Son to Father Reciprocity and Encephalization in Early Humans

Humans exhibit much more sharing of food harvested by prime-age hunter-gatherers with dependents relative to such sharing by lower-order primates. We investigate this behavior in a model in which a father provides generously to his dependent child-son in period t in the hope that this gesture will inspire his son to reciprocate in the next period when the father is in "retirement". In our formulation fathers provide better when (a) they are smarter hunters (b) they have a higher probability of living to experience a "retirement" and (c) when they are more con�dent that their child-sons will indeed provide generously for them in their "retirement". Better food provision by prime-age fathers is associated with brain-size expansion in our model.reciprocity, encephalization, intertemporal division of labor

"Reverse" Intergovernmental Transfers Between Regions with Local Public Goods

We report on the nature of a utility optimizing transfer from one regional government to another when local public goods are present. Computer examples reveal that small differences in regional endowments result in large differences in equilibrium outcomes for two regions, under optimal transfers. The scale effect (lower tax charge per person for the same public good in more populous regions) leads to the small region generally providing transfers to the larger region.intergovernmental transfers, local public goods, inter-regional resource allocation

An Economics-based Energy Account for Classical Mechanics

Simple operations transform Hamilton's equations for particle motion in classical mechanics into energy units. Then one obtains a single equation in location, location-changes, momenta and momenta-changes with the interpretation: income from capital, in units of energy, balances with current investment expenditure on location changes and momenta changes, also in units of energy. For the special case of periodic motion, the inflow-useflow sub-accounts for distinct position variables and for distinct momenta variables balance over the period of motionparticle dynamics, energy account

Son to father reciprocity and encephalization in early humans

Humans exhibit much more sharing of food harvested by prime-age hunter-gatherers with dependents relative to such sharing by lower-order primates. We investigate this behavior in a model in which a father provides generously to his dependent child-son in period t in the hope that this gesture will inspire his son to reciprocate in the next period when the father is in retirement. In our formulation fathers provide better when (a) they are smarter hunters (b) they have a higher probability of living to experience a retirement and (c) when they are more confident that their child-sons will indeed provide generously for them in their retirement. Better food provision by prime-age fathers is associated with brain-size expansion in our model

Calcul de la valeur de différents types d’entreprises extractives

Nous présentons le mode de détermination de l’amortissement économique de trois types d’entreprises extractives : l’entreprise qui fait uniquement de l’extraction, l’entreprise qui effectue simultanément de l’exploration et de l’extraction et l’industrie qui extrait des ressources épuisables durables. Nous avons utilisé une approche unifiée et avons obtenu des résultats distincts, mais facilement comparables. Nous proposons également des expressions pour rendre compte des grands changements de la valeur des entreprises sur de longs intervalles de temps.We drive formulas for the economic depreciation of three types of extractive firms—the simple purely extractive firm, the firm which simultaneously explores and extracts, and the durable exhaustible resource extractive industry. We use a unified approach and find our results—distinct yet easily compared. We also introduce expressions for the large changes in the values of firms over lenghty intervals

"Reverse" intergovernmental transfers between regions with local public goods

We report on the nature of a utility optimizing transfer from one regional government to another when local public goods are present. Computer examples reveal that small differences in regional endowments result in large differences in equilibrium outcomes for two regions, under optimal transfers. The scale effect (lower tax charge per person for the same public good in more populous regions) leads to the small region generally providing transfers to the larger region

Efficient Resource Allocation in a Multinucleated City

Mills' programming model of efficient resource allocation in an urban area is extended to include multiple nuclei and intermediate goods. The new model is a decomposable linear program in which the primary resource value of the city plus transportation costs are minimized subject to a prescribed bill of final demands for the city and to land constraints consisting of cells in a areal grid. Shadow prices on land emerge in the dual problem.

Duopoly in Space

Hotelling's 1929 article concerning the behavior of duopolists in a spatial setting has had a lasting influence in economics and political science. With a simple model, he was able to elucide why "our cities become uneconomically large and business districts within them too concentrated"; and why "Methodist and Presbyterian churches are too much alike;cider is too homogenous." In this paper, we develop the constant non-zero elasticity of demand case which Hotelling referred to.

The Zero discounting and maximin optimal paths in a simple model of global warming

Following Stollery [1998], we extend the Solow, Dasgupta-Heal model to analyze the effects of global warning. The rise of temperature is caused by the use of fossil resources so that the temperature level can be linked to the remaining stock of these resources. The rise of temperature affects both productivity and utility. We characterize optimal solutions for the maximin and zero-discounting cases and present closed form solutions for the case where the production function and utility function are Cobb-Douglas, and the temperature level is an exponential function of the remaining stock of resources. We show that a greater weight of temperature in the preferences or a larger intertemporal elasticity of substitution both lead to postpone resource use.Maximin ; zero discounting ; global warming

Calcul de la valeur de différents types d’entreprises extractives

We drive formulas for the economic depreciation of three types of extractive firms—the simple purely extractive firm, the firm which simultaneously explores and extracts, and the durable exhaustible resource extractive industry. We use a unified approach and find our results—distinct yet easily compared. We also introduce expressions for the large changes in the values of firms over lenghty intervals. Nous présentons le mode de détermination de l’amortissement économique de trois types d’entreprises extractives : l’entreprise qui fait uniquement de l’extraction, l’entreprise qui effectue simultanément de l’exploration et de l’extraction et l’industrie qui extrait des ressources épuisables durables. Nous avons utilisé une approche unifiée et avons obtenu des résultats distincts, mais facilement comparables. Nous proposons également des expressions pour rendre compte des grands changements de la valeur des entreprises sur de longs intervalles de temps.