Protocol for scoping review study to map out the existing research in relation to post-traumatic stress symptoms among caregivers of individuals with neurodevelopmental, psychiatric and neurocognitive disorders

Introduction The challenges of providing caregiving that impacts the caregiver have been attributed to high levels of intensity and physical strain, burden and distress. This is likely to include emotional and psychological distress as manifested in post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS). As this is a new area of investigation among caregivers of individuals with neurodevelopmental, neurocognitive and psychiatric disorders, the extent of the literature for PTSS in these groups of caregivers is limited and unclear. This scoping review aims to map the existing research focusing on key concepts and identifying gaps in relation to PTSS among these caregivers. Methods and analysis The scoping review will be guided by Arksey and O’Malley’s proposed 5-stage framework. A search for published and unpublished grey literature between years 2005 to 2020 in the electronic databases of CINAHL, SCOPUS, PsychInfo, OVID PubMed and ProQuest Dissertation, and Thesis Global electronic databases was conducted using keywords to identify relevant studies. Articles will be limited to the English language. Endnote 20 software will be used to eliminate duplicates, and results will be exported into Abstrackr for the review screening process consisting of two stages: title and abstract reviews and full-text reviews. Selection process of eligible studies will follow the recommendations in the Preferred Reporting Items of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews checklist. A data chart will be used to capture relevant information from all included studies, and results will be presented in tabular form and in a narrative report. Ethics and dissemination This scoping review consists of reviewing and collecting data from publicly available materials and hence does not require ethics approval. The scoping review results will be disseminated via publications in peer-reviewed journals and conference presentations. The results will also guide the design of a mixed method research study to examine the extent of trauma symptomatology and potentially traumatising experiences, and how they relate to the mental health of caregivers of adults with intellectual and developmental disability from different cultural backgrounds

User guide for Inferior Frontal Sulcal Hyperintensity (IFSH) Scale and related template

This report describes the data related to the article entitiled: “Relationship between inferior frontal sulcal hyperintensities on brain MRI, ageing and cerebral small vessel disease”. 1. User guide for Inferior Frontal Sulcal Hyperintensity (IFSH) Scale This user guide with detailed definition, description and clear examples aims to rate objectively and reproducibly the amount of hyperintensity demonstrated in the CSF in the inferior frontal sulci of the brain. 2. Inferior Frontal Sulcal Hyperintensity (IFSH) Scale templat

The effects of temperament on depression according to the schema model: a scoping review

Background: Recent studies have shown that not every depressed patient responds to Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, and some of those who do relapse upon termination. Due to its dual focus on the past and present, Schema Model (SM) represents a promising alternative model to understand depression. However, studies examining SM often operationalize the same construct differently, resulting in inconsistent evidence of change. There is no known review clarifying (1) how best to assess schema constructs; and (2) the relevant pathways to depression, without which, the empirical basis for SM cannot be examined. Methods: A scoping review was conducted in accordance to PRISMA guidelines to map evidence of the relationship between constructs of SM and depression, and measures used to assess the constructs. 2463 articles were identified with 49 primary research studies included. This paper is a subset of the scoping review and focuses on the five studies examining effects of temperament on depression. Results: Two models were used to operationalize temperament: The Five Factor Model (FFM) and the Psychobiological Model of Personality (PBM). The variables of neuroticism and harm avoidance were positively associated with depressive symptoms while self-directedness and cooperativeness were negative associated with depressive symptoms. Conclusion: The FFM is more suited to operationalize temperament in studies of SM and depression due to its theoretical compatibility with SM, established psychometric properties of its measures, and widespread use among studies of SM. Out of the five factors in the FFM, only neuroticism exerts direct and indirect effects on depression. These findings are limited by homogeneous sampling, hence future research studies should consider extending it to adult clinical samples. Nevertheless, this review represents a first step in the systematic examination of the empirical basis of SM and a contribution to treatment innovation and practice for depression

Natural Language Generation of Museum Object Descriptions based on User Model

PACLIC / The University of the Philippines Visayas Cebu College Cebu City, Philippines / November 20-22, 200

Karyopherin enrichment and compensation fortifies the nuclear pore complex against nucleocytoplasmic leakage

Nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) discriminate nonspecific macromolecules from importin and exportin receptors, collectively termed "karyopherins" (Kaps), that mediate nucleocytoplasmic transport. This selective barrier function is attributed to the behavior of intrinsically disordered phenylalanine-glycine nucleoporins (FG Nups) that guard the NPC channel. However, NPCs in vivo are typically enriched with different Kaps, and how they impact the NPC barrier remains unknown. Here, we show that two major Kaps, importinβ1/karyopherinβ1 (Kapβ1) and exportin 1/chromosomal maintenance 1 (CRM1), are required to fortify NPC barrier function in vivo. Their enrichment at the NPC is sustained by promiscuous binding interactions with the FG Nups, which enable CRM1 to compensate for the loss of Kapβ1 as a means to maintain NPC barrier function. However, such a compensatory mechanism is constrained by the cellular abundances and different binding kinetics for each respective Kap, as evidenced for importin-5. Consequently, we find that NPC malfunction and nucleocytoplasmic leakage result from poor Kap enrichment

The possible causes for sulcal hyperintensities on FLAIR images on brain MRI: the dataset derived from a systematic review

This report describes the data related to the article entitiled: “Relationship between inferior frontal sulcal hyperintensities on brain MRI, ageing and cerebral small vessel disease”. This systematic review was conducted to assess possible causes for sulcal hyperintensities on fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) images on brain MRI

Mapping the distribution of the Sunda pangolin (Manis javanica) within natural forest in Sabah, Malaysian Borneo

Pangolins are the most trafficked mammals in the world and are severely threatened by poaching the loss, degradation, and fragmentation of habitat. In Malaysian Borneo, conservation initiatives for the Sunda pangolin (Manis javanica) are hindered by a paucity of data on their distribution and population size. Using MaxEnt niche modelling and consolidated species location data, we projected the distribution of Sunda pangolins in Sabah. Additionally, we assessed the accessibility of their forest habitats to humans to understand potential threats. Our model indicated that, as of 2015, approximately half of Sabah’s land area (39,530 km²) is suitable for pangolins, with 43% in protected forests, 38% in production forests, and 19% outside of these areas. Alarmingly, our data suggest that nearly all (91%) of these suitable habitats are relatively easily accessible to poachers. Our findings provide a state-level baseline understanding of Sunda pangolin distribution and assess potential threats in Sabah. These can inform short- and long-term conservation management plans for pangolin to safeguard this critically endangered species

'A true partner around the table?' Perceptions of how to strengthen public health's contributions to the alcohol licensing process

Introduction: There are increased opportunities for public health practitioners (PHPs) in England to shape alcohol availability and reduce harms through a statutory role in licensing processes in local government. However, how public health can effectively influence alcohol licence decision-making is little understood. Methods: A mixed methods study was conducted to identify challenges faced by PHPs and mechanisms to strengthen their role. This involved a survey of practitioners across London local authorities (n = 18) and four focus group discussions with a range of licensing stakeholders (n = 36). Results: Survey results indicated a varied picture of workload, capacity to respond to licence applications and levels of influence over decision-making among PHPs in London. Practitioners described a felt lack of status within the licence process, and difficulties using and communicating public health evidence effectively, without a health licensing objective. Strategies considered supportive included engaging with other responsible authorities and developing understanding and relationships over time. Conclusions: Against political and resource constraints at local and national government levels, pragmatic approaches for strengthening public health influence over alcohol licensing are required, including promoting relationships between stakeholders and offering opportunities for PHPs to share best practice about making effective contributions to licensing

CubeSat Single-Photon Detector Module for Performing In-Orbit Laser Annealing to Heal Radiation Damage

Silicon-based single-photon avalanche photodiodes (SPADs), widely considered for satellite-based quantum communications, suffer a constant increase of dark count rate (DCR) from radiation-induced proton displacement damage in their active areas. When this accumulated damage causes the DCR to exceed a certain threshold (for example, 10,000 counts per second), the SPADs become unreliable for quantum communications, limiting mission lifetime. Previous ground experiments showed that radiation-induced DCR of synthetically irradiated SPADs could be significantly improved by high-power laser annealing, a localized heating of SPADs’ active areas using a focused laser beam. The next step is therefore to demonstrate realtime laser annealing on constantly irradiated SPADs in actual low-Earth-orbit is viable. To facilitate this study, the University of Waterloo team built a miniaturized software controllable SPAD module as part of the annealing payload on CAPSat (Cool Annealing Payload Satellite), a 3U CubeSat satellite developed by a team from the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign. We present the concept of in-orbit laser annealing and the electronic platform of the SPAD module containing four detectors supporting thermal and laser annealing and detector characterization. The CAPSat, launched and deployed in a low-Earth orbit at 400 km altitude from the International Space Station in October 2021, was intended to assess the viability of this approach before incorporating SPADs in future quantum satellite missions, especially in quantum receivers