Table_1_Plasma tissue factor coagulation activity in post-acute myocardial infarction patients.docx

IntroductionCoagulation is involved in fibroproliferative responses following acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Left ventricular (LV) remodeling following AMI is closely associated with progression to heart failure. This study aims to assess the association between plasma tissue factor activity and LV remodeling in post-AMI patients.MethodsWe studied 228 patients with AMI and 57 healthy subjects. Patients with AMI were categorized into two age- and sex-matched groups: patients with adverse LV remodeling or reverse LV remodeling, defined by an increase or decrease, respectively, in LV end systolic volume by ≥15% over 6 months. TF activity was measured in plasma collected at baseline (within 72 hours of revascularization), 1 month and 6 months post-AMI. Multiple level longitudinal data analysis with structural equation (ML-SEM) model was used to assess the impact of various clinical variables on TF activity in post-AMI.ResultsPlasma TF activity in post-AMI patients at baseline (29.05 ± 10.75 pM) was similar to that in healthy subjects but fell at 1 month (21.78 ± 8.23, pConclusionsPlasma TF activity decreased after AMI but was better restored at 6 months in patients with reverse LV remodeling. The clinical significance of changes in post-AMI plasma TF activity needs further investigation.</p

Relation between EV-markers and heart failure: forest plot of the uncorrected odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals. Reference groups were the patients without heart failure.

<p>1-A: the uncorrected odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals for Total Extracellular vesicles (TEX); 1-B: the uncorrected odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals for LDL an HDL fractions EVs.</p

Relation between EV-markers and heart failure, corrected for confounders (age, gender, hypertension, diabetes, chronic renal impairment, anemia, MI, Cerebrovascular accident (CVA), beta-blocker, ACE inhibitor, Statins, Aspirin, and diuretics).

<p>Relation between EV-markers and heart failure, corrected for confounders (age, gender, hypertension, diabetes, chronic renal impairment, anemia, MI, Cerebrovascular accident (CVA), beta-blocker, ACE inhibitor, Statins, Aspirin, and diuretics).</p

Baseline characteristics of study-cohort.

<p>Baseline characteristics of study-cohort.</p

Correlation plots between N-terminal pro b-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) level and extracellular vesicle protein levels of CD14 in HDL fraction, Serpin F2 in TEX fraction, Serpin F2 in LDL fraction and Serpin G1 in TEX fraction.

<p>(r stands for correlation coefficient).</p

Relationship between EV-protein level and heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFREF) or heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFPEF) each compared to patients without heart failure (control).

<p>Relationship between EV-protein level and heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFREF) or heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFPEF) each compared to patients without heart failure (control).</p

Trends and predictions of malnutrition and obesity in 204 countries and territories: an analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Background Malnutrition and obesity are interdependent pathologies along the same spectrum. We examined global trends and projections of disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and deaths from malnutrition and obesity until 2030. Methods Using data from the 2019 Global Burden of Disease study involving 204 countries and territories, trends in DALYs and deaths were described for obesity and malnutrition from 2000 to 2019, stratified by geographical regions (as defined by WHO) and Socio-Demographic Index (SDI). Malnutrition was defined according to the 10th revision of International Classification of Diseases codes for nutritional deficiencies, stratified by malnutrition type. Obesity was measured via body mass index (BMI) using metrics related to national and subnational estimates, defined as BMI ≥25 kg/m2. Countries were stratified into low, low-middle, middle, high-middle, and high SDI bands. Regression models were constructed to predict DALYs and mortality up to 2030. Association between age-standardised prevalence of the diseases and mortality was also assessed. Findings In 2019, age-standardised malnutrition-related DALYs was 680 (95% UI: 507–895) per 100,000 population. DALY rates decreased from 2000 to 2019 (−2.86% annually), projected to fall 8.4% from 2020 to 2030. Africa and low SDI countries observed highest malnutrition-related DALYs. Age-standardised obesity-related DALY estimates were 1933 (95% UI: 1277–2640). Obesity-related DALYs rose 0.48% annually from 2000 to 2019, predicted to increase by 39.8% from 2020 to 2030. Highest obesity-related DALYs were in Eastern Mediterranean and middle SDI countries. Interpretation The ever-increasing obesity burden, on the backdrop of curbing the malnutrition burden, is predicted to rise further.</p