List of ICD10-Codes used for comparison of comorbidities and medication.

<p>List of ICD10-Codes used for comparison of comorbidities and medication.</p

Overview on the information used for defining the concordance scores.

<p>Overview on the information used for defining the concordance scores.</p

Diagram showing the logical structure of the combined categorization procedure (Approach I plus Approach II).

<p>A-D indicates the concordance scores, Ø the absence of the disease under study. ATC-Codes refer to the patients‘ medication, and ICD10 matching to the comparison of medication with the revised ICD10-Codes of the disease (for details see text).</p

Distribution of concordance scores for different comorbidities (percentages based on the total number of included patients (n = 2653)).

<p>Distribution of concordance scores for different comorbidities (percentages based on the total number of included patients (n = 2653)).</p

Basic characteristics of the patients stratified according to COPD GOLD categories 0–4.

<p>Basic characteristics of the patients stratified according to COPD GOLD categories 0–4.</p

Examples of different distribution patterns of the concordance scores for the diseases asthma, diabetes, hyperuricemia and GI disorders.

<p>The values are percentages relative to the total number of patients (n = 2653). The blue part (A) represents the concordance between reported disease and specific medication, the red part (C) illustrates self-reports confirmed by non-specific medication. Green parts show the proportion of patients only reporting a disease without any suitable medication (D). The violet part (B) on top presents patients without the report of a disease but identified as likely having the disease due to the intake of a specific medication. The sum of A, C and D represents the prevalence according to self-reports (see <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0163408#pone.0163408.t005" target="_blank">Table 5</a>). The distribution patterns vary widely among the different diseases.</p

ICD10 coding of relevant and/or prevalent comorbidities as used in the analysis of Approach I.

<p>ICD10 coding of relevant and/or prevalent comorbidities as used in the analysis of Approach I.</p

Results of path analysis.

<p>Final path analysis model comprising three layers: risk factors, comorbidities and lung function parameters. The structure only contains relationships which turned out to be statistically significant (p<0.05 each). Error terms of dependent variables have been omitted for the sake of clarity. Correlations between the independent variables are indicated by arched arrows.</p

Results of the final path analysis model.

<p>Results of the final path analysis model.</p