Mariya
- Shankar-Hari
- Shaw Victoria
- Shen Ching-Fen
- Shenton Geoff
- Shepherd Samantha J.
- Shrestha Shrijana
- Siam Ala?a
- Sidorova Aleksandra
- Simagan Teresa
- Simmonds Peter
- Simmons Ruth
- Skrabl-Baumgartner Andrea
- Solomon Tom
- Spencer Collette
- Sperl Matthias
- Sprenkeler Evelien
- Spyridis Nikos
- Srovin Tina Plankar
- Srpcic Anja
- Stampfer Laura
- Steele Michael
- Stevens Jake
- Stevens Molly
- Stocker Martin
- Stoiser Bianca
- Stoldere Diana
- Storey Nathaniel
- Strempfl Martina
- Strenger Volker
- Strijbosch Annelieke M.
- Strle Franc
- Suárez Carlos Durán
- Svile Dace
- Swingler Rachel
- Syggelou Kelly
- Sánchez José María Martinón
- Sée Hélène
- Tait Sarah
- Talts Tiina
- Tambouratzi Maria
- Tan Chantal
- Tappouni Luke J.
- Tauchert Maike K.
- Tavliavini Emma
- Tayler Rachel
- Tedder Richard S.
- Tempel Dennie
- Templeton Kate
- Thalassinos Konstantinos
- Thomas Daisy
- Thomson Emma
- Thomson Evelyn
- Thorson Stephen
- Tibby Shane
- Till Holger
- Tissing Wim J. E.
- Tkhayat Raja Ben
- Torres Montaguth Oscar Enrique
- Tramper-Stranders G. A.
- Trasorras Cristina Serén
- Treloar Owen
- Trobisch Andreas
- Tsolia Maria
- Turtle Lance C. W.
- Tutill Helena
- Urbane Urzula Nora
- Ushiro-Lumb Ines
- Usman Mariama
- Usuf Effua
- Valentine Lucille
- van Aerde Koen
- van de Kuip Martijn
- van den Berg J. M.
- van den Berg Merlijn
- van den Broek Bryan
- van der Flier Michiel
- van der Flier Michiel
- van der Giessen Ilona
- van der Kuip M.
- van der Velden Fabian
- van der Velden Fabian J. S.
- van der Zee Carlijn
- van Furth A. M.
- van Furth Marceline
- van Gool Alain J.
- van Hensbroek Michael Boele
- van Keulen Danielle
- van Leur M.
- van Mierlo G.
- Vastert Sebastiaan J.
- Venturini Cristina
- Vergnault Nathalie
- Verkuil Floris
- Vermont Clementien L.
- Vicente Luisa García
- Vijlbrief Daniel C.
- Villaverde Serena
- Vincek Katarina
- Vito Ortensia
- Voice Marie
- von Both Ulrich
- Vázquez Sara Rey
- Waddington Simon N.
- Wallia Diane
- Wallner Elmar
- Wang Shih-Min
- Ward Bryony
- Ward Catriona
- Watson Conall
- Weber Kathrin
- Wedderburn Catherine
- Wellings Lucy
- Wellman Paul
- Wham Murray
- White Deborah
- White Marie
- Whittaker Elizabeth
- Whittaker Paul
- Whittaker Thomas E.
- Willems Esther
- Williams Charlotte A.
- Williams Rachel
- Wilson Barbara
- Wilson Clare
- Winmill Helen
- Wolfs Tom F. W.
- Womersley Rebecca
- Wood Amanda
- Woodsford Phil
- Wright Victoria
- Wrobel Nicola
- Wyss Verena
- Wösten-van Asperen Roelie M.
- Xagorari Marietta
- Yeung Shunmay
- Zachariasse Joany
- Zaman Syed M. A.
