Optimal Correlation Estimators for Quantized Signals

Using a maximum-likelihood criterion, we derive optimal correlation strategies for signals with and without digitization. We assume that the signals are drawn from zero-mean Gaussian distributions, as is expected in radio-astronomical applications, and we present correlation estimators both with and without a priori knowledge of the signal variances. We demonstrate that traditional estimators of correlation, which rely on averaging products, exhibit large and paradoxical noise when the correlation is strong. However, we also show that these estimators are fully optimal in the limit of vanishing correlation. We calculate the bias and noise in each of these estimators and discuss their suitability for implementation in modern digital correlators.Comment: 8 Pages, 3 Figures, Submitted to Ap

Pliocene and Pleistocene depositional environments on the York-James Peninsula, Virginia; a field guidebook

The late Cenozoic deposits of southeastern Virginia represent a wide variety of depositional environments and record numerous marine transgressions. The formations range in age from Miocene to Holocene. This fieldguide provides an opportunity to visit and sample highly fossilferous marine bay and fluvial-estuarine sediments exposed in river bluffs and borrow pits on the York-James Peninsula

Developing And Delivering The Virtual MBA Course

The use of the Internet offers a unique opportunity to bring together individuals in an interactive setting for social and educational purposes. Colleges and universities have augmented their brick and mortar classes with virtual course offerings using the Internet for distance education. This paper will examine the origins of distance education and offer insights and recommendations for developing and delivering an on-line MBA course in Privacy and Information Security

Method of producing apparatus comprising a low-reflection optical fiber connection

It has been discovered that tilted optical fiber endfaces useful in low-reflection optical fiber joints can be produced by cleaving, provided the fiber is twisted through an appropriate twist angle. By way of example, for a particular, commercially available single mode fiber, the normalized twist angle typically is in the range of 5-15 degrees/cm, resulting in a nominal tilt angle of the fiber endface in the approximate range 5-20 degrees.Published versio