4 research outputs found
Continuous Pore-Spanning Lipid Bilayers on Silicon Oxide-Coated Porous Substrates
A number
of techniques has been developed and analyzed in recent
years to generate pore-spanning membranes (PSMs). While quite a number
of methods rely on nanoporous substrates, only a few use micrometer-sized
pores to be able to individually resolve suspending membranes by means
of fluorescence microscopy. To be able to produce PSMs on pores that
are micrometer in size, an orthogonal functionalization strategy resulting
in a hydrophilic surface is highly desirable. Here, we report on a
method to prepare PSMs based on the evaporation of a thin layer of
silicon monoxide on top of the porous substrate. PM-IRRAS experiments
demonstrate that the final surface is composed of SiO<sub><i>x</i></sub> with 1 < <i>x</i> < 2. The hydrophilic
surface turned out to be well suited to spread giant unilamellar vesicles
forming PSMs. As the method does not rely on a gold coating as frequently
used for orthogonal functionalization, fluorescence micrographs provide
information not only from the freestanding membrane areas but also
from the supported ones. The observation of the entire PSM area enabled
us to observe phase-separation in these membranes on the freestanding
and supported parts as well as protein binding and possible lipid
reorganization of the membranes induced by binding of the protein
Shiga toxin
Results of the INRICH pathway analysis.
<p>Results of the INRICH pathway analysis are shown in bar plot format. The x-axis shows negative logarithmic enrichment p-values for all nominally associated pathways containing two and more genes prior to- (gray) and after- (blue) correction for multiple testing. The red horizontal line indicates a p-value of 0.05.</p
Results of the Ingenuity Pathway Analysis.
<p>Results of the Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) are shown in bar plot format. The x-axis shows negative logarithmic enrichment p-values for all associated pathways containing two and more genes prior to- (gray) and after- (blue) Benjamini Hochberg correction for multiple testing. The red horizontal line indicates a p-value of 0.05.</p
IPA pathway synaptic long term potentiation.
<p>Results of the Ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) for the pathway “Synaptic Long Term Potentiation” are shown. Shared schizophrenia-bipolar disorder associated genes (<i>GRIN2A</i>, <i>GRM3</i>, <i>CACNA1C</i>) are highlighted in purple.</p