- Zambon Maria
- Zandstra Judith
- Zavadska Dace
- Zennezini Chiozzi Riccardo
- Zenz Werner
- Zimmermann Elisa
- Zurl Christoph
- Zwerenz Manuela
- Publication venue
- Nature Research
- Publication date
- 30/03/2023
- Field of study
Since its first identification in Scotland, over 1,000 cases of unexplained paediatric hepatitis in children have been reported worldwide, including 278 cases in the UK1. Here we report an investigation of 38 cases, 66 age-matched immunocompetent controls and 21 immunocompromised comparator participants, using a combination of genomic, transcriptomic, proteomic and immunohistochemical methods. We detected high levels of adeno-associated virus 2 (AAV2) DNA in the liver, blood, plasma or stool from 27 of 28 cases. We found low levels of adenovirus (HAdV) and human herpesvirus 6B (HHV-6B) in 23 of 31 and 16 of 23, respectively, of the cases tested. By contrast, AAV2 was infrequently detected and at low titre in the blood or the liver from control children with HAdV, even when profoundly immunosuppressed. AAV2, HAdV and HHV-6 phylogeny excluded the emergence of novel strains in cases. Histological analyses of explanted livers showed enrichment for T cells and B lineage cells. Proteomic comparison of liver tissue from cases and healthy controls identified increased expression of HLA class 2, immunoglobulin variable regions and complement proteins. HAdV and AAV2 proteins were not detected in the livers. Instead, we identified AAV2 DNA complexes reflecting both HAdV-mediated and HHV-6B-mediated replication. We hypothesize that high levels of abnormal AAV2 replication products aided by HAdV and, in severe cases, HHV-6B may have triggered immune-mediated hepatic disease in genetically and immunologically predisposed children
Observation of gravitational waves from the coalescence of a 2.5−4.5 M⊙ compact object and a neutron star
- Author
- Abac Adrian
- Abbott R.
- Abouelfettouh I.
- Acernese F.
- Ackley Kendall
- Adhicary S.
- Adhikari Naresh
- Adhikari Rana X.
- Adkins V. K.
- Afif Ismail M.
- Agarwal Deepali
- Agathos Michalis
- Aghaei Abchouyeh Maryam
- Aguiar Odylio D.
- Aguilar I.
- Aiello Lorenzo
- Ain Anirban
- Ajith Parameswaran
- Akcay Sarp
- Akseli Hannuksela Otto
- Akutsu Tomotada
- Al-Jodah Ammar
- Al-Shammari S.
- Albanesi Simone
- Alex iandolo Guido
- Alfaidi Reem Atallah E
- Allocca Annalisa
- Alléné C.
- Altin Paul
- Alvarez-Lopez Sofia
- Amato Alex
- Amez-Droz L.
- Amorosi A.
- Amra C.
- Ananyeva A.
- Anderson Stuart
- Anderson Warren G.
- Andia Manuel
- Ando M.
- Andrade T.
- Andrea Prodi Giovanni
- Andres Nicolas
- Andric Tomislav
- Andrés Vallejo Peña Sergio
- Andrés-Carcasona Marc
- Anglin J.
- Anne Bizouard Marie
- Ansoldi Stefano
- Antelis Javier M.
- Antier Sarah
- Antoni Ramis Vidal Felip
- Antonietta Palaia Maria
- Antonio Font Roda Jose
- Aoumi M.
- Appavuravther E. Z.
- Appert S.
- Apple S. K.
- Arai Koji
- Araya Akito
- Araya Melody
- Areeda Joseph
- Argianas L.
- Arif Shaikh Md
- Aritomi N.
- Armato Federico
- Arnaud Nicolas
- Arogeti Megan
- Aronson Scott
- Arun K. G.
- Ashton Gregory
- Aso Yoichi
- Assiduo M.
- Aston S. M.
- Astone Pia
- Attadio Francesca
- Aubin Florian
- AVALLONE Guerino
- Azrad D.
- Babak Stanislav
- Badaracco Francesca
- Badger C.
