Increased phosphatidylcholine (16:0/16:0) in the folliculus lymphaticus of Warthin tumor

Warthin tumor (War-T), the second most common benign salivary gland tumor, consists mainly of neoplastic epithelium and lymphoid stroma. Some proteins and genes thought to be involved in War-T were evaluated by molecular biology and immunology. However, lipids as an important component of many tumor cells have not been well studied in War-T. To elucidate the molecular biology and pathogenesis of War-T, we investigated the visualized distribution of phosphatidylcholines (PCs) by imaging mass spectrometry (IMS). In our IMS analysis of a typical case, 10 signals were significantly different in intensity (p < 0.01) between the War-T and non-tumor (Non-T) regions. Five specific PCs were frequently found in the War-T regions of all of the samples: [PC (16:0/16:0) + K](+) (m/z 772.5), [PC (16:0/20:4) + K](+) (m/z 820.5), [PC (16:0/20:3) + K](+) (m/z 822.5), [PC (18:2/20:4) + K](+) (m/z 844.5), and [PC (18:0/20:5) + K](+) (m/z 846.5). PC (16:0/16:0) was increased specifically in the folliculus lymphaticus of War-T lymphoid stroma, suggesting a different metabolism. Localization of PC (16:0/16:0) might reflect inflammation activity participating in the pathogenesis of War-T. Thus, our IMS analysis revealed the profile of PCs specific to the War-T region. The molecules identified in our study provide important information for further studies of War-T pathogenesis

Influence of Fly Ash and Polyacrylamide Mixtures on Growth Properties of Artemisia ordosica in the Desert Region of North China

This study investigated the effects of consolidated soil layer (CSL) composed of fly ash (FA) and polyacrylamide (PAM) on the growth of Artemisia ordosica through plot experiments in Inner Mongolia, North China. It could provide a feasibility reference for ecological restoration and combating desertification in the desert areas. The germination and growth characteristics of Artemisia ordosica were studied in the control soil and 6 kinds of CSL, which were formed with 3 addition rates of FA (5%, 10%, and 15% (w/w) soil) and 2 addition rates of PAM (0.006% and 0.012% (w/w) soil). The results showed that CSL could provide good growth conditions for Artemisia ordosica in arid regions, especially for plant height, basal diameter, total fresh weight, and total dry weight in F5P1 as seen in 2017 and 2018. The FA, the PAM, and the interaction of FA and PAM all had significant impacts on the percentage of seedling emergence and total fresh weight (p &lt; 0.05). The effects of CSL on the emergence and growth properties of Artemisia ordosica were evaluated by principal component analysis, and the CSL consisting of 5% FA and 0.006% PAM was recommended for plant growth

Characterization of the interaction between fenamates and hippocampal neuron GABA\u3csub\u3eA\u3c/sub\u3e receptors

Fenamate NSAIDs have several central effects, including anti-epileptic and neuroprotective actions. The underlying mechanism(s) of these actions are not presently understood. In this study, the effects of five members of the fenamate NSAID group were investigated on native ligand-gated ion channels expressed in cultured rat hippocampal neurons. All fenamates tested (1-100 μM) dose-dependently potentiated GABA-evoked currents; mefenamic acid (MFA) was the most potent and efficacious and was found to shift the GABA dose-response curve to the left without effect on the maximum amplitude or the GABA Hill Slope. The modulation of GABA receptors by MFA was not reduced in the presence of the benzodiazepine antagonist, flumazenil (10 μM) and was moderately voltage-dependent. MFA at concentrations ≥10 μM evoked dose-dependent currents in the absence of GABA. These currents were potentiated by diazepam (1 μM) and blocked by bicuculline (10 μM). The MFA (50 μM) current-voltage relationship and reversal potential were similar to that evoked by GABA. MFA (1-100 μM) had no effects on sub-maximal glycine, glutamate or NMDA evoked currents. These data show that fenamate NSAIDs are a highly effective class of GABA receptor modulator and activators. © 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

An Improved Fast Self-Calibration Method for Hybrid Inertial Navigation System under Stationary Condition

The navigation accuracy of the inertial navigation system (INS) can be greatly improved when the inertial measurement unit (IMU) is effectively calibrated and compensated, such as gyro drifts and accelerometer biases. To reduce the requirement for turntable precision in the classical calibration method, a continuous dynamic self-calibration method based on a three-axis rotating frame for the hybrid inertial navigation system is presented. First, by selecting a suitable IMU frame, the error models of accelerometers and gyros are established. Then, by taking the navigation errors during rolling as the observations, the overall twenty-one error parameters of hybrid inertial navigation system (HINS) are identified based on the calculation of the intermediate parameter. The actual experiment verifies that the method can identify all error parameters of HINS and this method has equivalent accuracy to the classical calibration on a high-precision turntable. In addition, this method is rapid, simple and feasible

