Hadronic interactions, precocious unification, and cosmic ray showers at Auger energies

At Auger energies only model predictions enable us to extract primary cosmic ray features. The simulation of the shower evolution depends sensitively on the first few interactions, necessarily related to the quality of our understanding of high energy hadronic collisions. Distortions of the standard ``soft semi-hard'' scenario include novel large compact dimensions and a string or quantum gravity scale not far above the electroweak scale. Na\"{\i}vely, the additional degrees of freedom yield unification of all forces in the TeV range. In this article we study the influence of such precocious unification during atmospheric cascade developments by analyzing the most relevant observables in proton induced showers.Comment: 16 pages latex. 4 eps figure

The Lachine Canal : Past and Present : Paintings and Drawings by G. Scott MacLeod

" For Lachine Canal : Past and Present, I studied Yvon Desloges and Alain Gelly’s book The Lachine Canal, Riding the Waves of Industrial and Urban Development 1860-1950 to get a better understanding of the people who settled in the Lachine Canal region, the technology they used, and the goods they manufactured. I created this exhibition to compare how the canal looked in the mid to late 1800s to how it appears today. For me, the value of studying history is the insight we gain into human nature and our past. In reflection we can learn how we may improve upon the way we do things in the future.[...] What I have tried to represent in The Lachine Canal: Past and Present is a comparative study of the canal’s past and present, focussing not simply on the canal and the surrounding architecture but on the memory and history of the people and companies who built the neighbourhoods that we know today as Lachine, LaSalle, Verdun, St- Henri, Côte Saint Paul, Griffintown, Little Burgundy, Point St-Charles, and the port of Old Montreal." -- p. [6, 8]

A re-investigation of the path of carbon in photosynthesis utilizing GC/MS methodology. Unequivocal verification of the participation of octulose phosphates in the pathway

A GC/EIMS/SIM methodology has been developed to re-examine the path of carbon in photosynthesis. Exposing isolated spinach chloroplasts to (13)CO(2 )on a solid support for a defined period followed by quenching and work-up provided a mixture of labelled sugar phosphates. After enzymatic dephosphorylation and derivatization, the Mox-TMS sugars were analysed using the above method. The purpose of the study was to try to calculate the atom% enrichment of (13)C in as many of the individual carbons in each of the derivatized sugars as was practical using diagnostic fragment ions. In the event, only one 45 s experiment provided sufficient data to enable a range of enrichment values to be calculated. This confirmed that D-glycero-D-altro-octulose phosphate was present in the chloroplasts and was heavily labelled in the C4, C5 and C6 positions, in keeping with the hypothesis that it had an inclusive role and a labelling pattern consistent with a new modified pathway of carbon in photosynthesis