- Bae Sangwook
- Bagnasco Stefano
- Bagui E.
- Baier Jeremy
- Baiotti Luca
- Bajpai Rishabh
- Baka T.
- Ball M.
- Ballardin G.
- Ballmer S. W.
- Banagiri Sharan
- Banerjee Biswajit
- Bankar Deepak
- Baral Pratyusava
- Barayoga J. C.
- Barish B. C.
- Barker D.
- Barneo Pablo
- Barone Fabrizio
- Barr Bryan
- Barsotti Lisa
- Barsuglia Matteo
- Barta Dániel
- Bartoletti A. M.
- Barton Mark Andrew
- Bartos I.
- Basak Soummyadip
- Basalaev Artem
- Bassiri Riccardo
- Basti Andrea
- Bates D. E.
- Bawaj Mateusz
- Baxi P.
- Bayley Joseph
- Baylor Amanda
- Baynard II. P. A.
- Bazzan M.
- Bedakihale V. M.
- Beirnaert Freija
- Bejger Michał
- Belardinelli Daniele
- Bell Angus
- Benedetto V.
- Benoit William
- Bentley Joe
- Bera Sayantani
- Berbel Marina
- Bergamin Fabio
- Berger Beverly
- Bernuzzi Sebastiano
- Beroiz Martin
- Berry Christopher P. L.
- Bersanetti Diego
- Bertolini A.
- Betzwieser Joseph
- Beveridge Damon
- Bevins Nathaniel
- Bhandare R.
- Bhardwaj Uddipta
- Bhatt R.
- Bhattacharjee Dripta
- Bhaumik Shubhagata
- Bhowmick S.
- Bianchi A.
- Bilenko I. A.
- Billingsley GariLynn
- Binetti Alberto
- Bini Sophie
- Birnholtz Ofek
- Bisht A.
- Bitossi Massimiliano
- Blackburn Kent
- Blagg L. A.
- Blair C. D.
- Blair D. G.
- Bobba F.
- Bode Nina
- Boileau Guillaume
- Boldrini Mattia
- Bolingbroke Georgia
- Bolliand A.
- Bondarescu Ruxandra
- Bondu François
- Bonilla Carrasquel Edgard
- Bonino A.
- Bonnand Romain
- Booker P.
- Borchers A.
- Boschi Valerio
- Bose S.
- Bossilkov V.
- Boudart Vincent
- Boudon A.
- Bozzi A.
- Bradaschia C.
- Brady Patrick R.
- Braglia Matteo
- Branch A.
- BRANCHESI Marica
- Brandt J.
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- Yan S.
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- Yarbrough Zach
- Yasui H.
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- Yelikar A. B.
- Yin X.
- Yokoyama Jun'ichi
- Yokozawa T.
- Yoo Jooheon
- Yu Hang
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- Zhao Yuhang
- Zheng Yanyan
- Zhong Haowen
- Zhou R.
- Zhu Xingjiang
- Zhu Zong-Hong
- Zimmerman Aaron
- Zucker M. E.
- Zweizig John
- Árpád Gergely László
- 劉 國欽
- 都丸 隆行
- Publication venue
- Publication date
- 23/04/2024
- Field of study
Search for eccentric black hole coalescences during the third observing run of LIGO and Virgo
- Author
- Abac A. G.
- Abbott R.
- Abe H.
- Acernese F.
- Ackley Kendall
- Adamcewicz C.
- Adhicary S.
- Adhikari Naresh
- Adhikari Rana X.
- Adkins V. K.
- Adya V. B.
- Affeldt C.
- Afif Ismail M.
- Agarwal D.
- Agathos Michalis
- Aguiar Odylio D.
- Aguilar I.
- Aiello Lorenzo
- Ain Anirban
- Ajith Parameswaran
- Akseli Hannuksela Otto
- Akutsu Tomotada
- Al-Jodah Ammar
- Albanesi S.
