18,852 research outputs found
Setting It Right: Employment Protection, Labour Reallocation and Productivity
This paper provides a critical review of the recent empirical evidence on the links between regulations affecting the hiring and firing of workers, labour reallocation and productivity growth. It also reviews how workers affected by labour mobility fare and discusses policy options to support them. The upshot is that employment protection has a sizeable effect on labour market flows and these flows, in turn, have significant impacts on productivity growth. At the same time, the evidence also shows that while greater labour market reallocation benefits many workers through higher real wages and better careers, some displaced workers lose out via longer unemployment durations and/or lower real wages in post-displacement jobs. In this context, reforms of employment protection should be considered as part of a comprehensive package that also includes an adequate safety net for the unemployed and effective re-employment services.job and worker flows, employment protection, productivity
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Risk across design domains
Design processes involve risk: to life and limb if the product is unsafe, to the financial health of the company if the product is late, unsuccessful or simply the wrong product, as well as to the emotions and careers of the designers. Many of the risks are shared universally by all designers, but each different industry and each different project faces its own spectrum of serious and minor risks. Different industries have put their methodological effort into finding ways to mitigate the risks they recognise as important. As part of the Across Design project exploring similarities and differences between design processes in different industries, this paper examines how risks are perceived and handled in different types of design process, and proposes that designers and managers can usefully look to other industries for ways to handle risks that are more central for those other industries
Bound states in weakly deformed waveguides: numerical vs analytical results
We have studied the emergence of bound states in weakly deformed and/or
heterogeneous waveguides, comparing the analytical predictions obtained using a
recently developed perturbative method, with precise numerical results, for
different configurations (a homogeneous asymmetric waveguide, a heterogenous
asymmetric waveguide and a homogeneous broken-strip). In all the examples
considered in this paper we have found excellent agreement between analytical
and numerical results, thus providing a numerical verification of the
analytical approach.Comment: 11 pages, 6 figure
Atomic spectrometry update. Clinical and biological materials, foods and beverages
This review discusses developments in elemental mass spectrometry, atomic absorption, emission and fluorescence, XRF and LIBS, as applied to the analysis of specimens of clinical interest, foods and beverages. Sample preparation procedures and quality assurance are also included.</p
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