Overview of Academic Studies on Smart Care for the Elderly and Comprehensive Solution Design

Due to historical reasons and urbanization progress, demographic development change has promoted China to enter an aging society and the elders’ demand for medical care and health care has increased rapidly. Meanwhile, the rapid development of information technology is driving the “Smart Care for the Elderly” model which is based on the Internet and regards the internet of things as the medium which has gradually developed into a complete a system, and a series of solutions have been formed. This paper started with the analysis of China’s elderly population status quo, combed academic studies on domestic and foreign “Smart Care for the Elderly” and applications in recent fifteen years and explored how to build a comprehensive “Smart Care for Elderly” solution with improved functions which incorporates such key elements as information technology and social sciences

Health care utilisation amongst Shenzhen migrant workers: does being insured make a difference?

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>As one of the most populous metropolitan areas in the Pearl River Delta of South China, Shenzhen attracts millions of migrant workers annually. The objectives of this study were to compare health needs, self-reported health and healthcare utilisation of insured and uninsured migrant workers in Shenzhen, China, where a new health insurance scheme targeting at migrant workers was initiated.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>A cross-sectional survey using multi-staged sampling was conducted to collect data from migrant factory workers. Statistical tests included logistic regression analysis were used.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Among 4634 subjects (96.54%) who responded to the survey, 55.11% were uninsured. Disease patterns were similar irrespective of insurance status. The uninsured were more likely to be female, single, younger and less educated unskilled labourers with a lower monthly income compared with the insured. Out of 1136 who reported illness in the previous two weeks, 62.15% did not visit a doctor. Of the 296 who were referred for inpatient care, 48.65% did not attend because of inability to pay. Amongst those who reported sickness, 548 were insured and 588 were uninsured.</p> <p>Those that were insured, and had easier access to care were more likely to make doctor visits than those who were uninsured.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Health care utilisation patterns differ between insured and uninsured workers and insurance status appears to be a significant factor. The health insurance system is inequitably distributed amongst migrant workers. Younger less educated women who are paid less are more likely to be uninsured and therefore to pay out of pocket for their care. For greater equity this group need to be included in the insurance schemes as they develop.</p

Investigation on Laser-induced Breakdown Spectroscopy of Potassium Chloride Solution

peer reviewedThe experimental setup for laser—induced breakdown spectroscopy test was designed with pulsed Nd：YAG laser，spectrograph and ICCD and so on．Furthermore the potassium chloride solution spectra signals were detected by this setup．The spectra lines of the trace elements such as natrium (20mg／1)，magnesium(1 mg／1)，calcium(3 mg／1)are recorded．Experiment results show that delay time is one of the important parameters when qualitative analysis．It is easy for LIBS technology to detect multi—elements simultaneity if delay time is appropriate，and qualitative analysis has demonstrated that the feasibility of detecting trace poisonous metals in waste water using LIBS

3-Hydroxyphthalic Anhydride- Modified Rabbit Anti-PAP IgG as a Potential Bifunctional HIV-1 Entry Inhibitor

Several studies have reported that amyloid fibrils in human semen formed from a naturally occurring peptide fragment of prostatic acidic phosphatase (PAP248-286), known as semen-derived enhancer of viral infection (SEVI), could dramatically enhance human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection. Accordingly, SEVI might serve as a novel target for new antiviral drugs or microbicide candidates for the prevention of sexually transmitted HIV. Theoretically, a special anti-PAP or anti-SEVI antibody could reduce the enhancement of viral infection by blocking the binding of HIV and SEVI fibrils. Here, 3-hydroxyphthalic anhydride modified anti-PAP248-286 antibody, named HP-API, exhibited broad-spectrum and highly effective anti-HIV-1 activities on different subtypes and tropism. By using time-of-addition, cell–cell fusion and a single-cycle HIV-1 infection assays, we demonstrated that HP-API is an HIV-1 entry/fusion inhibitor. Mechanism studies suggest that HP-API inhibited HIV-1 entry/fusion by targeting both HIV-1 gp120 envelop and CD4 receptor on the host cell specifically. It is noteworthy that HP-API abrogated the formation of SEVI fibrils and partially interfered with SEVI-mediated enhancement of HIV-1 infection. Based on these findings, HP-API could be considered a bifunctional HIV-1 entry/fusion inhibitor with high potential

Impact of Various Pickling Techniques on the Processing Quality of Cassava Tender Shoots