- Alberto Trani Alessandro
- Alfaidi Reem Atallah E
- Allocca Annalisa
- Alléné C.
- Almualla M.
- Altin Paul
- Amato Alex
- Amez-Droz L.
- Amorosi A.
- Anand S.
- Ananyeva A.
- Andersen R.
- Anderson Stuart
- Anderson Warren G.
- Andia Manuel
- Ando M.
- Andrade T.
- Andrea Prodi Giovanni
- Andres Nicolas
- Andric Tomislav
- Andrés-Carcasona Marc
- Anne Bizouard Marie
- Ansoldi S.
- Antelis Javier M.
- Antier Sarah
- Antonio Font Roda Jose
- Aoumi M.
- Apostolatos T.
- Appavuravther E. Z.
- Appert S.
- Apple S. K.
- Arai Koji
- Araya Akito
- Araya Melody
- Areeda Joseph
- Arif Shaikh Md
- Aritomi Naoki
- Armato F.
- Arnaud Nicolas
- Arogeti Megan
- Aronson Scott
- Arun K. G.
- Ashton Gregory
- Aso Yoichi
- Assiduo M.
- Aston S. M.
- Astone Pia
- Aubin Florian
- Babak Stanislav
- Badalyan A.
- Badaracco Francesca
- Badger C.
- Bae Sangwook
- Bagnasco Stefano
- Bai Y.
- Baier Jeremy
- Bajpai Rishabh
- Baka T.
- Ball M.
- Ballardin G.
- Ballmer S. W.
- Baltus Grégory
- Banagiri Sharan
- Banerjee Biswajit
- Bankar Deepak
- Baral Pratyusava
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- Barber J.
- Barish B. C.
- Barker D.
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- Barone Fabrizio
- Barr Bryan
- Barsotti Lisa
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- Barthelmy S. D.
- Barton Mark Andrew
- Bartos I.
- Basak Soummyadip
- Basalaev Artem
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- Benedetto V.
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- Bécsy Bence
- C. Utina Andrei
- Cabourn Davies Gareth
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- Cagnoli Gianpietro
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- Capocasa Eleonora
- Capote E.
- Carapella G.
- Carbognani F.
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- Carpinelli Massimo
- Carter Jonathan
- Carullo Gregorio
- Casentini C.
- Castaldi G.
- Castro-Lucas S. Y.
- Caudill S.
- Cavaglia Marco
- Cavalieri Roberto
- Cella Giancarlo
- Cerdá-Durán Pablo
- Cesarini Elisabetta
- Chaibi W.
- Chalathadka Subrahmanya Shreevathsa
- Chan C.
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- Chandra K.
- Chang I. P.
- Chang R. -J.
- Chang W.
- Chanial Pierre
- Chao Shiuh
- Chapman-Bird Christian
- Charlton E. L.
- Charlton Philip
- CHASSANDE-MOTTIN Eric
- Chastain L.
- Chatterjee Chayan
- Chatterjee Debarati
- Chatterjee Deep
- Chaturvedi M.
- Chaty Sylvain
- Chatziioannou Katerina
- Chen A.
- Chen A. H. -Y.
- Chen Dan
- Chen H.
- Chen Hsin-Yu
- Chen Junxin
- Chen K. H.
- Chen X.
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- Chen Y. -R.
- Cheng H.
- Chessa Piero
- Chia H. Y.
- Chiadini Francesco
- Chiang C.
- Chiarini G.
- Chiba A.
- Chiba R.
- Chierici R.
- Chincarini Andrea
- Chiofalo M. L.
- Chiummo Antonino
- Chou C.
- Choudhary Sunil
- Christensen Nelson
- Chua Sheon S. Y.
- Chun Lung Chan Juno
- Chung K. W.
- Ciani Giacomo
- Ciecieląg Paweł
- Cieślar Marek
- Cifaldi M.