2,4-Dimethylphenol imprinted polymers as a solid-phase extraction sorbent for class-selective extraction of phenolic compounds from environmental water

A molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) was prepared using 2,4-dimethylphenol (2,4-DMP) as template The synthesis is optimized by using three different porogens, chloroform, acetonitrile and toluene The MIP was used as a class-selective sorbent in molecularly imprinted solid-phase extraction (MIP-SPE) for pre-concentration and determination of phenolic compounds from the environmental water The difference in recognition selectivity of the polymer columns was observed in HPLC system The variables affecting the extraction efficiency of MIP-SPE procedure were systematically investigated to facilitate the class-selective extraction of phenols from spiked water samples The spiked aqueous solution was adjusted to pH 6.0 before being percolated through the MIP-SPE cartridge at the flow rate of 0 5 mL min(-1) After rinsing with dichloromethane, the bound phenolic compounds were desorbed with acetonitrile containing 5% aqueous ammonia The developed MIP-SPE method was demonstrated to be applicable to the analysis of phenolic compounds in the environmental water Crown Copyright (C) 2010 Published by Elsevier B V. All rights reserved

A Fusion Water Quality Soft-Sensing Method Based on WASP Model and Its Application in Water Eutrophication Evaluation

Water environment protection is of great significance for both economic development and improvement of people’s livelihood, where modeling of water environment evolution is indispensable in water quality analysis. However, many water quality indexes related to water quality model cannot be measured online, and some model parameters always vary among different water areas. Thus, this paper proposes a water quality soft-sensing method based on the water quality mechanism model to simulate evolution of water quality indexes online, where unscented Kalman filter is utilized to estimate model parameters. Furthermore, a modified fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method is presented to evaluate the level of water eutrophication condition. Finally, the water quality data collected from Taihu Lake and Beihai Lake are used to validate the effectiveness and generality of the proposed method. The results show that the proposed soft-sensing method is able to describe the variation of related water quality indexes, with better accuracy compared to nonlinear least squares based method and traditional trial-and-error based method. On this basis, the water eutrophication condition can be also accurately evaluated

Characterization of the interaction between a novel convulsant agent, norbiphen, and GABA\u3csub\u3eA\u3c/sub\u3e and other ligand-gated ion channels

A hybrid molecule composed of the antimicrobial, norfloxacin, linked to the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), biphenylacetic acid, which we have termed norbiphen, is a lethal convulsant in vivo and an antagonist of rodent GABA receptors in vitro. In the present study, the selectivity, molecular site(s) and mechanism of action of this novel convulsant were investigated using electrophysiological techniques. Sub-maximal GABA-evoked currents recorded from rodent hippocampal neurons were reversibly inhibited by norbiphen (1 μM) to 5±2% of control whereas glutamate, NMDA and glycine activated responses were little or unaffected. Sub-maximal GABA-evoked currents recorded from oocytes expressing recombinant human α1β2γ2s or α1β2 GABA receptors were also reversibly inhibited by norbiphen (1-1000 nM) with an IC (±s.e.m.) of 5.7±1 and 8.8±1 nM, respectively. Similarly, GABA currents recorded from α1β1γ2s, α1β1 and β2γ2s receptors were inhibited with IC s of 16.1±1, 18.8±1 and 4.2±1 nM, respectively. In contrast, norbiphen (100 nM) had little or no effect at ρ1 GABA homomers. At α1β2γ2s receptors, norbiphen had no affect on the GABA reversal potential, and inhibition was not voltage-dependent, suggesting that this compound does not act at the ion channel. The GABA concentration response curve was shifted in a competitive-like fashion by norbiphen (10-300 nM) and a Schild analysis of these data yielded a slope of 0.94±0.1 and a pA of 7.77. Our data reveal a novel, selective and highly potent antagonist of GABA receptors. Norbiphen should be a valuable agent in future studies of this receptor complex. © 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. A A 50 50 C 2

Efficient aggregate farthest neighbour query processing on road networks

This paper addresses the problem of searching the k aggregate farthest neighbours (AkFN query in short) on road networks. Given a query point set, AkFN is aimed at finding the top-k points from a dataset with the largest aggregate network distance. The challenge of the AkFN query on the road network is how to reduce the number of network distance evaluation which is an expensive operation. In our work, we propose a three-phase solution, including clustering points in dataset, network distance bound pre-computing and searching. By organizing the objects into compact clusters and pre-calculating the network distance bound from clusters to a set of reference points, we can effectively prune a large fraction of clusters without probing each individual point inside. Finally, we demonstrate the efficiency of our proposed approaches by extensive experiments on a real Point- of-Interest (POI) dataset