Plasma glucose, insulin, GH, IGF-1, and corticosterone concentration at 0, 1, and 2 h post exercise.

<p>Plasma glucose, insulin, GH, IGF-1, and corticosterone concentration at 0, 1, and 2 h post exercise.</p

The phosphorylation of mTOR signaling pathways.

<p>(A) mTOR phosphorylation at Ser²⁴⁴⁸ expressed as a percentage of a standard sample obtained from an insulin-stimulated rat tissue. (B) p70S6k phosphorylation at Thr³⁸⁹expressed as a percentage of a standard sample obtained from an insulin-stimulated rat tissue. (C) rpS6 phosphorylation at Ser²³⁶ expressed as a percentage of a standard sample obtained from an insulin-stimulated rat tissue. (D) 4E-BP1 phosphorylation expressed as a percentage of the gamma isoform. All values are mean ± SEM (n = 10 per group).*, p<0.05 vs. SED. †, p<0.05 vs. PLA. §, p<0.05 vs. WP. ‡, p<0.05 vs. 1 h.</p

Metabolic data during exhaustive exercise prior to the three diet interventions.

<p>Day 1.</p

Concentrations of metabolites and hormones in fasted condition the day after exhaustive exercise and diet interventions, and during and after the performance test.

<p>Data are mean and error bars represents SEM. C: p<0.05 compared to CHO; W: p<0.05 compared to CHO+PROT (whey); P: p<0.05 compared to placebo. N = 8 for all data points.</p

Plasma concentrations of lactate, glucose, insulin, FFA, glycerol and glucagon during the first 2 h recovery when provided CHO, CHO+PROT or PLA.

<p>Data are mean and error bars represents SEM. C: p<0.05 compared to CHO; W: p<0.05 compared to CHO+PROT (whey); P: p<0.05 compared to placebo. N = 8 for all data points.</p

Plasma concentrations of uric acid, ornithine, citrulline and 1-methyl-histidine during the first 2 h of recovery when provided CHO, CHO+PROT or PLA.

<p>Data are mean and error bars represents SEM. C: p<0.05 compared to CHO; W: p<0.05 compared to CHO+PROT (whey); P: p<0.05 compared to placebo. N = 8 for all data points.</p

Nitrogen balance and urine excretion of urea and creatinine. a: p<0.05 compared to CHO+PROT; b: p<0.05 compared to CHO.

<p>Data are mean and error bars represents SEM. C: p<0.05 compared to CHO; W: p<0.05 compared to CHO+PROT (whey); P: p<0.05 compared to placebo. N = 8 for all data points.</p

VO₂, RER, CHO oxidation and HF during the performance test (TTE) after the three diet interventions (Day 2).

<p>VO₂, RER, CHO oxidation and HF during the performance test (TTE) after the three diet interventions (Day 2).</p

Rate of perceived exertion (RPE) during the time to exhaustion (TTE) performance test after the three diet interventions.

<p>Data are mean and error bars represents SEM. C: p<0.05 compared to CHO; W: p<0.05 compared to CHO+PROT (whey); P: p<0.05 compared to placebo. N = 8 for all data points.</p

Plasma concentrations of amino acids during the first 2 h of recovery when provided CHO, CHO+PROT or PLA.

<p>Data for 18 amino acids are presented; no data are presented on cysteine and aspartate. Data are mean and error bars represents SEM. C: p<0.05 compared to CHO; W: p<0.05 compared to CHO+PROT (whey); P: p<0.05 compared to placebo. N = 8 for all data points.</p