- Ciobanu A. A.
- Ciolfi Riccardo
- Clara F.
- Clark James
- Clarke Teagan
- Clasey Essick Reed
- Claudio Diaz Mario
- Clearwater P.
- Clesse S.
- Cleva F.
- Coccia E.
- Codazzo Elena
- Cohadon Pierre-François
- Colleoni Marta
- Collette C. G.
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- Colombo Alberto
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- Concetta Tringali Maria
- Conti Livia
- Cooper Sam
- Corbitt Thomas
- Cordero-Carrión Isabel
- Corezzi S.
- Cornish Neil
- Corsi Alessandra
- Cortese Stefano
- Costa C. A.
- Cottingham R.
- Coughlin Michael
- Couineaux A.
- Coulon J. -P.
- Countryman S. T.
- Coupechoux J. -F.
- Cousins Bryce
- Couvares Peter
- Coward D. M.
- Cowart M. J.
- Cowburn B. D.
- Coyne Dennis
- Coyne Robert
- Craig K.
- Creighton Jolien
- Creighton T. D.
- Criswell Alexander
- Crockett-Gray J. C. G.
- Croquette Michaël
- Crouch R.
- Crowder S. G.
- Cudell Jean-René
- Cullen T. J.
- Cumming Alan
- Cuoco E.
- Curyło M.
- Cusinato Marco
- D'Angelo Beatrice
- D'Antonio S.
- d'Emilio V.
- D'Onofrio Luca
- D'Urso D.
- Dabadie P.
- Dal Canton Tito
- DALL'OSSO Simone
- Danilishin Stefan
- Danzmann K.
- Darroch K. E.
- Darsow-Fromm Christian
- Dartez L. P.
- Dasgupta A.
- Datta Sayantani
- Dattilo V.
- Daumas A.
- Dave I.
- Davenport A.
- Davier M.
- Davis Derek
- Davis Michael C.
- Daw Edward
- Dax Maximilian
- De Laurentis Martina
- De Lillo Federico
- de Lluc Planas Maria
- De Marco F.
- De Matteis F.
- De Pietri Roberto
- De Rosa Rosario
- de rossi camilla
- De Simone R.
- de Souza Melo S. Assis
- Deenadayalan M.
- Degallaix Jerome
- Del Pozzo W.
- Delfavero Vera
- Dell'Aquila Daniele
- Deléglise Samuel
- Demos N.
- Dent Thomas
- Depasse Antoine
- Dhurandhar S.
- Di Fiore L.
- Di Fronzo Chiara
- di giovanni Fabrizio
- Di Giovanni M.
- Di Girolamo Tristano
- Di Michele Alessandro
- Di Renzo Francesco
- DI. PALMA Irene
- Diab R.
- Diamond P. Z.
- Diaz J. Casanueva
- Didio N. A.
- Diego Bonavena Luis
- Dietrich Tim
- Diksha D.
- Ding Jacques
- Divyajyoti
- Dmitriev Artemiy
- Doctor Zoheyr
- Dohmen E.
- Doleva P. P.
- Donahue L.
- Donovan F.
- Dooley Katherine L.
- Dooney T.
- Doravari Suresh
- Dorosh O.
- Drago Marco
- Driggers Jennifer C.
- Drori Y.
- Du H.
- Ducoin J. -G.
- Dunn Liam
- Dupletsa U.
- Duval Hannah
- Duverne P. -A.
- Dwyer S. E.
- Dálya Gergely
- Eassa C.
- Ebersold Michael
- Eckhardt Tobias
- Eddolls Graeme
- Edelman Bruce
- Edo T. B.
- Edy Oliver
- Effler Anamaria
- Eichholz Johannes
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- Slaven-Blair T. J.
- Smetana J.
- Smith Joshua
- Smith Leigh
- Smith Rory
- Soldateschi Jacopo
- Somiya Kentaro
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- soni siddharth
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- Sorrentino F.