This study explored the differences in the chemical and elemental composition, anti-nutritional factors, and nitrate content of cassava tender shoots (CTS) pickled vegetables under various traditional processes, such as Kimchi (KIM), sprouts pickles (SPP), vegetable pickled in sauce (SP), olives pickles (OP), hot Kimchi (HK) and salted pickles (SAP), using sensory evaluation, the index of nutritional quality (INQ), and principal component analysis (PCA). The aim was to identify the optimal process for producing high-quality CTS pickled vegetables. Results indicated that different pickling processes significantly affect the quality of CTS pickled vegetables. SPP had the highest protein content at 35.29 g/100 g, while SAP had relatively lower chemical composition. The mineral content in the CTS pickled vegetables decreased to varying degrees, with SPP having the most significant decrease (71.91% in Mn content, 70.72% in Zn, 59.20% in K, and 60.84% in Mg). The cyanide content of CTS pickled vegetables ranged from 32.62 mg/kg to 82.41 mg/kg, while tannin content ranged from 1.07 g tannic acid/100 g to 2.33 g tannic acid/100 g, with nitrate content lower than the national standard at 0.37 mg/kg to 1.02 mg/kg. Sensory evaluation showed that KIM had satisfactory freshness, texture, and appearance, ranking the highest among all. INQ evaluation indicated that SAP, KIM, and HK had higher nutritional value. PCA analysis showed that the cumulative contribution rate of the first three principal components was 83.949%, and the overall score showed that KIM, OP and HK had higher quality. After comprehensive evaluation of sensory evaluation, INQ evaluation, and PCA analysis, KIM using the pickle-making process was determined to be the best method, followed by HK and SAP

Phylogeography and demographic history of the cyprinid fish Barbodes semifasciolatus: implications for the history of landform changes in south mainland China, Hainan and Taiwan

Hainan Island and Taiwan Island are adjacent to the southern margin of mainland China and Vietnam. During glacial periods, global sea levels dropped, allowing that the land bridges connected the continental island and mainland, connecting rivers and providing dispersal opportunities that shaped the origin and diversification of freshwater fishes. Barbodes semifasciolatus is distributed in various water systems of Vietnam, Hainan, Taiwan, and southern mainland China and is restricted to the southern region of the Min River. Our study aimed to evaluate the genetic diversity and phylogeography of B. semifasciolatus using the mtDNA cyt b gene (1,141 bp). A total of 107 haplotypes were identified from 395 specimens in 23 populations, and high haplotype diversity (1.000) and low nucleotide diversity (0.0134) were detected. Mitochondrial phylogenetic analysis and haplotype network analyses revealed three major lineages according to geographical distribution. Lineage A was mainly distributed in Hainan Island, Vietnam and the southern region of the Pearl River in mainland China. Lineage B was distributed only in southeastern Hainan Island. Lineage C was distributed in the coastal rivers of mainland China and Taiwan. We suggest that the river in the Guangdong region is a colonization route in South Taiwan and that the populations distributed in the Pearl River region moved southward to Hainan Island and Vietnam based on the network and Bayesian binary MCMC (BBM) analysis. Our demographic history results indicated that the populations of B. semifasciolatus experienced a bottleneck event following a recent population expansion (DECINC model) supported by ABC analysis. We suggest that sea-level changes exerted pronounced effects on the demography of B. semifasciolatus on the continental island and in the mainland during the late Pleistocene glacial cycles

A point mutation in recC associated with subclonal replacement of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae ST11 in China.

Adaptation to selective pressures is crucial for clinically important pathogens to establish epidemics, but the underlying evolutionary drivers remain poorly understood. The current epidemic of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) poses a significant threat to public health. In this study we analyzed the genome sequences of 794 CRKP bloodstream isolates collected in 40 hospitals in China between 2014 and 2019. We uncovered a subclonal replacement in the predominant clone ST11, where the previously prevalent subclone OL101:KL47 was replaced by O2v1:KL64 over time in a stepwise manner. O2v1:KL64 carried a higher load of mobile genetic elements, and a point mutation exclusively detected in the recC of O2v1:KL64 significantly promotes recombination proficiency. The epidemic success of O2v1:KL64 was further associated with a hypervirulent sublineage with enhanced resistance to phagocytosis, sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim, and tetracycline. The phenotypic alterations were linked to the overrepresentation of hypervirulence determinants and antibiotic genes conferred by the acquisition of an rmpA-positive pLVPK-like virulence plasmid and an IncFII-type multidrug-resistant plasmid, respectively. The dissemination of the sublineage was further promoted by more frequent inter-hospital transmission. The results collectively demonstrate that the expansion of O2v1:KL64 is correlated to a repertoire of genomic alterations convergent in a subpopulation with evolutionary advantages