A multigroup structural equation model for assessing the competency of property valuation graduates

The barriers for the development of the professions and career development of property valuation (PV) graduate is motivated and driven by the conflict and lack of alignment of industry, academic and professionals’ perspectives on the skills and competencies required by PV graduates and professional. This study attempted to investigate PV graduate competency dimensions. This study aims to accrue major benefits to all parties; academia, industry and the professional bodies and valuation graduates by providing unified view towards PV professional development, greater satisfaction derived for all stakeholders, and producing balanced and employable PV graduates. The purpose of this two-phase, sequential exploratory mixed methods study was to explore participant’s views with the intent of using this information to develop and test an instrument. This study was conducted based on the underlying pragmatic philosophical approach. The first phase was a qualitative exploration of a property valuation graduate competency by collecting interview data from a sample of 16 experts consisting of academic, industry and professional body representatives to determine the dimension of PV graduate competency and PV graduates’ performance measures. Coding procedures of Hermeneutic Unit, and network analyses of ATLAS.ti were used to analyse the interview transcripts, and other primary documents to provide a full extent of competencies' coverage. The PV competency can be conceptualized as a composite of six dimensions such as valuation skills, property skills, property law skills, financial skills, strategic management skills, and transferable skills which are at the first-order level of abstraction. The second phase involved analysis of a survey of 54 academics of three Royal Institute of Chartered Surveyor accredited PV programmes, and 55 respondents of registered valuation firms. The PV competency at the second-order level of abstraction can be conceptualized as a composite of six dimensions such as valuation skills, property skills, property law skills, financial skills, strategic management skills, and transferable skills which are at the first-order level of abstraction. The quantitative findings have provided support for the research model through measurement of reliability and validity. Variance Accounted For index indicate transferable skills partially mediate the relationship between property skills and PV competency for Partial Least Squares (PLS) path model estimation. PLS– Multi-Group measurement indicates that there are significant differences between industry and academia assessment of the valuation graduate competency for law and transferable skills partial least squares path. Finding reveals that there is a variation of competencies achievement level across the stakeholders. The result from the study provides feedback for the competency which the valuation programme need to emphasis and thus acts as a mechanism for curriculum revision

Housing Conditions of Low-income Settlements in Malaysia: A Conceptual Exploration

The government of Malaysia has been providing low-income settlements to ensure people have access to adequate housing. However, the housing conditions of low-income settlements are deemed inadequate even though basic amenities and facilities are provided, partly due to the lack of knowledge regarding the appropriate indicators for housing conditions of low-income settlements to match the socioeconomic factors of the occupants. Therefore, this paper attempts to explore the housing conditions dimension of low-income settlements. This study revealed that low-income settlements' housing condition is conceptualized as a composite of four dimensions, such as the physical aspect, facilities, location aspect, and social support. This paper provides relevant insight for local authorities and property developers in planning for the future development of low-income settlements in Malaysia

Factors Affecting Housing Affordability among the Middle-Income Group in Selangor

This study aims to determine the factors affecting housing affordability among the middle-income group in Selangor and rank the factors affecting the housing affordability for this group. Malaysia has experienced rapid urban growth with the increase of urban population due to urbanisation and rapid economic activities since the 1950s. The rapid urban growth increases the population in the urban area, leading to increased income levels and migration. This phenomenon has undoubtedly affected the housing sector in the country. The housing sector in Malaysia has experienced fluctuating prices as the demand for housing in the market increase. As house purchase is influenced by affordability, it is important to understand and determine factors influencing the perception of affordability among middle-income households to provide affordable housing for this group. The scope of this research concentrates on the middle-income group in Selangor. The questionnaire was distributed to 100 respondents from the middle-income group in Selangor. The data from the questionnaire were analysed using descriptive analysis and Relative Importance Index (RII) analysis. The study found six factors affecting housing affordability among the middle-income group in Selangor: house price, monthly income, housing loan, location, number of working adults in a household, and health status

Establishing Semantic Network of the Malaysian Affordable Housing Livability Dimensions. International Journal of Real Estate Studies

The impetus for the study is the growing awareness of the deterioration of livability, particularly in urban environments due to the pressure of imbalance development pattern. An investigation into the views of industry and academia revealed there is a considerable gap in determining the perimeter that predicting the livability of affordable housing scheme in Malaysia. This paper offers the qualitative exploration of the Malaysian affordable housing livability dimensions. The purpose of this case study design study is to explore participant’s views consisting government bodies, public and private universities, and non-governmental organizations with the intent of using this information to develop the conceptual framework of affordable housing livability. This was accomplished by collecting the focus group data to provide a full picture of the extent of coverage of affordable housing livability dimensions. Findings from this qualitative phase will be used to test the dimensions with the sample of affordable housings’ residents. The study reveals that the affordable housing livability is conceptualized as a composite of seven dimensions. Further validation for the derivation of affordable housing livability construct validity is needed to provide adequate exploration. This study contributes to the existing body of knowledge in livability studies in terms of dimension construct. Conclusively, the findings can help researchers, planners, policy makers and others in the formulation of housing criteria guidelines for the introducing of livable housing as part of the effort to incorporate these features into any new housing projects, to improve the quality of life of in urban environments

Household Wellbeing of Program Perumahan Rakyat in Johor Bahru: A Preliminary Analysis