- Sorrentino Nunziato
- Soulard R.
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- Spagnuolo V.
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- STEER Danièle
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- Summerscales Tiffany
- Sun Ling
- Sunil S.
- Sur Ankan
- Suresh Jishnu
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- Syx A.
- Szczepańczyk Marek
- Szewczyk Paweł
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- Talbot C.
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- Tanaka Shuta
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- Tanioka Satoshi
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- Tao Liu
- Tapia San Martín E. N.
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- Taruya Atsushi
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- tiwari shubhanshu
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- Toriyama A.
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- Torrie C. I.
- Toscani Martina
- Tosta e Melo Iara
- Tournefier Edwige
- TRAPANANTI Angela
- Travasso Flavio
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- Tripathee Aashish
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- UCHIKATA NAMI.
- Uchiyama Takashi
- Udall Rhiannon
- Uehara Tomoyuki
- Ueno Koh
- Unnikrishnan C. S.
- Ushiba Takafumi
- Vahlbruch Henning
- Vaidya Nina
- Vajente Gabriele
- Vajpeyi A.
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- Valentini Michele
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- Verkindt Didier
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- Virtuoso Andrea
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- Won Seo Jin
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- Wu David S.
- Wu Hsun-Chung
- Wysocki Daniel
- Xiao Liting
- Xu Victoria
- Yaala M. Ben
- Yadav Nikesh
- Yakovlev Alexey
- Yamamoto Hiroaki
- Yamamoto Kazuhiro
- Yamamoto M.
- Yamamoto Takahiro
- Yamamoto Takahiro S.
- Yamamura S.
- Yamazaki Ryo
- Yan S.
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- Yang Kate Z.
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- Yang Y. -C.
- Yang Yang
- Yang Yi
- Yap M. J.
- Yarbrough Zach
- Yeh S. -W.
- Yelikar A. B.
- Yeung S. M. C.
- Yeung T. Y.
- Yokoyama Jun'ichi
- Yokozawa T.
- Yoo Jooheon
- Yu Hang
- Yuzurihara Hirotaka
- Zadrożny A.
- Zahoor Jan Aasim
- Zannelli A. J.
- Zanolin M.
- Zeeshan M.
- Zelenova T.
- Zendri J. -P.
- Zevin Michael
- Zhang Jue
- Zhang L.
- Zhang Rui
- Zhang T.
- Zhang Ya
- Zhang Yanqi
- Zhao C.
- Zhao Yue
- Zhao Yuhang
- Zheng Yanyan
- Zhong Haowen
- Zhou R.
- Zhu Zong-Hong
- Zimmerman Aaron
- Zucker M. E.
- Zweizig John
- Álvarez-López S.
- Árpád Gergely László
- 劉 國欽
- 曹周键
- 都丸 隆行
- Publication venue
- Publication date
- 01/08/2023
- Field of study
Despite the growing number of confident binary black hole coalescences observed through gravitational waves so far, the astrophysical origin of these binaries remains uncertain. Orbital eccentricity is one of the clearest tracers of binary formation channels. Identifying binary eccentricity, however, remains challenging due to the limited availability of gravitational waveforms that include effects of eccentricity. Here, we present observational results for a waveform-independent search sensitive to eccentric black hole coalescences, covering the third observing run (O3) of the LIGO and Virgo detectors. We identified no new high-significance candidates beyond those that were already identified with searches focusing on quasi-circular binaries. We determine the sensitivity of our search to high-mass (total mass M>70 M⊙) binaries covering eccentricities up to 0.3 at 15 Hz orbital frequency, and use this to compare model predictions to search results. Assuming all detections are indeed quasi-circular, for our fiducial population model, we place an upper limit for the merger rate density of high-mass binaries with eccentricities 0<e≤0.3 at 0.33 Gpc−3 yr−1 at 90\% confidence level
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