Detection of Supernova Neutrinos by Neutrino-Proton Elastic Scattering

We propose that neutrino-proton elastic scattering, $\nu + p \to \nu + p$, can be used for the detection of supernova neutrinos in scintillator detectors. Though the proton recoil kinetic energy spectrum is soft, with $T_p \simeq 2 E_\nu^2/M_p$, and the scintillation light output from slow, heavily ionizing protons is quenched, the yield above a realistic threshold is nearly as large as that from $\bar{\nu}_e + p \to e^+ + n$. In addition, the measured proton spectrum is related to the incident neutrino spectrum, which solves a long-standing problem of how to separately measure the total energy and temperature of $\nu_\mu$, $\nu_\tau$, $\bar{\nu}_\mu$, and $\bar{\nu}_\tau$. The ability to detect this signal would give detectors like KamLAND and Borexino a crucial and unique role in the quest to detect supernova neutrinos.Comment: 10 pages, 9 figures, revtex

Lassa Fever Induced Hearing Loss: The Neglected Disability of Hemorrhagic Fever.

OBJECTIVE: Lassa fever (LF) a hemorrhagic fever endemic to Western has an incidence of approximately 500,000 cases per year. Here, we evaluate hearing loss and other sequelae following LF. METHODS: This case-control study enrolled laboratory confirmed LF survivors, non-LF Febrile controls and Matched Community controls with no history of LF or recent hospitalization for a febrile illness. Study participants completed a symptom questionnaire. Pure-tone audiometry was completed by a subset of participants. RESULTS: One hundred forty-seven subjects were enrolled aged from 3-66 years (mean = 23.3). LF survivors were significantly more likely to report balance difficulties (55% vs 20%, p < 0.001), hair loss (32% vs 7%, p < 0.001), difficulty speaking (19% vs 1%, p < 0.001), social isolation (50% vs 0%, p < 0.001), and hearing loss (17% vs 1%, p = 0.002) in comparison to Matched-Community Controls. Similar trends were noted in comparison to Febrile Controls, although these findings were non-significant. Fifty subjects completed audiometry. Audiometry found that LF survivors had significantly more bilateral hearing loss in comparison to Matched-Community Controls (30% vs 4%, p = 0.029). CONCLUSION: This study characterizes the sequelae of LF and highlights the need for increased access to hearing care in West Africa

A Study of the Negative Kaon-Proton Going to (Antikaon,nucleon,pion) Reactions at 1.33 Bev/c

131 p.Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1966.U of I OnlyRestricted to the U of I community idenfinitely during batch ingest of legacy ETD

A Study of the Negative Kaon-Proton Going to (Antikaon,nucleon,pion) Reactions at 1.33 Bev/c

131 p.Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1966.U of I OnlyRestricted to the U of I community idenfinitely during batch ingest of legacy ETD

A study of the K[superscript -] + p [right arrow] K + N + [pi] reactions at 1.33 BeV/c

An experiment has been performed on K meson-proton interactions using the 72" Alvarez liquid hydrogen bubble chamber. As part of that experiment the University ·of Illinois group investigated the following topologies: 2-prong, 2-prong with 1 kink, and O-prong with an associated vee. In particular, the reactions K + P -+ R + N + rr are reported here. A sample of 30,000 frames containing 11,111 2-prong events was used, with measurements being done on SMP's. These reactions are found to be dominated by K*(890)N production. Some evidence is also found for N*(1236)R and Yo*(1520)rr o production, and slight amounts of Yt(1660)rr and Y1*(1765)rr are seen. A backward peaking is seen to exist in the production angular distribution of the K*-(Rorr-). No evidence for this backward peaking is found in the other KNrr final states. The production and decay angular distributions of the K*(890) indicate that the R*on final state is produced predominantly by an exchange of a pseudosca1ar meson of small mass, probably the pion. The R*-p final states show less marked evidence for _*0 peripheral production than does the K n final state. If the one-particle exchange model is hypothesized as a contributing mechanism, the R*-p final states appear to have a large amount of T = 0 vector meson exchange contributing to their production. This could be either the ill or ~ meson.U of I OnlyThesi