In the present climate, most low and middle-income households are affected by market conditions; hence the positive impact of household wellbeing is difficult to achieve as expected. This paper examines the social and economic wellbeing of Program Perumahan Rakyat (PPR) scheme in Johor Bahru by collecting 109 survey data to provide a full picture of the extended coverage of household wellbeing dimension. A cross-sectional survey was employed to establish research objectives, and the survey data were analysed by using the Relative Importance Index analysis. The results indicated that the number of households, number of bedroom and bathroom, monthly consumption, monthly income, and housing quality are the factors that extremely influencing household wellbeing of the PPR scheme

Quality Of Life in Multi-Storey Affordable Housing : A Review

The Malaysian National Housing Policy (2018-2015) explains that the housing sector has expanded to the fifth phase, which in the last phase explains about the affordable housing. However, the planning and implementation of affordable housing places more emphasis on home prices rather than the impact of the physical aspects on the well-being and quality of life of its occupants which has directly raised issues and problems that related to the quality of life of the occupants. Therefore, this paper attempted to investigate the quality of life dimension of multi-storey affordable housing and its relationship with socio-economic. The literature identified, five dimensions signify the quality of life of the occupants viz. environment, physical aspects, public safety, social involvement, and public facilities. This helps extend the literature on quality of life as a multidimensional as demonstrated by a growing number of studies that have been conducted. Further research and policy simulations are necessary to provide specific and relevant recommendations by considering composite household indicators that can significantly affect the quality of life

SUSTAINABLE URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE AND COMMUNITY SATISFACTION: A CASE IN MARINA PARKCITY SARAWAK

The coastal region of Miri is undergoing rapid development along the urbanization process promoted by the oil field's discovery. Growing demand for infrastructure is a great challenge to achieve sustainability in urban growth, social climate, and the environmental domain. It was mandatory to examine the community satisfaction towards the urban infrastructure provided as they are the main user of such infrastructure. This study aims to determine the significance of sustainable urban infrastructure indicators in influencing community satisfaction towards the infrastructure provided in the coastal reclamation in Marina ParkCity, Sarawak. A total of five (5) indicators of sustainable urban infrastructure and its associated indicators ascertained from the literature review was examined through an online questionnaire survey. Convenience sampling is adopted resulting in a total of 421 valid responses was collected and analysed through PLS-SEM Path Analysis assisted by SmartPLS 3.0 software. The findings show that sustainable urban infrastructure that provides social benefit has a significant effect on community satisfaction. The result of the present study will be useful to policymakers, urban planners, and developers to design a better blueprint that can enhance the development of the urban infrastructure of the coastal reclamation region

Housing Affordability Stress among the Middle-Income (M40) Group in Johor Bahru

A house as a place of residence plays an important role towards sustainable development and in improving the wellbeing of the population. The issue of housing, especially the supply and demand of low and low-medium cost housing in cities, rising house prices, quality of housing as well as housing stress has shown that housing is a critical issue that must be addressed. Housing stress usually refers to financial constraints, the reason for the inability to manage the cost of home ownership and housing expenses. Yet financial burden is not the only factor that can contribute to housing stress. There are two types of housing stress, namely physical and emotional factors that may impact negatively on the lives of residents. This paper discusses the affordability housing stress among the middle-income group (M40) that may contribute to housing stress basedon a survey of 100 residents of the M40 group in Johor Bahru. The paper discusses the ability of households to rent or buy a house by considering affordable prices, the ability to repay financing, and sufficient income to meet the basic needs of life and a household

Establishing semantic network of the Malaysian affordable housing livability dimensions

The impetus for the study is the growing awareness of the deterioration of livability, particularly in urban environments due to the pressure of imbalance development pattern. An investigation into the views of industry and academia revealed there is a considerable gap in determining the perimeter that predicting the livability of affordable housing scheme in Malaysia. This paper offers the qualitative exploration of the Malaysian affordable housing livability dimensions. The purpose of this case study design study is to explore participant’s views consisting government bodies, public and private universities, and non-governmental organizations with the intent of using this information to develop the conceptual framework of affordable housing livability. This was accomplished by collecting the focus group data to provide a full picture of the extent of coverage of affordable housing livability dimensions. Findings from this qualitative phase will be used to test the dimensions with the sample of affordable housings’ residents. The study reveals that the affordable housing livability is conceptualized as a composite of seven dimensions. Further validation for the derivation of affordable housing livability construct validity is needed to provide adequate exploration. This study contributes to the existing body of knowledge in livability studies in terms of dimension construct. Conclusively, the findings can help researchers, planners, policy makers and others in the formulation of housing criteria guidelines for the introducing of livable housing as part of the effort to incorporate these features into any new housing projects, to improve the quality of life of in urban environments

Assessing the B40 Housing Satisfaction of Program Perumahan Rakyat in Johor Bahru

Malaysian government is always trying to make sure that the citizens, especially for those low-income citizens to have a comfortable and quality house. The housing satisfaction is an important indicator to give a quality house that will create a significant impact on the individual’s quality of life. Therefore, this study attempted to identify the perimeters of housing satisfaction of the Program Perumahan Rakyat (PPR) housing scheme and further examine the relationship between socio-economics characteristics and residents’ satisfaction. A cross-sectional survey design was employed for the study, and structured questionnaires were distributed to the residents of PPR Johor Bahru. One hundred six data were analysed by Frequency Analysis, Relative Important Index and Chi-Square analysis. The study revealed that the surrounding economy, namely housing price, or r